Cell Reproduction

1
Cell Reproduction

• P_____________ (Bacteria)
• E_____________ (Plants animals)

2
Prokaryotes

• ___________ (does not have) a nucleus
• Have a ________ chromosome
• Reproduce by ___________ ___________
• Include bacteria

EQ How would be able to identify a prokaryote
under a microscope? What would you look for to
see if is missing?
3
Steps in Binary Fission

• Used by bacteria
• Cells __________ their cell mass slightly
• _________ _________________ are replicated
  (make more than one copy)
• Each cell divides into ____________________

EQ Many daughter cells are the produced in
binary fission?
4
Binary Fission of Bacterial Cell
Note the two cells splitting apart into daughter
cells.
5
E. Coli Dividing by Binary Fission
E.Coli is found in your intestines and helps
digest certain foods. If it divides two quickly
or grows out of control, you can get very sick.
6
Eukaryotes

• Contain a nucleus membrane bound organelles
• Asexually reproduce cells by mitosis

EQ Vocabulary Application- The first letter A
in asexual means what? __________
7
Cell Cycle

• Stages in growth division
• _______ Phase
• _______Phase
• _______Phase
• _______Phase
• C____________

8
G1 Phase

• _______ growth stage
• C_______________________
• Cell prepares to _____its ______

9
Synthesis Phase

• Copying of all of DNAs instructions
• Chromosomes duplicated

EQ What is made during the Synthesis Phase of
the Cell Cycle?
10
____ Phase

• Time between DNA synthesis mitosis
• Cell continues ____________
• Needed __________________

11
M Phase (Mitosis and Meiosis) fastest part of
cell cycle

• Cell growth protein production _______
• Cells energy used to make _______________
• Called M_______ or K______________ (nuclear
  division)

12
Life Cycle of a Cell
Mitosis is a cycle with no beginning or end.
EQ Why is Mitosis called a cycle?
13
Interphase Resting Stage (This includes G2, G1
and S stage of the Cell Cycle)

• Cells carrying on normal activities
• Chromosomes arent visible
• Cell metabolism is occurring
• Occurs _______________________

14
Interphase
In these plant cells, there are no visual changes
in the chromosomes.
15
Stages of Mitosis

• Prophase
• Metaphase
• Anaphase
• Telophase

16
Cells Undergoing Mitosis
EQ Examine the Interphase slide that was
previously shown, how does this slide look
different? Explain.
17
Steps in Prophase

• DNA coils tightly ____________________ as
  ______________
• Nuclear membrane disappears
• Nuceolus disappears
• _______________ migrate to poles
• ___________ begins to form

EQ During what phase of Mitosis are the
chromosomes visible?
18
Prophase
19
Eukaryotic Chromosome
EQ On your paper, draw and label the part of a
Eukaryotic Chromosome (you will see this again in
genetics).
20
Human Chromosomes
EQ Most of these chromosomes on this KARYOTYPE
are homologous structures. You can tell because
the pairs have the ____________ shape and size.
(What does the prefix homo mean.
21
Steps in Metaphase

• Spindle fibers from centrioles attach to each
  chromosome
• Cell preparing to separate its chromosomes
• Cell ________ its chromosomes in the ________ of
  the cell (called the equator)

What do you think the chromosomes will look like
during Metaphase?
22
Metaphase
EQ Where you right? Discuss why? What do you
see in this slide?
23
Steps in Anaphase

• Cell chromosomes are ______________
• Spindle fibers shorten so chromosomes
  ________________________
• EQ Look at the first letters of the word
  Anaphase, what do you think the A or ana
  refers to about the chromomsomes?

24
Mitotic Spindle
25
Anaphase
EQ On your paper, draw the plant cell that is
displaying the chromosomes moving to the poles.
26
Steps in Telophase

• Separation of chromosomes ____________
• Cell _______________(plants)
• Cleavage furrow forms (animals)
• ___________ ____________reform
• Chromosomes ______________

27
Telophase
Animal
       Plant            
Look Notice the two nucleus in one cell. This
is the ONLY time during cell division where two
nucleus are in one cell.
28
Cytokinesis

• Occurs after chromosomes separate
• Forms two, identical __________________________

29
Cytokinesis
Cell Plate Forming in Plant Cells