El presente perfecto

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El presente perfecto

• Español IV
• Capítulo 7

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Qué es el presente perfecto?

• The present perfect is formed by combining a
  helping verb (have or has) with the past
  participle

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Por ejemplo

• For example
• I have played tennis.
• She has sung at weddings.
• We have flown in a plane.

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Para formar in inglés

• To form the present participle we combine the
  helping verb have/has with a past participle
• For example, I have been a lifeguard.
• I is the subject
• have is the helping verb
• been is the past participle

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Para formar en español

• In Spanish we form the present participle by
  combining the present tense of the verb haber
  (the helping verb, or el verbo auxiliar) with a
  past participle
• For example
• Yo he bailado.
• I have danced.
• Nosotros no hemos estudiado para el examen.
• We havent studied for the test.

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The present tense of haber
he hemos
has habéis
ha han
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Remember

• How to form the past participle
• For ar verbs, take the stem of the verb and add
  ado
• Example comprar ? comprado
• For er and ir verbs, take the stem of the verb
  and add ido
• Example tener ? tenido

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Para formar

• Here are the present perfect forms of estudiar

he estudiado hemos estudiado
has estudiado habéis estudiado
ha estudiado han estudiado
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Para formar

• As you can see I have combined the present forms
  of haber (the helping verbs)

he hemos
has habéis
ha han
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• with the past participle of estudiar

he hemos
has habéis
ha han
estudiado estudiado
estudiado estudiado
estudiado estudiado
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Now you try
On a sheet of paper, see if you can figure out
the present perfect forms for the verb hablar

he ________ hemos _______
has ________ habéis ________
ha ________ han ________
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Is this what you came up with?

he hablado hemos hablado
has hablado habéis hablado
ha hablado han hablado
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Lets try another

• Now see if you can form the present perfect
  forms of the verb tomar

__ ________ ____ _______
___ ________ _____ ________
__ ________ ___ ________
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• Is this what you got?

he tomado hemos tomado
has tomado habéis tomado
ha tomado han tomado
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Now lets try an er verb

• See if you can come up with the present perfect
  forms for comer

__ ______ _____ ______
___ ______ ______ ______
__ ______ ___ ______
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• Is this what you came up with?

he comido hemos comido
has comido habéis comido
ha comido han comido
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• Lets try another onesee if you can come up
  with the present perfect tense of ir

__ ___ _____ ___
___ ___ ______ ___
__ ___ ___ ______
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• Is this what you came up with?

he ido hemos ido
has ido habéis ido
ha ido han ido
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• Many of you may have assumed that ir had an
  irregular past participle. Afterall, it does
  have an irregular present participle. But ir is
  actually regular in this tense. Here are some
  verbs that are irregular in the past participle

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Not exactly irregular but

• -er and ir verbs whose stems end in a vowel
  have past participles ending in ído
• caer ? caído creer ? creído
• leer ? leído oír ? oído
• reír ? reído traer ? traído

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Irregulars

• The following verbs have irregular past
  participles ending in to
• abrir ? abierto cubrir ? cubierto
• descubrir ? descubierto escribir ? escrito
• morir ? muerto poner ? puesto
• romper ? roto ver ? visto
• volver ? vuelto

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More irregulars

• These verbs have irregular past participles
  ending in cho
• decir ? dicho
• hacer ? hecho

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Practicamos!

• See if you can form the correct present perfect
  using the subject and verb given.
• Modelo yo / decidir ? He decidido
• 1. ella / abrir
• Ha abierto
• 2. Marta y yo / tocar
• Hemos tocado
• 3. Gonzalo / crecer
• Ha crecido

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• 4. Tú y tus amigos / reír
• Han reído ó habéis reído
• 5. Mis padres / hacer
• Han hecho
• 6. Tus abuelos / cubrir
• Han cubierto
• 7. Rogelio y Ramón / escribir
• Han escrito

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Y para más práctica

• Now go to our class website,
• http//www.umich.edu/brittas/sp3.htm, and do
  the exercises listed.