The Renaissance

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The Renaissance

• Respectfully submitted
• C. Stephen Ingraham

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Sing to the Tune Row, Row, Row your boat.
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A Little Quiz

• 1. ____ An effect of the Crusades on Europe was
• a). The Holy Land was freed from the Seljuk
  Turks
• b) People moved away from the towns cities
• c) The towns cities became crowded with people
• d) The Eastern Western parts of the old Roman
  Empire were united.
• 2. ____ Another effect of the Crusades on Europe
  was
• a). The Holy Land was not freed from the Seljuk
  Turks
• b) People returned back to their former tenant
  farms
• c) The Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox
  Churches were united
• 3.____ An effect of the Bubonic Plague on Europe
  was
• a). The Holy Land was freed from the Seljuk
  Turks
• b) People moved away from the towns cities
• c) New knowledge of medical practices evolved
• d) 75 of the people in Europe died.
• 4.______ An other effect of the Bubonic Plague
  on Europe was
• a). The knowledge of the Greeks Roman was
  discovered
• b) People moved into the towns cities
• c) The rat population was finally controlled
• d) The power of the Nobles and the Church
  decreased.

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A Little Quiz

• 5. ____ The Christian Church Divided because of
• a). The Holy Land was freed from the Selkic
  Turks
• b) disagreements over the Crusades
• c) disputes over holy pictures of Jesus and the
  saints
• d) The serfs problems with the Feudal system.
• 6. ___ The Magna Carta was important because it
  said
• a) The King was above the laws and didnt have
  to obey them
• b) The King also had to obey the laws
• c) The Feudal System was supported by the
  Christian Church
• d) The Christian Church was established as the
  official Church
• 7. ___ The people who were tied to the land
  during the Middle Ages were
• a) the Kings b) The Nobles c) the Knights d)
  the Serfs.
• 8. ___ A large block of land made up of meadows,
  forests, farmland, a village, and a church owned
  by a noble was called.
• a) a manor b) a Nation-State c) a City-State d)
  a Feudal State.
• 9. ___ The document that first limited the power
  of the Kings in England was
• a) the Constitution b) Common Sense c) the
  Magna Carta
• d) The Justinian Code.
• 10. ___ The Emperor Justinian was ruler of
• a) The Holy Land b) Byzantium c) France d)
  England

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A Little Quiz

• 12. ____ The Christian leader in Constantinople
• a) Priest b) Caliph c) Pope d) Patriarch.
• 13. ___ The Christian Church leader in Rome
• a) Priest b) Caliph c) Pope d) Patriarch.
• 14. ___ The Muslim Leader and successor to
  Muhammad
• a) Priest b) Caliph c) Pope d) Patriarch.
• 15. ___ The Muslims who stayed loyal to the
  descendants of the fourth caliph are called
• a) Sunni b) Orthodox c) Shiite d) Abbasid or
  Umayyad.
• Please Rate how you think you did
• State the number of questions out of 15 you think
  you got correct _______________________

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Renaissance Table of Contents

• Renaissance Definition
• 2. Vocabulary Terms
• 3. Renaissance Song
• 4. The Mediterranean the Black Sea
• 5. Italian City-States Map-
• 6. Guild
• 7. The Rise of the Italian City-States
• 8. Merchants in Europe Unite
• 9. New Ideas in the Renaissance
• 10. The Renaissance
• 11.Learning About the World
• 12. Changes in Art
• 13. The Spread of Ideas
• 14. Revolution in Science
• 15. Nation-State
• 16. Map
• 17. Life in Europe
• 18. Weakened Church Reformation
• 19. Art, Literature, Religion Change

Directions Skip to pages. (either front and
back or two facing pages)
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What Does RenaissanceMean?
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What Does RenaissanceMean?The rebirth or
rediscovery of Knowledge in Europe after the
bubonic plague and the dark ages.
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The Renaissance Song sung to Teen Titans
It first had beginnings in Italy. Renaissance V
enice, Naples, Milan, Florence Genoa you
see. Renaissance Merchants bring ideas
technology. The city-state of Venice ruled the
sea. Banking families became very wealthy. Its
the Renaissance!!! Learning knowledge is
valued you see. Renaissance Patrons paid
painters, sculptors, scholars
money. Renaissance Perspective adds realism to
their work. People want to know how all things
work. Using math Isaac Newton explains
gravity. Its the Renaissance!!! A Renaissance
genius was Leonardo da Vinci. Renaissance A
philosopher, scientist, engineer, inventor was
he, Renaissancebut dont forget Michelangelo He
painted the Sistine Chapel you know. And
Gutenbergs press prints history. Its the
Renaissance!!!
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The Renaissance Song Part Two
Copernicus says the Earth revolves around the
sun Renaissance Galileos telescope proves it
science has won. Renaissance Indulgences are sold
by the clergy. Martin Luthers 95 Theses is
heresy. Protestants start the Reformation in
Germany. Its the Renaissance!!! Its the
Renaissance!!! Its the Renaissance!!!
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The Roman Empire
Constantinople
Rome
The Mediterranean Sea
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England
Byzantine Empire
Germany
France
Italy
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Vocabulary to Set the Stage

