FUNGI

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FUNGI
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CHARACTERISTICS

• EUKARYOTIC
• MOST MULTICELLULAR
• HETEROTROPHIC SAPROBES OR PARASITIC
• BODY IS MADE OF HYPHAE
• HAVE CELL WALLS MADE OF CHITIN

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FACTS

• EARLIEST FUNGI FOSSILS ARE ABOUT 500 MILLION
  YEARS OLD
• A FUNGUS IN WASHINGTON STATE COVERS AN AREA OF
  1500 ACRES

• FUNGI REPRODUCE ASEXUALLY AND SEXUALLY, AND ARE
  CHARACTERIZED BY THEIR METHOD OF REPRODUCTION

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• CONS
• ATHLETES FOOT
• JOCK ITCH
• YEAST INFECTIONS
• MOLDY BREAD
• MILDEW
• RINGWORM
• SOME ARE TOXIC
• HISTOPLASMOSIS (95 in H.I.V. cases)
• SICK BUILDING SYNDROME

PROS CONS

• PROS
• EDIBLE
• DECOMPOSERS
• BREADS
• PENICILLUM
• CYCLOSPORINE
• PREFERRED OVER BACTERIA FOR GENETIC ENGINEERING

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Fungi and History!

• Ergot is the common name of a fungus that infects
  grains.
• Eating infected bread made from the grains causes
  Ergotism.
• Ergotism causes convulsions, mental disturbances,
  and perceptual distortions.
• Women accused of witchcraft in the 1600s may
  have been suffering from Ergotism!

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ZYGOMYCOTA

• 600 SPECIES
• COMMONLY FOUND IN SOIL DUNG
• MOLDS

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Shotgun Fungus
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• SAC FUNGI
• 30,000 SPECIES
• FOUND IN SOIL, DUNG, ROTTING LOGS, SALT AND FRESH
  WATER.
• INCLUDES YEASTS, MORELS, TRUFFLES

ASCOMYCOTA
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BASIDIOMYCOTA

• CLUB FUNGI
• 25,000 SPECIES
• MOSTLY TERRESTRIAL
• INCLUDES THE MUSHROOMS, TOADSTOOLS, PUFFBALLS,
  SHELF FUNGI, RUSTS AND SMUTS

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ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION

• ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION IS CALLED FRAGMENTATION.
• THIS FORM OF REPRODUCTION IS RARE IN THIS GROUP,
  EXCEPT IN SOME RUSTS AND SMUTS.

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SEXUAL REPRODUCTION
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DEUTEROMYCOTA

• FUNGI IMPERFECTI
• 10,000 SPECIES
• TERRESTRIAL
• INCLUDES ASPERGILLUS, PENICILLUM, ATHLETES FOOT,
  RINGWORM

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More Parasitic Fungi