Quantum computing hardware

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Quantum computing hardware
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http//qist.lanl.gov/qcomp_map.shtml
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Approaches
NMR (obsolete?) - David Cory, Ike Chuang
(MIT)Ion Trap David Wineland (NIST), Chris
Monroe (Michigan), Rainer Blatt (Innsbruck),
...Neutral Atom Phillipe Grangier (Orsay),
Poul Jessen (Arizona)Cavity QED - Jeff Kimble
(Caltech), Michael Chapman (GATech)Optical
Paul Kwiat (Illinois)Solid State too many to
mention a few? David Awschalom (UCSB), Duncan
Steel (Michigan)Superconducting Michel
Devoret (Yale), John Martinis (UCSB)"Unique
Phil Platzman (Bell Labs)
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QC implementation proposals
Bulk spin Resonance (NMR)
Atoms
Solid state
Optical
Linear optics
Cavity QED
Trapped ions
Optical lattices
Electrons on He
Semiconductors
Superconductors
Flux qubits
Charge qubits
Nuclear spin qubits
Electron spin qubits
Orbital state qubits
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Chapman Law
of entangled ions
year
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Chapman Law
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Chapman Law
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NMR
http//www.org.chemie.tu-muenchen.de/glaser/NMR.jp
g
http//www.physics.iitm.ac.in/kavita/qc.jpg
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http//qist.lanl.gov/qcomp_map.shtml
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http//cba.mit.edu/docs/05.06.NSF/images/factor.jp
g
15 5 x 3
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http//nodens.physics.ox.ac.uk/mcdonnell/wardPres
/wardPres.html
Ion Traps
http//www.physics.gatech.edu/ultracool/Ions/7ions
.jpg
http//www.nature.com/nphys/journal/v2/n1/images/n
phys171-f2.jpg
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Blinov, B U. of Washington Ba Haljan,
P Simon Fraser U. Yb Hensinger, W U. of
Sussex Ca Madsen, M Wabash College Ca
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UW ion trap QC lab
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Cirac-Zoller CNOT gate the classic trapped ion
gate
To create an effective spin-spin coupling,
control spin state is mapped on to the motional
bus state, the target spin is flipped according
to its motion state, then motion is remapped onto
the control qubit.
Z
H
H
??
??
Cirac and Zoller, Phys. Rev. Lett. 74, 4091 (1995)
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Neutral atoms
http//www.physics.gatech.edu/ultracool/
http//www.iqo.uni-hannover.de/ertmer/atoindex/
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Cold collision gates
Atoms trapped in optical lattices
Lattices move, atoms collide
Massively parallel operation gates on all pairs
of neighboring qubits at once... but no
individual addressability. Good for quantum
simulators
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Entanglement of atomic ensembles
E. Polzik, University of Aarhus
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http//www.nature.com/
Cavity QED
http//www2.nict.go.jp/
http//www.wmi.badw.de/SFB631/tps/dipoletrap_and_c
avity.jpg
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Photon-mediated entanglement
g
k
g
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http//focus.aps.org/
Optical
http//www.quantum.at/
http//www.qipirc.org/images/projects/image018.jpg
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Entangled-photon six-state quantum cryptography
(Paul G Kwiat)
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http//www.wmi.badw.de/SFB631/tps/DQD2.gif
Solid state
http//mcba2.phys.unsw.edu.au/mcba/hons02-1-12-fi
gb.jpg
http//groups.mrl.uiuc.edu/
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Semiconductor qubits
1 sec
Decoherence
Nuclear spin states
10-3 sec
Decoherence
Control
10-6 sec
Electron spin states
10-9 sec
Fast microprocessor
Control
10-12 sec
Decoherence
Orbital states
Control
10-15 sec
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Kane proposal
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Superconductors
www.physics.ku.edu
http//qt.tn.tudelft.nl/research/fluxqubit/qubit_r
abi.jpg
http//www-drecam.cea.fr/
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Josephson junction qubits
Flux qubit
Quantization of magnetic field flux inside the
loop containing several JJs
Quantization of electric charge (number of Cooper
pairs) trapped on an island sealed off by a
JJ. (0gt and 1gt states are 1000000 Cooper pairs
vs. 1000001 Cooper pairs)
Cooper pair box (charge qubit)
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Unique
Any other wild ideas???
http//www-drecam.cea.fr/Images/astImg/375_1.gif
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Quantum Computing Abyss(after D. Wineland)
theoretical requirements for useful QC
state-of-the-art experiments
? 5
gt1000
quantum bits
logic gates
lt100
gt109
noise reduction
error correction
?
new technology
efficient algorithms