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Mutation Breeding

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Title: Mutation Breeding


1
?????????????
  • Mutation Breeding

2
?????????????
  • ?????????????? ?????????????????????????????????
    ?????????????????? ?????????????????????
    ??????????

3
?????????????
  • ????????????????????
  • point mutation ??? deletion
  • UAU UAC UGU AAU AAA
  • Tyr Tyr Cys Asn Lys
  • UAU ACU GUA AUA AA
  • Tyr Thr Val Ile

4
?????????????
  • ??? insertion
  • UAU ACU GUA AUA AA
  • Tyr Thr Val Ile
  • UAU AUA CUG UAA UAA A
  • Tyr Ile Leu stop

5
?????????????
  • 2. chromosome mutation
  • deletion ???????? C ????????

A B C D E
A B D E
6
?????????????
  • insertion ???????? C ???????????

P Q R S T
P Q R S C T
7
?????????????
  • ????????? (inversion)

A B C D E
D
C
A B
E
A B D C E
8
?????????????
  • ?????????????????????????? 2 ????

A B C D E
X Y Z
A B C Z
X Y D E
9
?????????????
  • 3. genome mutation
  • ploidy level change
  • 4. extranucleus mutation
  • ???????????????????????????????
    ??????????????????????? ????
  • ??????????? ?????????????

10
?????????????
  • ?????????????????????????????????
  • ?? 2 ???????????
  • ???????????
  • ?????????????

11
?????????????
  • ???????????
  • X-ray
  • ????????? ???????????????? ????????????????????
    ??????
  • ????????????????? e- ?????????????????? ????? Mo
    or Tangsten ??????????

12
?????????????
  • 2. Gamma-ray
  • ????????????? ??????????????????????????????????
    ???????? ?????? Cobalt-60 or Cesium-137
    ????????????????????? ??????????????????????

13
?????????????
  • 3. Neutron
  • ???????????????????? Uranium-235 ?? atomic
    reactor ??????????????????? ??????????????????????
    ?????????

14
?????????????
  • 4. Beta-radiation
  • ???????????????? ???????? P-32 ???? C-14
    ??????????????????????? x-ray ??? gamma-ray

15
?????????????
  • 5. Ultraviolet radiation
  • ????????????????????????????? 250-290 nm
    ???????????????????????????? ????????????????
    ?????????????????? ??????????????
    ???????????????????????

16
???????????
  • ???????????? (Acute Application)
  • ???????????????????????????????????????????
    ??????? ????-??.
  • ???? 300 Gy ????? 5 ????

17
???????????
  • 2. ???????????? (Chronic Application)
  • ????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ?????????????????????? ???????-?????
  • ???? ????????????????????? 300 Gy
    ?????????????????? 1 Gy/???

18
?????????????????
G
???????????????? ?????????????????????????????????
?????????
19
???????????
  • ??
  • ????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ??? ??????????????????????????????????????????????
    ????????????????????????????????????????????
    DNA ???????

20
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21
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22
?????????????
  • ?????????????
  • ??????????? 7 ???????????? ???????????????
    ?????????????????? ???? ?????? ???????????????????
    ????????????????????

23
?????????????
  • ?????????????
  • Base analogues
  • 5- bromo-uracil, 2-aminopurine
  • 2. Antibiotics
  • Azaserine, mitomycin C, streptonigrin,
    antiomycin D

24
?????????????
  • ?????????????
  • 3. Akylating agents
  • sulfur mustards
  • nitrogen mustards
  • epoxides

25
?????????????
  • ethyleneimines
  • sulfate, sulfonates
  • diazonalkanes
  • nitroso compounds
  • 4. Azide
  • Sodium azide

26
?????????????
  • ?????????????
  • 5. Hydroxylamine
  • 6. Nitrous acid
  • 7. Acridines

27
?????????????
  • ??????????????????
  • ?????????????????????????????????
  • ??????????????????????????
  • ????????????????????????????

28
?????????????
  • ????????????????????????
  • ?????????????????????????????????
  • pH ??????????? ????????????????????
  • ???????????????? ???????????????????

29
?????????????
  • ????????????????????????
  • 4. ???????????????? deionized water
  • 5. half life ??? ?????????????????

30
?????????????
  • ?????????????????
  • ????? ??????????????????????????????????????????
    ????????????????????? ????????????????????

31
?????????????
  • ?????
  • ????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ?? ??control???? ?????????????????????????????????
    ? ?????????????????????????????????????????

32
(No Transcript)
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