Title: eLearning
1eLearning
- No one universal definition - now.
- Basically learning through web-enabled
technology. - Usually delivered with/over
- CD-ROM
- Internet
- Intranet
- LAN (Local Area Network)
- WAN (Wide Area Network)
2 Today
- An overview of eLearning (!)
- Some tricks and tips of the trade.
- What resources do you need?
- How do you know when you have a good product?
3True or False?
- A learning product that does not teach has no
value. - M.David Merrill
4False
- A learning product that does not teach has no
value. - M.David Merrill
-
5 A.D.D.I.E.
- Used in ISD (Instructional Systems Design) and
other design systems. - Effective and efficient
- Versatile and flexible
- Stands the test of time
- Criticized as too linear
6ADDIE
7ADDIE minus the ADDIE
8AAnalysis (Upfront Work)
- Project manager with Instructional Design
Manager and Production Manager - Analyze
- Audience
- Content (task analysis or content hierarchy
collaborate with SME) - Resources (, human tech)
- Instructional needs
- Processes (procedures)
- Deliver
- Budget (give high low estimates based on media
options resources) - Project proposal (and sometimes the look feel
samples) - Do
- Present and get commitments (sign-off) from all
concerned parties - Distribute criteria and samples of META-TAGS to
all participating parties
9Cautions
- No sign off
- responsibility with no authority.
- Costly changes (time, money, resources)
- Look-feel (color image) choices!
- Skipping tasks for sake of speed.
10D Design
- Instructional Design
- Re-design
- Graphic Design
11Instructional DESIGN
- Determine goals and objectives include both
terminal and enabling objectives. - Decide on
- Approach easy tasks first, non-sequential, or
problem solving. - Types of communications Synchronous,
asynchronous, - amount of online time total, blended (hybrid),
computer supported learning - Type of use on the job training, on demand, home
study, group study, etc.. - Reusability (objects and modules) - to SCORM or
not to SCORM - List the entry behaviors that the learner must
demonstrate prior to training. - Design
- Objects gt pages gt modules gt courses gt series.
(What goes where and how it goes together.) - Interactivity (Where, what for, how much.)
- Assessments (Questions, answers, instant feedback
tracking) - Flow-chart for developers to use in design and
development of User Interface Architecture
12SCORM
- Sharable Courseware Object Reference Model
includes three parts - Overview - about the model, vision and future
- Content Aggregation Model - how to put learning
content together so it can be moved and reused. - Run Time Environment How content is launched and
the learner's progress is tracked and reported
back. - Who uses SCORM?
- (Information on SCORM in table at end of slide
show.)
13Flow-chart top level
Accounting
Marketing
Finance
Industry
14Flow-chart lower level
- Standard Pages for Strategies
- -Introduction
- -Defining the Problem
- -Sources Research Strategies
- Resources
Standard Pages for Data Sources -About the
Reviews -Overview Ratings, -Tables, -Development,
-Data Sources
Standard Pages for Solutions A.
Problems -Problem Statement -Background -Strategy
-Results -Tips B Case Study -Overview -Reference
-Interview -Research Strategy -Research Results
-Analysis -Resources
15Flow-chart bottom level
Standard Pages for each of the
tutorial -Introduction - Goals Objectives -
Table Contents -Assignment -Strategies - Report -
Tips
16Cautions
- Marketing jumps the gun makes promises.
- Unclear definitions to developers
- Meta- tags not universal
- Misinterpretations of the paths.
- SMEs!!! (Subject Matter Experts)
17Re-design
- Converting existing classroom or textbook courses
to eLearning is a common task now. - Deconstruct existing course (this is essential)
- Determine the knowledge structure Is there more
than one organizational choice? - Determine the dominate function Is it?
Communication, concepts, procedures, affective? - Do not recreate a classroom or textbook on line.
- Use the strengths of the computer nonlinearity,
self-pacing, media, interactivity, tracking, etc. - Redesign then reconstruct course
18Test
- Testing design docs (not programming)
- By SMEs (Subject Matter Experts)
- Check accuracy of information including graphics
- Check activities, and assessments especially
answers and explanations. - Validate the instruction
- Review the process
- For effectiveness and efficiency
- Revise courseware and process
19Cautions
- SMEs!!!