• Greek Fire - A chemical mixture which catches
  fire when water
• hits it.
• doge - A leader of the Italian City-State of
  Venice.
• saga - A Scandinavian (or Viking) adventure
  story.
• Territorial expansion - The adding of new land
  through war fare.
• Hansas - Groups of merchants working together
  sharing the cost
• of trading (renting ships paying guards).
• Embargoes - Bans on trade to force a favorable
  trade agreement.

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Renaissance Vocabulary

• Renaissance - A French word meaning rebirth.
• Patron - A supporter of the Arts or artist.
• Perspective - A technique which allows an artist
  to show the
• difference from things that
  are close and things that
• are far away.
• Moveable type - single letters that can be
  arranged in trays to
• form words and reused
  to form new words and
• sentences.
• Telescope - An instrument that can make faraway
  objects seem
• closer developed by Galileo
  Galilei
• Gravity - The force named by Isaac Newton which
  explains how
• objects are held to the Earth and
  the attraction of the
• planets.
• Scientific Method - The concept that requires
  ideas to be tested
• through
  observation and experimenting.

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The Mediterranean the Black Sea 12-2
I A. Byzantine Trade 1. Byzantine Emperor
Justinian I controlled both the Mediterranean
the Black Sea. 2. Constantinople, his
capital between both, was a center of trade.
All trade goods which came through the city
were taxed. 3. Byzantine merchant ships traveled
through the Red Sea to the Indian Ocean and
journeyed up the Dnieper River. 4. The Byzantine
Navy used Greek Fire, or a chemical mixture
which caught fire when it hit water, to rule the
sea. B. Muslims in the Mediterranean 1. In
649 CE. Muslims controlled the island of Cyprus
and in 799 CE. They controlled Crete,
Sicily, other important Mediterranean
Islands. 2. The Byzantine Empire took back
Cyprus Crete and ordered all merchants to
stop sending ship building wood iron to
Muslim lands. 3. The Italian City-States of
Amalfi and Venice disregarded this order
because they were far from the rest of the
Byzantine Empire and they were growing rich
by continued trade with the Muslims.
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The Mediterranean the Black Sea 12-2
I C. The Rise of the Italian City-States 1.
Venice grew rich powerful. a) They exported
wood, wool, iron b) They imported silks,
spices, ivory which they sold in Europe 2.
Other Italian City-States (Pisa Genoa) formed
strong ties with Muslim ports in North
Africa. 3. In the late 1000 CE. Venice helped
the Byzantines by fighting the Norman
invaders and were rewarded by not having to pay
taxes on their good traveling through
Constantinople. 4. In 1204 CE. the doge, or
leader of Venice, told the crusaders to attack
Constantinople and after the city fell
Venice took control of most of the Byzantine
lands along the eastern Mediterranean. 5. The
Italian City-States of Genoa, Milan, Florence
under the leadership of Venice held a trade
monopoly for 200 years. 6. In 1453 Ottoman Turks
closed Constantinople to all trade and the
jealousy of the Italian City-states would cause
others to look for another route to Asia
beginning the Age of Exploration.
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The Northern Seas 12-3
II C. Merchants In Europe Unite 1.
European Merchants face many problems a)
bandits on land b) pirates at sea c) paid
taxes at every port. 2. In 1200 CE. Merchants
form Hansas, or groups to share the costs of
trading, such as renting ships and paying
guards for trade caravans. 3. By 1300 CE. Over
200 northern European towns join the Hanseatic
League. The members agree to protect each
others merchants and their trading
rights. 4. The League had its own navy, but more
often used its economic power. Embargoes, or
bans on trade, worked as well as war for gaining
trade agreements. 5. This gave them a
monopoly on northern sea trade.
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The Rebirth of Ideas in Europe 13-1
I A. The Renaissance Begins In Italy 1. The
Italian cities of Venice, Naples, Milan,
Florence, Genoa become trading centers.
Merchants bring not only goods, but ideas about
philosophy, science, geography, and
technology. 2. Wealthy merchant and banking
families took over their city-states
government. 3. These new leaders a) valued
learning b) appreciated the Greeks love of
beauty c) respected the Romans practical ideas
of government d) became patrons, or supporters
of scholars and artists. 4. One family of
Florence, de Medici, encouraged artist
thinkers paying them. B. Learning About
The World 1. Middle Age thinking which focused
on God and religion shifted to the
importance of the individual. 2. People needed
to understand how things worked. 3. Renaissance
scholars studied Greek Roman ideas preserved by
Muslim scholars, however writers wrote in
their own language.
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• New Ideas in Renaissance Thinking
• The focus changes from God Heaven (The
  afterlife) to
• Humanity and the Earth (The here now)
• 2) The desire to discover how things work (Math
  Science)
• 3) Humanism
• A doctrine or way of life that developed during
  the Renaissance which
• centered on human interests or values and human
  capabilities. (Instead of the Divine)
• 4) Individualism
• A Renaissance doctrine that the interests of the
  individual are of primary
• importance and that the individual has
  political and economic rights. It is concerned
  with an individuals accomplishments.
• 5) Secularism
• A change of concentration during the Renaissance
  from the struggle to
• attain Heaven to ones earthly existence (Ones
  position on Earth which is indifferent or
  excludes religion)

