CHAPTER 3 Sect. 1 Learning Target 7.2.1

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CHAPTER 3 Sect. 1Learning Target 7.2.1

• We will describe the geography and climate of the
  Arabian Peninsula, and discuss the impact of
  surrounding bodies of water and of nomadic and
  settled lifestyles.

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Geography and Life in Arabia
7.2.1

• The Big Idea
• Life in Arabia was influenced by the harsh desert
  climate of the region.
• Main Ideas
• Arabia is mostly a desert land.
• Two ways of lifenomadic and sedentarydeveloped
  in the desert.

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Main Idea 1 Arabia is mostly a desert land.

• The Arabian Peninsula lies near the intersection
  of three continents, so it is called a
  crossroads location.
• Africa
• Asia
• Europe
• Arabias location has shaped its physical
  features.

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Physical Features

• Arabia lies in a region with hot, dry air.
• The climate makes it hard for plants and animals
  to survive.
• Huge sand dunes, or hills of sand shaped by the
  wind, cover large parts of Arabia.
• Water exists mainly in oases, wet, fertile areas
  that are scattered across the deserts.

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Main Idea 2 Two ways of lifenomadic and
sedentarydeveloped in the desert.

• In a nomadic life, people moved from place to
  place within tribes for protection and as the
  seasons changed.
• Sedentary people settled in oases, where they
  could farm. These settlements often became towns.
• Towns became centers of trade. Many had a souk, a
  market or bazaar, where goods were traded.

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Test Questions

• Please note, there will be 10 questions from
  Section one on
• the chapter test.
• Standard 7.2.1
• Identify the physical features and describe the
  climate of the Arabian peninsula, its
  relationship to surrounding bodies of land and
  water, and nomadic and sedentary ways of life.

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CHAPTER 3 Sect. 2Learning Target 7.2.2

• We will examine the life and teachings of
  Muhammad, the origins of Islam, and Islams
  connection with Judaism and Christianity.

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Origins of Islam
7.2.2

• The Big Idea
• Muhammad, a merchant from Mecca, introduced a
  major world religion called Islam.
• Main Ideas
• Muhammad became a prophet and introduced a
  religion called Islam in Arabia.
• Muhammads teachings had similarities to Judaism
  and Christianity, but they also presented new
  ideas.
• Islam spread in Arabia after being rejected at
  first.

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Main Idea 1 Muhammad became a prophet and
introduced a religion called Islam in Arabia.

• A man named Muhammad taught a new religion to the
  people of Arabia.
• Muslims believe that God spoke to Muhammad
  through an angel and made him a prophet.
• While Muhammad was in a cave meditating, the
  angel visited him, according to Islamic belief.
• The messages he received were the basis for Islam
  and were collected in the holy book of Islam
  called the Quran.

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Main Idea 2 Muhammads teachings had
similarities to Judaism and Christianity, but
they also presented new ideas.

• Muhammad taught that there was only one God,
  Allah, which means the God in Arabic. This is
  similar to Christianity and Judaism.
• Muslims also recognize many of the same prophets
  as Christians and Jews.
• Muslims dont believe that Jesus was the son of
  God.
• Arabs were used to worshipping many gods, so many
  of them rejected Muhammads teachings.
• Muhammad said the rich and poor should be equal.
  Many wealthy merchants did not like this idea.

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Main Idea 3 Islam spread in Arabia afterbeing
rejected at first.

• Islam spread from Mecca to Medina.
• Rulers of Mecca began to threaten Muhammad and
  his followers with violence as Islam started to
  influence more people.
• Muhammad left Mecca and went to Medina.
• This departure became known in Muslim history as
  the hegira, or journey.
• Islam thrived in Medina, and other Arab tribes in
  the region accepted Islam.

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Islam Spreads from Medinato the Rest of Arabia

• Muhammads house became the first mosque, or
  building for Muslim prayer.
• He reported new revelations about rules for
  society, government, and worship.
• Mecca finally welcomed Muhammad back to the city
  and accepted Islam as its religion.

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Test Questions

• There will be 15 test questions on Section 2 of
  the text.
• Standard 7.2.2
• Trace the origins of Islam and the life and
  teachings of Muhammad, including Islamic
  teachings on the connection with Judaism and
  Christianity.

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CHAPTER 3 Sect. 3Learning Target 7.2.3

• We will explain the importance of the Quran and
  the Sunnah. Identify their influence on the
  daily lives of Muslims and on Islamic beliefs,
  practices, and laws.

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Islamic Beliefs and Practices
7.2.3

• The Big Idea
• Sacred texts called the Quran and the Sunnah
  guide Muslims in their religion, daily life, and
  laws.
• Main Ideas
• The Quran guides Muslims lives.
• The Sunnah tells Muslims of important duties
  expected of them.
• Islamic law is based on the Quran and the Sunnah.

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Main Idea 1 The Quran guides Muslims lives.

• The world has a definite end, and on that final
  day, God will judge all people. The central
  teaching of the Quran is that there is only one
  God, Allah, and Muhammad is his prophet. (1a) Q1
• The Quran sets out guidelines for moral
  behavior, acts of worship, and rules for social
  life(1b) Q1
• Muslims were encouraged to free slaves.
• Women could own property, earn money, and receive
  an education.
• No eating pork or drinking alcohol.
• One must wash before prayer in order to be pure.
• Jihad, Struggle

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Quran

• The Quran discusses Jihad, which means to make
  an effort, or to struggle. Jihad refers to the
  inner struggle people go through in their effort
  to obey God and behave according to Islamic ways.
• Jihad can also mean the struggle to defend the
  Muslim community, or historically, to convert
  people to Islam. The word has also been
  translated as holy war, because of the
  struggles with outside forces.
• The Quran is the Islamic Holy Book of Muslim
  people.

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Main Idea 2 The Sunnah tells Muslims of
important duties expected of them.

• The hadith (huh-deeth)is the written record of
  Muhammads words and actions. It is the basis for
  the Sunnah.
• The Sunnah provides a model for the duties and
  way of life expected of Muslims.
• The first duties of a Muslim are known as the
  Five Pillars of Islam, which are five acts of
  worship required of all Muslims. (2a) Q1
• Ramadan is the 4th duty in the 5 Pillars of
  Islam. It is a reminder that God is more
  important than ones body and that there are
  people in the world who struggle each day to get
  food. (2b)Q3.
• People shouldnt owe others money and should obey
  their leaders.

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The Five Pillars of Islam

1. Saying There is no god but God, and Muhammad is
   his prophet A statement of faith.
2. Praying five times a day Prayer
3. Giving to the poor and needy Charity
4. Fasting during the holy month of Ramadan Fasting
5. Traveling to Mecca at least once on a hajj A
   pilgrimage to Mecca

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Main Idea 3Islamic law is based on the Quran
and the Sunnah.

• The Quran and the Sunnah form the basis of
  Islamic law, or Shariah.
• Shariah is very important to Muslims because it
  governs all aspects of their lives.

• Shariah is a system based on Islamic sources and
  human reason that judges the rightness of actions
  taken.

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Test Questions

• There will be 12 test questions on Section three
  of the text.
• Standard 7.2.3
• Explain the significance of the Qur'an and the
  Sunnah as the primary sources of Islamic beliefs,
  practice, and law, and their influence in
  Muslims' daily life.

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Test

• There will be a map portion of the test. It
  will consist of identifying the following places
• Mecca
• Medina
• Asia
• Europe
• Arabia
• Africa

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