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Government By Country

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Title: Government By Country


1
GovernmentBy Country
2
Citizen participation AUTOCRACY AUTOCRACY OLIGARCHY OLIGARCHY DEMOCRACY DEMOCRACY
Type of govt leadership
How leader gets power inherit from relatives military force political party membership religious authority elected by citizens true power elected figure-head inherited
ISRAEL
SAUDI ARABIA
IRAN
KENYA
SOUTH AFRICA
SUDAN
INDIA
CHINA
JAPAN
3
Citizens Role in Government
Democratic (rule by all)
Autocratic (rule by one)
Oligarchic (rule by few)
MOST citizen participation
LEAST citizen participation
4
Autocratic
  • One person (ex. King, Emperor, Czar) possesses
    unlimited power
  • The citizen has limited, if any, role in
    government

5
Autocratic cont.
  • Ruler gets power through . . .
  • 1. inheritance from relatives
  • OR
  • 2. ruthless use of military police power

6
Examples of Autocratic Govts
  • Absolute Monarchy
  • Monarch (ex. king, queen, emperor) has
    unlimited power
  • Position is usually inherited (from parents or
    other relatives)
  • Citizens lack the power to limit their rulers
  • Absolute monarchs are rare today but from the
    1400s to the 1700s they ruled most of Western
    Europe
  • Example - King of Saudi Arabia

7
Examples of Autocratic Govts
  • Dictatorship
  • Ideas of a single leader glorified
  • Govt tries to control all parts life (usually
    through force)
  • Citizens lack the power to limit their rulers
    (disagreements put down, sometimes violently)
  • Examples- Hitler (Germany), Mussolini (Italy),
    Stalin (Russia), Sudan

8
Oligarchy
  • Government by the few (a few powerful individuals
    make decisions)
  • A small group exercises control, especially for
    corrupt and selfish purposes
  • The citizen has a very limited role

9
Oligarchy cont.
  • The ruling group gets its power from military
    power, wealth, religion or a combination.
  • Political disagreement is usually suppressed (put
    down), sometimes violently


10
Examples of Oligarchy Theocracy (Iran)
  • a government run by religious authority
  • A Deity (god) is recognized as the highest ruler
  • The Deity's laws are interpreted by religious
    experts (priests, mullahs, etc.)

11
Examples of OligarchyCommunism (China)
  • Govt plans controls the economy
  • a single party (communist party) holds power
  • state controls are forced
  • NO private ownership of property
  • All goods are to be equally shared by the people
    (ex. classless society)

12
WARNING!Autocracy Oligarchy
  • Sometimes claim they rule for the people.
  • In reality, the people have very little say in
    both types of government.
  • Example - may hold elections with only one
    candidate or control the results of elections
  • Example - even when these governments have a
    legislature (branch that makes laws), they often
    only approve decisions made by the leaders.

13
Democracy
  • Citizens vote on government representatives on
    specific issues
  • Citizens have the most power

14
Examples of Democratic Govt
  • Republic
  • (U.S., Kenya, South Africa, India)
  • the citizens elect representatives, not the
    people themselves, to govern and make laws
  • If representatives dont rule how the citizens
    want them to, the people can vote them out of
    office in the next election

15
Examples of Democratic Govt
  • Constitutional Monarchy (Japan)
  • monarch MUST follow the laws of the constitution
  • monarch is usually a figure-head with no
    government power
  • the real power rests with the legislature
    (Parliament or Congress) who is elected by the
    citizens
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