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The Rebirth of Ideas in Europe 13-1
I C. Changes in Art 1. During the Middle Ages
art looked formal stiff being mostly religious
subjects. 2. Renaissance Art, includes
nonreligious subjects, is more lifelike, faces
show emotion and backgrounds look
realistic. 3. Perspective is the technique
allowing the artist to show a difference
between things close up or far away. 4.
Artists are thought of as craftworkers, and form
groups of artists, or guilds, which
controlled both who worked and the subject. 5.
Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519 CE.) was a
scientist, engineer, inventor, philosopher,
writer and artist. He sketched plants, animals,
bones muscles and painted the Mona
Lisa. 6. Michelangelo Buonarroti was a painter,
sculpture, and architect. Since his patron
was Pope Julius II most of this work is religious
in nature. He did sculptures of David Moses
and painted the Sistine Chapels ceiling. D.
The Spread of Ideas 1. Johannes Gutenberg uses a
printing press with movable type, of
interchangeable single letters of the alphabet.
More people now have books because printing
becomes easier and books become cheaper
affordable. 2. William Shakespeare writes poems
plays for royalty, nobles, and ordinary
people who crowd Londons Globe Theater to see
them.
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The Rebirth of Ideas in Europe 13-1
I E. Revolution in Science 1. The questioning
spirit of the Renaissance lead scientist to
explore how the physical world works. They
used the scientific method which required ideas
to be tested through observation
experimentation. 2. In the 1500s CE. Nicolaus
Copernicus calculated that the earth revolves
around the sun, which disputed the church
teachings that the earth was the center of
the solar system. 3. In the 1600s CE. Galileo
Galilei proved Copernicuss theory by using a
telescope, an instrument which made faraway
objects seem close. 4. In 1687 Isaac Newton an
English Mathematician wrote a book explaining
that gravity, which held objects to the Earth,
was the same force that keeps the planets
circling the sun.
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Famous Renaissance People

• Directions Match the Person with the achievement
• 1. ___ Johannes Gutenberg (1455)
• 2. ___ Shakespeare
• 3. ___ Nicolas Copernicus
• 4. ___ Galileo Galilei
• 5. ___ Isaac Newton
• 6. ___ Leonardo da Vinci (1452 -1519)
• 7. ___ Michelangelo Buonarroti
• Directions Number These Events in Their Proper
  Order
• ___
• ___
• ___
• ___
• ___
• ___

• a) Gravity
• b) David the Sistine Chapel
• c) The Telescope
• d) English Playwright
• e) Printing Press movable type
• f) Perspective the Mona Lisa
• g) The Earth revolves around the Sun

• The merchants of Venice do not have to pay taxes
  on goods traveling
• through Constantinople.
• b) Patrons support scholars and artists.
• c) The Bubonic Plague causes the knowledge of
  the Greeks to be lost.
• d) The 4th Crusade attacks Constantinople.
• e) Banking Merchant Families become very
  wealthy.
• f) The Ottoman Turks close Constantinople to
  all trade.

