?.?.?. ???????? ?.?. (email: egrinkrug@hse.ru) - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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?.?.?. ???????? ?.?. (email: egrinkrug@hse.ru)

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Title: ?.?.?. ???????? ?.?. (email: egrinkrug@hse.ru)


1

????????-??????????????? ?????? ?
????????????????
?????? 1. ???????? ? ????????-??????????????
???????????????? ? ???? Java
?.?.?. ???????? ?.?. (email egrinkrug_at_hse.ru)
2
???????? ? ????????-???????????????
????????????????
  • ??? ????? ???????????????? ???????????? ?????????
    ?????????? (???????????? ??????, ????????? ?
    ??????? ??????)
  • ???? ?????????? ???????????? ????????? ??????????
    ??????
  • ???????????? ????? (Fortran, ? ? ??.)
    ???????????? ?????????? ?????? ?????????? (? ??,
    ? ?????? ??????? ???????? ? ???????? ??????????,
    ? ?? ???????? ?????? ??????????? ????????????
    ?????????????? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ?
    ??????? ???????-???????????????? ?????)
  • ?????????-??????????????? ????? ?????????????
    ?? ??????? ????? ????????????? ??????, ???
    ??????? ??? ???? ???????? ??????????, ?? ??? ??
    ?????? ???????? ??? ????? ?????? ???????
  • ????????-??????????????? ????? ???? ???????????
    ??? ????????????? ????????? ?????????? ???????
    ??? ????????, ??????????? ? ??????? ??????
    ???????? (???????? ??????????). ???????? ????????
    ? ???????? ?????????? ???????, ? ?? ? ????????
    ??????????, ????????????? ??? ??????????. ?????
    ?????? ????? ???????????? ?????????? ???????? ?
    ???????? ????.

3
?????????????? ????????-???????????????? ?????
(?????????????? ??? ??-????? Smalltalk
??????????????? Java)
  • ??? ???????? ????????, ????????? ?????????
    ???????? ??? ????????
  • ????????? ??? ???????????? ????????,
    ??????????? ???? ?????, ??? ??????, ???????????
    ????????? (??????? ???????)
  • ?????? ?????? ????? ??????????? ??????, ????????
    ????????? ?? ?????? ????????
  • ?????? ?????? ????? ???, ???????????? ?????????
    ?????????, ??????? ????? ???????? ??????? ???????
    ????
  • ??? ??????? ??????? ???? ????? ????????
    ?????????? ?????????.

4
??????????? ????????????? ??????? (???)
  • ?????? ???????? ??????????, ??????????,
    ?????????????????.
  • ??? - ????? ????? ??????????? (??? ?????????????
    ??????? ? ?????).
  • ? ???????????????? (computer science)
    ???????????? ?????? object-based (language) ???
    ???????? ??
  • ???????????? ?????????? ????????-????????????????
    ????????????????, ??? ??????? ???? ??? ????? ??
    ???????????
  • ??? ????????????
  • ??? ????????????
  • ?? ??? ???????? ???????? ?????????.
  • ?????? Visual Basic.
  • Prototype-based ??????????? (??????? ?? ????????
    ???????????? ???? / ??????).
  • ?????? JavaScript.

5
??????? ??? ? ?????
  • ?????????? ???????? ??????? ? ??????????????
    (?????? ????????? ??????? ?????????????
    ??????????? ??????????, ???????????????
    ?????????? ??????, ????? ???, ????? ????,
    ...)
  • ????????????? ????? ? ?????? ???????? ????
    (???????? ??? ???????? ? ????????????? ???
    ????????? ???????? ?????)
  • ????????? ????, ??? ??? ???????, ??????
    ???????????, ???????????????? ?? ??????? ?????
    ????????????? ? ???????? ?????????, ???? ???????
    ??????????? ? ?????? ????????-???????????????
    ????? Simula-67 (??????????????? ??? Simulation
    - ????????????? ????????? ????, ?????? ????????,
    - ? 1967 ?.) ??????????? ???????, ?????????? ??
    ????, ????? ??????????? ????????? ?? ?????
    ?????????? ?????????, ???????????? ? ?????
    ????????. Class ??? ??????????? ??????
    ??????? ??????????? ? Simula-67.
  • ? ?????????? ??????? ??? ? ????? ????????????
    ??? ????????????? ?????????? ? ??????????
    ?????????????? (? ????????...).

6
???????? ?????????? ????? ??????
??????????????? ??????? ????????-????????????????
????????????????
  • ????? ???????????? ????????? ??????????
    ?????????? ? ???????????? ????? ???????? ?
    ?????????????? ???
  • ??? ???????? ??????????, ??? ??????? ????????? ??
    ?????????, ?.?. ?????????? ??????????? ? ????
  • ? ?? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ????????
    ????????????????? ? ????? ???? ???????????
    ??????????????? ????????? ? ?????????, ???
    ???????? ????????????? ? ????????
    ????????????????
  • ????????????? ???????? ????????? ??????????
    ?????? ???????? ? ??????????? ????????????????
    (???????? ??????) ? ?????????? (?????????????????)
  • ????? ???????? ????????? ??? ??? ?????? (???????
    ???? ?????????????? ? ??????????? ?????????)
  • ??????????? ????????? ???? ???????????????? ???
    ???????????? ????? ??????, ????????? ???????,
    ??????????? ??? ????????????? ???????? ???????
    ??????.

