Terrestrial Ecosystems - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

1 / 19
About This Presentation
Title:

Terrestrial Ecosystems

Description:

Title: Slide 1 Author: Lake Stevens Last modified by: Lake Stevens Document presentation format: On-screen Show (4:3) Other titles: Lucida Grande ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

Number of Views:54
Avg rating:3.0/5.0
Slides: 20
Provided by: LakeSt3
Category:

less

Transcript and Presenter's Notes

Title: Terrestrial Ecosystems


1
(No Transcript)
2
Terrestrial EcosystemsManagement and Threats
  • Chapter 10

3
Forests
  • Types of Forests (coniferous, temperate, and
    tropical)
  • Cover 30 of the earths surface
  • tropical forests account for more than half
  • old growth forests (not seriously disturbed for
    100 years)--36
  • second-growth forests (result from secondary
    succession)--60
  • tree plantation (managed forest, same species,
    same age)--4

3
4
Ecological and Economic Services
  • Remove carbon dioxide and produce oxygen
  • temperature stabilization (climate change)
  • Hold soil in place
  • minimize flooding
  • recharge groundwater
  • provide with food/medicine
  • home for animals and humans
  • provide a source of income

4
5
Major Threats
  • Loss of habitat is the single biggest cause of
    species extinction!
  • Unsustainable logging (deforestation)
  • use wood for biofuel, lumber, paper, exotic woods
    for furniture, flooring, etc.
  • harvesting illegally
  • selective cutting, clear cutting, strip cutting
  • Forest Fires
  • surface fires (burn undergrowth and leaf litter),
    beneficial to forests
  • crown fires (hot burning, leaps from treetop to
    treetop), destructive to forests

5
6
Major Threats
  • Diseases and Insects
  • accidentally or deliberately introduced
  • Eat leaves (defoliate), flowers, buds, bore holes
    in bark and woody stemscause extensive damage
  • Easily spread from tree to tree, hard to control
  • Climate change
  • trees need certain climate conditions to produce
    seeds, germinate, or produce fruit
  • increase in drought conditions also increases
    forest fires

6
7
Deforestation and Tropical Rainforests
  • Most vulnerable ecosystems
  • loss concentrated in less developed countries
  • half of these forests have been lost since 1950
  • estimated that these forests will be gone in the
    next 20-40 years
  • endemic species that are highly vulnerable to
    extinction
  • habitats are fragmented by roads
  • slash and burn practice used to make room for
    agriculture

7
8
(No Transcript)
9
Rangelands (Grasslands)
  • help with soil formation, erosion control,
    chemical cycling, storing carbon dioxide,
    maintaining biodiversity
  • Rangeland--unfenced grassland used to support
    grazing species
  • moderate grazing healthy
  • overgrazing grass is damaged due to too much
    grazing and grass not allowed to recover
  • causes ecosystem to be susceptible to invasive
    species, drought and erosion

9
10
Managing Forests
  • Purchase sustainably harvested wood products
  • Limit clear-cutting, advocate for selective
    cutting
  • Limit government subsidies and tax breaks, favor
    replanting efforts
  • Educating the public about forest fires and
    prevention (Smokey the Bear)
  • using prescribed burns to remove slash, and other
    ground debris
  • Reduce the demand for wood products and use them
    more efficiently (other source for paper)
  • Limit woods used as fuelwood source

10
11
Managing Grasslands
  • control number of grazing animals and time
    allowed to graze
  • rotational grazing
  • eliminating invaders with herbicides, mechanical
    removal or burning

11
12
National Parks and Reserves
  • 1,100 national parks in 120 countries
  • 58 national parks in the US
  • Many parks threatened by invasive species,
    illegal activities, limited funding, or
    inadequate staff
  • especially in less developed countries
  • 13 of global land and sea set aside for
    reserves, but only 5 strictly protected.
  • 95 reserved for human use
  • wilderness areas of land strictly protected from
    human activities (logging, mining, motor vehicle
    use)
  • 1964 Wilderness Protection Act

12
13
Yellowstone National Park
14
Park History
  • Founded in 1872.
  • Americas first National Park.
  • 3,468 square miles in size.
  • Is the most popular park in the US, with annual
    visitors topping 3 million per year, with the
    most visits in the summer.
  • In 1988 a devastating wildfire swept through the
    park, burning upward of 36 of the vegetation.
  • Result of lots of underbrush gathered in forested
    areas.

15
Location and Climate
16
Wildlife
17
Popular Attractions
18
Threats
  • Invasive species
  • Lots of human traffic increases the chance of
    invaders being introduced
  • Water Pollution
  • Lots of vehicle traffic increases oil runoffalso
    garbage can accumulated in natural areas
  • Overuse of hiking trails, campsites and fishing
    areas

19
If I were to visit
  • Old Faithful Inn
  • The largest log structure in the world!
  • I would visit in the springless people and
    wildflowers blooming ?
  • I would also make sure to hike Yellowstone canyon
    and Mammoth Hot Springs trails
Write a Comment
User Comments (0)
About PowerShow.com