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Changes in Europe 13-2
II A. New Monarchies SPAIN 1. In 1469 CE.
King Ferdinand of Aragon and Queen Isabella of
Castile marry uniting their kingdoms. They
begin Reconquista, or a plan to reconquer
unify Spain by making it an all Catholic
country. (One Religion One Government) a)
They drive out the Moors (Muslims from North
Africa). b) They expel 200,000 Jews.
FRANCE 2) In 1461 CE. Louis XI became ruler
of a divided France. Although France
had won a hundred year war with England the
French people were tired of fighting
for the Nobles. a) He crushes the power of the
warring Nobles b) He granted the middle
merchants in every town special favors and
gained their support. (and taxes to support him
kingdom). ENGLAND 3) In 1485 CE. Henry
Tudor becomes King Henry VII after winning a
battle. To unite the country he
marries the niece of the family he conquered.
Then he moves against noble families who
still oppose him. a) he seizes their armies
their land. b) He chooses lesser nobles and
people from the middle class to help him
govern England.
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Changes in Europe 13-2
II B. Life In Europe 1. By 1500 CE. Most people
lived in small villages as tenant farmers for
Noble land owners. The poor lived in wood
huts with straw roofs. 2. By 1550 CE. Landowners
realized that raising sheep meant more profits
that farming the land. 3. Thousands of families
were thrown off the land as farmer were turned
over for pasture. 4. Unable to find work
uprooted people crowded into the towns and cities
and the newcomers willing to work for
almost nothing they displaced many who
already had a job. C. A Weaken Church D.
Reformation 1. In 1513 CE. One of the deMedici
family became Pope Leo X. a) He spent church
money on himself sold positions in the
church b) He sold indulgences, or pardons for
sin, to raise money. However these pardons
were for sins that might be committed in the
future. 2. A German priest Martin Luther was
shocked that money could buy forgiveness
from God. He believed the Bible held all
religious teachings. 3. On Oct. 31, 1517 Martin
Luther posted his 95 Theses listing complaints
against the church. 4. He as convicted of
heresy, or denying the beliefs of the Catholic
Church. 5. His followers were called Lutherans
and other Germans who protested against the
church became known as Protestants. 6. Many new
churches were formed to reform the church and
this movement is known as the Reformation.
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Prepare for the Test 13
Many changes occurred during the Renaissance.
List all the changes between the Middle Ages
the Renaissance ART __________________________
__________________________ LITERATURE ________
____________________________________________ RELI
GION __________________________________________
__________
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Persuasive Writing Prewriting Planner

• A. Introduction
• a. Hook
• b. Directly state the topic
• c. Opinion statement
• d. 3 Supporting Details To begin with,
  Furthermore, Most importantly.
• e. Bridge/Conclusion Allow me to further
  explain.
• B. Body Paragraphs 2 (Early Life), 3 (Adult
  Life), 4 (Importance)
• a) State Idea
• b) Evidence 1
• c) Evidence 2
• d) Bridge/Conclusion
• C. Conclusion
• a) Restate Topic
• b) Restate opinion
• c) Restate 3 ideas
• d) Clincher/Utopian view
• e) Thank audience.

Remember A person admitted To the Renaissance
Hall of Fame should show knowledge
or accomplishments in several intellectual
fields. You must Explain why your person should
be included by using facts from your research.
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Cosimo deMedici is one of the most influencial
people of the Italian Renaissance. He not only
belongs in the Renaissance Hall of Fame, but
should have a place of honor. To begin with the
Medici family became important leaders of the
Italian City-state of Florence under Cosimos
leadership and guidance. Furthermore, the
Medicis familys patronage of artists and
scholars is well known. And most importantly
their influence even extended to the Catholic
Church. Allow me to further explain that during
the Italian Renaissance the family of Cosimo
deMedici was the most powerful in all of
Florence.
Persuasive Writing Prewriting Planner

• A. Introduction
• a. Hook
• b. Directly state the topic
• c. Opinion statement
• d. 3 Supporting Details To begin with,
  Furthermore, Most importantly.
• e. Bridge/Conclusion Allow me to further
  explain.

