DO NOW

1
DO NOW Bacteria Review

• Is ALL bacteria bad?
• Why or why not? Site three reasons to support
  your answer.

2
DO NOW ORGANIZER Bacteria Shapes Use page
219 to help you complete the organizer below.
Phylum Name Sketch Shape Example species



3
The FUNGUS Kingdompgs 236-241
4
What is a fungus?

• 1.Eukaryotes
• 2.Use spores to
• reproduce
• 3.Heterotrophs

5
Where Do Fungus Grow?

• Damp, warm areas like dewy lawns, bathroom tiles,
  moist foods, damp tree barks, etc

6
The Fungus Cell Structure

• Yeasts are unicellular
• However, all other fungus have structures called
  HYPHAE.

7
What are HYPHAE?

• Hyphae branching, thread-like tubes that make
  up the body of multi-cellular fungi
• Contain many nuclei substances move quickly
  through the hyphae

How the hyphae are arranged determine what the
fungus will look like loosely tangled or tightly
packed
8
Parts of a Fungus
9
Fungus use Hyphae to Obtain Food

• Fungus grows hyphae into its food source
• Digestive chemicals ooze from the hyphae and
  break down the food into small substances

10
Fungi Reproduce Asexually and Sexually

• ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION -
• 1. Yeasts reproduce asexually by budding. A
  small yeast cell grows from a larger parent cell.
• 2. When the conditions are
• right, fungi will grow fruiting bodies
  (reproductive structures) that release spores.

Budding yeast cell
11
Fungi Asexual Reproduction

• Fungi reproduce by producing light-weight spores.
  A tiny cell that is able to grow into a new
  organism.
• Spores are carried through the air or water
• Fungi OVERPRODUCE their spores because only a few
  will fall where conditions are favorable.
• Spores are produced in fruiting bodies.

Puffball and its spores.
12
Fungus Reproduce Sexually

• When the conditions are not optimal for asexual
  reproduction, fungi may reproduce sexually. Two
  hyphae grow and genetic material is exchanged.

Sexual Reproduction in bread mold fungus.
13
How are Fungus Classified?

• Fungus are classified into groups based on the
  shapes of their spore-producing structures and
  their ability to reproduce sexually. They are
  classified into three groups.

Puffball Mushroom releasing spores.
14
Classifications of Fungus
Sac-like Fungi (Morels)
Zygote Fungi (Rhizopus)
Club Fungi (Geaster puffball)
15
The Role of Fungus in Nature

1. Food
2. Decomposers and Recyclers
3. Cure Disease
4. Cause Disease
5. Live in Symbiosis with other organisms

16
Role of Fungi in Nature

• 1. Help make food products.
• Breads
• Cheeses
• Beers and wine
• 2. Break down the chemicals in dead organisms.

17
Benefits of Fungi

• 3. In 1928 Alexander Fleming discovered
  Penicillin, a blue-green mold that kills
  bacteria. It is used as an antibiotic.
• Fleming discovered penicillin by accident. He
  was growing samples of bacteria and noticed that
  a spot of mold was stopping the bacteria growth.

18
Harmful Fungi

• 4. Some fungus can cause damage to crops or cause
  diseases in humans as well.
• Athletes foot
• Ringworm
• Plant Rusts
• Corn Smut

19
Fungus Working with Other Organisms

• 5. Some fungus grow in the roots of plants and
  help them grow larger and healthier. The hyphae
  of the fungus absorb water for the plants and the
  fungus gets food.

20
What are Lichen?

• Made up of a fungus and either an algae/bacteria
• Fungus gets food made by the algae
• Algae gets nutrients from the fungus.
• Sensitive to pollution scientists watch lichen
  to see if the air is clean in an area

21
All About Fungus!