- Electronic textbook approach.
- Need for speed.
- Lack of knowledge of instruction and learning.
20Graphic Design
- Look Feel detailed out
- UI Navigation (sometimes)
- Headers Logos
- Graphics Images
- Animations slide shows
- Interactive practices, questions, quizzes, tests,
etc. - Assessments (interactive)
- Icons
- Etc.
21Cautions
- Pick the right graphic designer(s)
- Over-the-wall process
- Unclear directions from ID
- Improper meta-tagging
- Platform conformity
22D Develop (produce)
- Develop a Rapid Prototype.
- remove bugs provide marketing with sample
- Develop the courseware.
- Select the media and media events
- text, animations, slide shows, etc.
- Produce the necessary materials
- not already produced in graphic dept.
- Synthesize the materials into a viable learning
program. - A quickly assembled module that can be tested
early in the production process.
23Graphic Design
- Belongs here as well as in Design phase. Usually
look-feel is complete by this phase. - UI Navigation (sometimes)
- Animations slide shows
- Interactive practices, questions, quizzes, tests,
etc. - Assessments (interactive)
- Icons
- Etc.
24Help Authoring Tools (HAT)
- Some tools the same as design phase. Sometimes
more hard programming here. - Knopf Online
- http//www.knopf.com/resources/index.html
- is a leading provider of consulting, training,
and development services for the high-tech
industry.
25Macromedia Development Tools
- Macromedia http//www.macromedia.com/software/
- Contribute 3 lets everyone in an organization
publish to websites and bring them alive with
up-to-date content and information. There is no
easier or more affordable way to keep web content
current and relevant. Cheap. - Captivate (formerly RoboDemo) automatically
records all onscreen actions and instantly
creates an interactive Flash simulation. Point
and click to add text captions, narration, and
e-learning interactions without any programming
knowledge. Not too expensive. - Dreamweaver Build professional web sites and
applications. Not difficult to learn on a basic
level so is good tool for beginning developers.
Knowing some HTML allows for more custimazation
and control. Not expensive. - Flash is almost essential to provide animation
and interactivity. Not too expensive. - Authorware is the leading visual authoring tool
for creating rich-media e-learning applications
for delivery on corporate networks, CD/DVD, and
the Web. Develop accessible applications that
comply with learning management system (LMS)
standards. VERY expensive.
26Other Development Tools
- Programming knowledge of HTML, XML, JavaScript,
Java, etc. for custom designs. - A site that recommends tools .
- http//www.e-learningcentre.co.uk/eclipse/vendors/
authoring.htm - This page provides links to software tools (None
from Macromedia) that are useful for the
production of formal e-learning solutions, listed
in alphabetical order http//www.e-learningcentre
.co.uk/eclipse/vendors/authoring.htm - An excellent article Content builders- tools for
e-learning authors - http//www.fastrak-consulting.co.uk/tactix/featu
res/content.htm - Knopf Online excellent resource page for tools
- http//www.knopf.com/resources/index.html
27Test
- Validate the instruction to ensure it
accomplishes all goals and objectives. - Have real people try the prototype.
- Have real people try the course.
- Review courseware and process
- Ensure that the training materials are clear,
accurate, and effective. - Ensure process is effective and efficient.
- Revise courseware and process.
28Cautions
- Marketing jumps the gun.
- Skip testing altogether.
- Skip testing by real people.
- Development goes on during testing!
29I Implement Beta Version
- Make a plan for conducting course, testing
program tracking users. - Implement (deploy/launch) course.
- Conduct course.
- Test course while in use.
- Track users behaviors and learning.
- Use information to revise course, programming and
processes.
30Cautions
- No plan or poor plan.
- Manipulation of or ignoring data.
- Development starts for v.1 and goes on during
data collection.
31E Evaluation
- Content
- Does the program include the appropriate amount
of information? - Is the information up-to-date and correct?
- Instructional Design
- Is the course designed to maximize learning? Are
the objectives met? - Interactivity
- Is the user engaged actively and meaningfully?
- Navigation
- Can users determine their own path?
- Is there an exit option? Is a course map
accessible? - Is there an appropriate use of icons and clear
labels to maximize user friendliness?