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Cosimo deMedici is one of the most influencial
people of the Italian Renaissance. He not only
belongs in the Renaissance Hall of Fame, but
should have a place of honor. To begin with the
Medici family became important leaders of the
Italian City-state of Florence under Cosimos
leadership and guidance. Furthermore, the
Medicis familys patronage of artists and
scholars is well known. And most importantly
their influence even extended to the Catholic
Church. Allow me to further explain that during
the Italian Renaissance the family of Cosimo
deMedici was the most powerful in all of
Florence. In Florence the Medici was one of the
families involved in banking and commerce. Under
Cosimos leadership he increased the familys
great wealth and influence acquired by his father
Giovanni. He did not pursue luxury or excess, but
rather government involvement which soon gave the
family control of the city-state. They would
become the ruling dukes of Florence by 1534, but
the family was also interested in other things.
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Cosimo deMedici is one of the most influencial
people of the Italian Renaissance. He not only
belongs in the Renaissance Hall of Fame, but
should have a place of honor. To begin with the
Medici family became important leaders of the
Italian City-state of Florence under Cosimos
leadership and guidance. Furthermore, the
Medicis familys patronage of artists and
scholars is well known. And most importantly
their influence even extended to the Catholic
Church. Allow me to further explain that during
the Italian Renaissance the family of Cosimo
deMedici was the most powerful in all of
Florence. Cosimo deMedici also encouraged his
familys cultural interests and patronage of
artists and scholars. He invited Michelangelo to
stay at the family house, where he sculpted one
of his earliest works, a stone relief of a
battle. The family would also come to support
another great artist, inventor, and scientist in
Florence, Leonardo da Vinci. He also sought to
make his city-state the most beautiful on the
Italian Peninsula by encouraging architects in
the building of great libraries and marble
buildings.However, the family power and
influence extends much farther.
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Cosimo deMedici is one of the most influencial
people of the Italian Renaissance. He not only
belongs in the Renaissance Hall of Fame, but
should have a place of honor. To begin with the
Medici family became important leaders of the
Italian City-state of Florence under Cosimos
leadership and guidance. Furthermore, the
Medicis familys patronage of artists and
scholars is well known. And most importantly
their influence even extended to the Catholic
Church. Allow me to further explain that during
the Italian Renaissance the family of Cosimo
deMedici was the most powerful in all of
Florence. Although Cosimo deMedici was more
interested in the secular world around him, he
did not neglect religion. He gave huge sums of
money to the building of churches and chapels. In
fact the Medici family chapel was one of the most
beautiful in all of Florence. The family knew the
leader of the Roman Catholic Church was the Pope
and they eventually saw several of its members
become Pope Pope Leo X, Pope Clement VII, and
Pope Leo XI. So the familys power was felt not
just in the Italian city-states, but throughout
Europe.
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Cosimo deMedici is one of the most influencial
people of the Italian Renaissance. He not only
belongs in the Renaissance Hall of Fame, but
should have a place of honor. To begin with the
Medici family became important leaders of the
Italian City-state of Florence under Cosimos
leadership and guidance. Furthermore, the
Medicis familys patronage of artists and
scholars is well known. And most importantly
their influence even extended to the Catholic
Church. Allow me to further explain that during
the Italian Renaissance the family of Cosimo
deMedici was the most powerful in all of
Florence. Cosimo deMedici lead the Medici the
most important family of the Renaissance. He was
a government leader in his city-state of
Florence. He supported the artists Michelangelo
and Leonardo da Vinci. Even though he died in
1464 CE. his family could eventually even count
three Popes of the Roman Catholic Church among
its members. In a time when learning and
knowledge was highly valued and realistic art
glorified the human body, individual Renaissance
men, like Cosimo stand out. He deserves the place
of honor to be the first elected into our
Renaissance Hall of Fame. Thank you for your
support and your kind attention.
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The Northern Seas 12-3
II A. Viking Adventurers 1. During the 700 CE.
Scandinavia populations grew so quickly that
the land could not feed all the people. 2.
Sagas, or adventure stories, tell of how each
summer Vikings traveled in their fast,
narrow, flat-bottom longboats to steal food and
other items. 3. Their boats were powered by a
single sail and rowers so they could
attack at night or early morning. They killed all
who fought and carried off women
children to sell as slaves. 4. Later Vikings
began to settle on the lands they attacked. This
territorial expansion, or adding of new
lands, included Denmark, Iceland,
Greenland, and parts of Russia, England, France,
Scotland, Ireland. B. The Rus 1. Early in
the Viking Age raiders settled on the Baltic
shore of present day Latvia. They traveled
inland to the Dnieper and Volga rivers in
Russia and set up the trading centers of
Kiev Novgorod. 2. Besides trading goods the
Byzantine missionaries introduced them to
Christianity. 3. The Vikings (Rus) controlled
North Seas trade until early 1200 CE.
when 200 Northern European towns formed Hansas,
or cooperative trading groups. Using
wars and embargoes, or bans on trade, they the
kind of trade agreements they wanted.
Eventually one the Hanseatic League had
the monopoly in the North Sea Trade
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