Hinduism and Buddhism

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Hinduism and Buddhism

• AP World History
• Bartlett High School
• Mr. Pahl

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Hinduism

• No single founder
• No single sacred text.
• Grew out of various groups in India
• The Aryans added their religious beliefs to those
  of the Indus Valley.
• Our of all its complexity, though, there are
  certain basic beliefs

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Hindu Beliefs

• God is one, but is known by many names.
• Everything in the universe is part of the
  unchanging, all-powerful force called Brahman.
• Brahman is too complex for most people to
  understand.
• They worship gods that give a concrete form to
  Brahman.
• Gods are Brahma the Creator Vishnu the
  preserver, Shiva, the destroyer
• All are aspects of Brahman
• Every person has an essential life, or atman.

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More Hindu beliefs

• But even the atman is just another name for
  Brahman.
• The ultimate goal is to attain moksha, union with
  Brahman.
• Since this usually takes more than one lifetime,
  Hindus believe in reincarnation.
• Reincarnation is the rebirth of the soul in
  another bodily form. Samsara.
• Karma your good or bad deeds affect ones
  future, and the future of those around one, for
  good or suffering

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• Respect for all life vegetarian
• Human life as supreme
• Four stations of life (Caste) - priests
  teachers, nobles warriors, merchant class,
  servant class
• Four stages of life student, householder,
  retired, renunciant
• Four duties of life pleasure, success, social
  responsibilities, religious responsibilities
  (moksha)

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Major Gods

• Brahma, the creator god
• Vishnu, the preserver god

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• Shiva, god of constructive destruction(the
  transformer)
• Saraswati, goddess of wisdom, consort ofBrahma

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• Lakshmi, goddess of good fortune, consortof
  Vishnu
• Kali, destroyer of demons

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• Ganesha-He is the Lord of success and destroyer
  of evils and obstacles. He is also worshipped as
  the god of education, knowledge, wisdom and wealth

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More Hindu Beliefs

• All existence is ranked Brahman, humans,
  animals, plants, things.
• To help escape the wheel of fate, dharma,
  religious duties, can help one acquire merit for
  the next life.
• Vedas and Upanishads are sacred texts. The
  BhagavadGita spells out many ethical ideas.
• Ahimsa is another key principle of Hinduism
  nonviolence.

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Buddha

• Gautama Buddha, from the foothills of the
  Himalayas, founded a new religion.
• Gautama born about 566 BC
• He saw for the first time in his protected
  environment, a sick person, an older person, and
  a dead person.
• Gautama left a happy married life to discover the
  realm of life where there is neither suffering
  or death.

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Buddha

• He meditated and fasted. For 48 days he
  meditated in one place. He believed he
  understood the cure for suffering and sorrow he
  was now Buddha.
• The Four Noble Truths are the heart of Buddhism
• All life is full of suffering, pain and sorrow.
• The cause of suffering is the desire for things
  that are really illusions, such as riches, power
  and long life.
• The only cure for suffering is to overcome
  desire.
• The way to overcome desire is to follow the
  Eightfold Path

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The Eightfold Path

• Right views
• Right aspirations
• Right speech
• Right conduct
• Right Livelihood
• Right effort
• Right mindfulness
• Right contemplation

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Buddhism

• Final goal of Buddhism is nirvana, union with the
  universe and release from the cycle of rebirth.
• Buddhism and Hinduism agree on karma, dharma,
  moksha and reincarnation.
• They are different in that Buddhism rejects the
  priests of Hinduism, the formal rituals, and the
  caste system. Buddha urged people to seek
  enlightenment through meditation.

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Hinduism and Buddhism Compared
Similarities Differences
Hinduism and Buddhism Karma Dharma Moksha Reincarnation Buddhism rejects the priests of Hinduism, the formal rituals, and the caste system. Buddha urged people to seek enlightenment through meditation
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Buddhism

• Buddha preached in northern India and his
  teachings spread.
• Buddhas followers gathered his teachings into the
  Tripitaka.
• Gradually Buddhism split into two parts, schools
• Theravada Buddhism. Closely followed Buddhas
  original teachings.
• Mahayana Buddhism. Made following Buddhism easier
  for the ordinary people.
• Buddhism declined in India, being swallowed up by
  Hinduism which made Buddha another Hindu god.

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