- Use of Media
- Does the program appropriately and effectively
employ graphics, animation, music, sound, video,
etc.? - Is the gratuitous use of these media avoided?
- Is the soundtrack really annoying?
32Evaluation (cont.)
- Evaluation (Assessment)
- Is there some type of evaluation, such
as completion of a module? - Aesthetics
- Is the program attractive and appealing to the
eye and ear? - Does the structure of the screen add to the
program? - Record Keeping
- Are student performance data recorded, such as
time to complete, question analyses, and final
scores? Is the data forwarded to the course
manager automatically? - Tone
- Is the program designed for the audience? Does it
avoid being condescending, trite, pedantic, etc.? - ROI (Return On Investment)
- Adapted from Brandon Hall
33Cautions
- Report gets filed.
- ROI is good.
- ROI is poor.
34Next A.D.D.I.E. Add-ons
- Human Resources
- Schedule
- Course Management Technology
- Sampling courses
- Links
35Human Resources
- Needs vary type of organization, money, talent
(multi-talented people), technology available. - Managers
- Project
- Instructional design
- development (production)
- Writers/editors
- Graphic designers
- Programmers, web-masters, etc.
36Work-flow Schedule
37Course Management Technology
- LMS Learning Management System
- CMS Content Management System
- LCMS Learning / Content Management Systems
38What do you think?
- Good or Poor? From Instructional Technology
Global Resources Network WBT Module Motivation
http//www.ittheory.com/wbt/menu.htm - Good or Poor? Rotary International Club and
District Administration Software (RI-CAS and
RI-DAS) Tutorials http//www.rotary.org/support/c
asdas/index.html - Rip off or Service? Site for Free and low cost
online training Free Skills http//www.freeskill
s.com/ http//tutorials.freeskills.com/read/id/4
88/headline/CreatingButtonswithFlashMX - Good or Poor? Implementing and Managing Microsoft
Exchange 2000. Module 1 Introduction to
Microsoft Exchange 2000 - http//www.microsoft.com/learning/syllabi/en
-us/1572Cfinal.mspxECAA (Scroll down to
download module 1, click on download, unzip file
and open.) (or open PDF).
39Instructional Design info Sites
- Instructional Systems Design, from Colorado
University, Denver (more than you ever wanted to
know) http//carbon.cudenver.edu/mryder/itc_data
/idmodels.html - Big Dogs ISD Page lots of info and links to
information about Instructional Systems Design
http//www.nwlink.com/donclark/hrd/sat.html - The HPC SPIDER provides a wide range of
information on eLearning .https//www.spider.hpc
.navy.mil/ - The Learned Man (eLearning Training BLOG)
http//elearning.typepad.com/thelearnedman/2004/03
/top_10_blunders.html - Gagnes 9 Learning Events (how to design the
lessons) http//www.nwlink.com/donclark/hrd/lear
ning/development.htmll - SCORM, An overview http//www.rhassociates.com/sc
orm.htm - From Carnegie Mellon links to info on SCORM
http//www.lsal.cmu.edu/lsal/expertise/projects/de
velopersguide/ - What is, and is not, eLearning?
http//www.managersforum.com/eLearning/Index.htm
40Organizations Journals
- eLearning Guild http//www.elearningguild.com/
- Brandon Hall expensive, but has free resources
at http//www.brandonhall.com/public/freeresources
/index.htm - eLearning Trends, Elliott Maisie
http//www.masie.com/ - ISPI International Society for Performance
Improvement http//www.ispi.org/ - eLearners.com http//www.elearners.com/resources/
index.asp - Tech . Learning site for Education Technology
Leaders http//www.techlearning.com/ - Sloan Consortium http//www.sloan-c.org/index.asp
- Association for the Advancement of Computing in
Education http//www.aace.org/ - Educause http//www.educause.edu/apps/eq/index.as
p - Training Magazine http//www.trainingmag.com/trai
ning/index.jsp - Online Learning Magazine http//www.onlinelearnin
gmag.com/onlinelearning/index.jsp - T.H.E Journal http//www.thejournal.com/
- Electronic Journal of eLearning
http//www.ejel.org/index.htm - Grants for ed tech http//www.castletechnology.co
m/resources/funding.html