Title: Government By Country
1GovernmentBy Country
2Citizen participation AUTOCRACY AUTOCRACY OLIGARCHY OLIGARCHY DEMOCRACY DEMOCRACY
Type of govt leadership
How leader gets power inherit from relatives military force political party membership religious authority elected by citizens true power elected figure-head inherited
ISRAEL
SAUDI ARABIA
IRAN
KENYA
SOUTH AFRICA
SUDAN
INDIA
CHINA
JAPAN
3Citizens Role in Government
Democratic (rule by all)
Autocratic (rule by one)
Oligarchic (rule by few)
MOST citizen participation
LEAST citizen participation
4Autocratic
- One person (ex. King, Emperor, Czar) possesses
unlimited power - The citizen has limited, if any, role in
government
5Autocratic cont.
- Ruler gets power through . . .
- 1. inheritance from relatives
- OR
- 2. ruthless use of military police power
6Examples of Autocratic Govts
- Absolute Monarchy
- Monarch (ex. king, queen, emperor) has
unlimited power - Position is usually inherited (from parents or
other relatives) - Citizens lack the power to limit their rulers
- Absolute monarchs are rare today but from the
1400s to the 1700s they ruled most of Western
Europe - Example - King of Saudi Arabia
7Examples of Autocratic Govts
- Dictatorship
- Ideas of a single leader glorified
- Govt tries to control all parts life (usually
through force) - Citizens lack the power to limit their rulers
(disagreements put down, sometimes violently) - Examples- Hitler (Germany), Mussolini (Italy),
Stalin (Russia), Sudan
8Oligarchy
- Government by the few (a few powerful individuals
make decisions) - A small group exercises control, especially for
corrupt and selfish purposes - The citizen has a very limited role
9Oligarchy cont.
- The ruling group gets its power from military
power, wealth, religion or a combination. - Political disagreement is usually suppressed (put
down), sometimes violently
10Examples of Oligarchy Theocracy (Iran)
- a government run by religious authority
- A Deity (god) is recognized as the highest ruler
- The Deity's laws are interpreted by religious
experts (priests, mullahs, etc.)
11Examples of OligarchyCommunism (China)
- Govt plans controls the economy
- a single party (communist party) holds power
- state controls are forced
- NO private ownership of property
- All goods are to be equally shared by the people
(ex. classless society)
12WARNING!Autocracy Oligarchy
- Sometimes claim they rule for the people.
- In reality, the people have very little say in
both types of government. - Example - may hold elections with only one
candidate or control the results of elections - Example - even when these governments have a
legislature (branch that makes laws), they often
only approve decisions made by the leaders.
13Democracy
- Citizens vote on government representatives on
specific issues - Citizens have the most power
14Examples of Democratic Govt
- Republic
- (U.S., Kenya, South Africa, India)
- the citizens elect representatives, not the
people themselves, to govern and make laws - If representatives dont rule how the citizens
want them to, the people can vote them out of
office in the next election
15Examples of Democratic Govt
- Constitutional Monarchy (Japan)
- monarch MUST follow the laws of the constitution
- monarch is usually a figure-head with no
government power - the real power rests with the legislature
(Parliament or Congress) who is elected by the
citizens