7
????????? ? ??????????
  • Model-driven development / software engineering
    ??????????? ?????????? ?????????, ???????
    ???????????? ?? ???????? ???????, ??? ??????????,
    ????? ???????????? ? ?????????? ??????????
    ?????????? ???????, ??? ? ??????????
    ?????????????? (???????????????) ??????????
  • ????????-??????????????? ????????????????
    ???????????? ????????? ???? ???????????
    ?????????? ??????? ???????????????? (?????
    ????????????????)
  • ????????, ??????? ?? ?????????? ??????? ?????
    ???????????? ???????, ?????????? ?????????
    ???????
  • ????????? ???????????? ??????? ????, ????????????
    ???????? ??????????, ? ???? ??? ???????????? ?
    ??????????? ????? ??????? (???????) ?
    ???????????? ?? ???????? ????????????? ??? ????
    ???????.

8
?????? ?????????? ????????? ?????
  • ????? ?????? ? ??????????????
  • ???????????? ?????????????? ?????????
  • ???????? ????????????? ??????????? ?????????
  • ???????? ??????????????? ?????????
  • ???????? ????????? ? ????????????? ????.

?????? ????? ??????? ??????????
  • ????? ?????? ? ??????????????
  • ????????? ????????????? ?? ?????????? ??????? ?
    ????????
  • ????????? ???????? ?????????? ??? ?????????
    ?????? ????????
  • ???????? ?????????? ?? ????????? ?? ???????
    ???????
  • ???????? ????????? ? ????????????? ????.

9
????????? ????????????? ??????????
  • ???????????? ? ???????????????? ????? ????? ????
    ???????? ?????? ???? ?????? ????????????????
    ??? ????? ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ????????
  • ????????????????? ???? ???? ?? ?????????
    ??????????? ????????-????????????????
    ????????????????.
  • ??????? ?????????? ????????????? ????
  • ????????? ???????????? ?????? (???????? ?????
    ????????)
  • ????????? ??????? ? ?????????? ??????? (member
    object) ?? ???? ?????????? (composition) ???
    ?????????????? (aggregation), ??? ???????????
    ?????????? has-a (a car has an engine)
  • ???????????? (????? ?????? ??????, ??? ???
    ????????? ?? ??????????).

10
????????????
  • ??????????? ?????? ? ???????????????? ? ?????
    ????????? ????????? ? ?????????????????????
    ?????????? ???????
  • ?????? ????????? ??????? ????????? ????????
    ?????? ??????? ?? ????????
  • ???????? ????????? ?????????????? ??????? ???????
    (????????????, ???????????? ???????)
  • ????????? ??????????? ? ?????????????? ??????
    (???????????, ???????? ?????????)
  • ??????? ??? ???????? ??? ?????????????? ?
    ????????, ????? ??? ???? ?????, ?????????????? ??
    ????.

????????? ? prototype-based ??????, ???
??????????? ??????? ??????, ???????????? ????????
? ???????? ??????? ???????????? ??????? ??
????????????? ??????? (JavaScript)
11
????????????
  • ??????????? ??? ????????? ????????? ????????
    ????
  • ??????????? ????? ???????? ??????? ???????
    ???????? ??????
  • ???????? ????? ????????? ??? ???????, ??? ?
    ????????? ???????? ???????
  • ??? ???????? ??????? ? ?????????? ??????? ?????
    ???????????? ????????...
  • ??? ??????? ???????? ???????
  • ?????????? ?????? ???????
  • ??????????????? ??????? (????????? ?????????).

?????????? ??? ???? ????? ?????????????? ??????
?????????? ?????????...
12
????????? ???????? ? ????????-?????(IS-A ?
IS-LIKE-A)
  • ??????? ?????? (is-a, ????????) ???? ?????
    ???????? ?????? ???????????????? ???????, ??
    ??????? ? ??????????? ????? ????? ??????????
    ?????????, ? ?? ??????? ??????????????? (???,
    ????????, USB-?????? ?????? ??????????????).
  • ??????? ?????????? (is-like-a,
    ????????-?????) ???? ????? ????? ?????????
    ???????????? ??????? ? ????? ??????????, ??
    ??????? ?????? ? ??????? ?????? ???????????????
    ? ???? ??????? (????????, ???????? ???????????
    ??? ??????????? ????? USB-???? ???????? ?????
    ???????, ?? ?? ? ???? ?? ????? ???????????????)
  • ??????????? ???????? ?????????? ????????? ?????
    ?????????? ????? ?????, ? ???????? ??????? ??? ??
    ????? ????????? ????? ??????? ????????
    (???????????), ???????? ??????????? ????????? ?
    ??????? ????????? ????????? ??.

13
?????? ? ??????? ??????????
  • ??? ??????? ????????? ? ??????? ???????????? ????
    ??? ? ??????? ???????? ???? ??????????? ?? ?????
    - ? ?????????? ?? ????? - ????? ???????, ?????
    ????????? ??? ????? ???????? (??? ??????????? ???
    ?????????? ?????????)
  • ?????? ????????? (early binding) ?????
    ??????????? ???????? (??????) ????????? ?
    ????????? ??????????????? ?? ?????????? ?????????
    (???????????? ? ?????????? ??????)
  • ??????? ?????????? (late binding) ????? ?
    ?????????? ????????? ??????????????? ???????????,
    ?? ????? ?????????? (? ????? ?? ???? ????????
    ?????)
  • ??????? ?????????? ???????????????? ?????????
    ?????????? ???, ???????? ????????? ???????????.

14
?????????? ? ?????????? ?????????????? ?????
  • ?????????????? ????? ???????????? ? ????????
    ??? ???????? ????? ????
  • ?????????? ?????????????? ????? (upcasting)
    ???????????? ???????? ???????????? ???? ???
    ???????? ???????? ???? (???????? ????? ??
    ????????? ????????????)
  • ?????????? ?????????????? ????? (downcasting)
    ???????????? ? ???????? ??? ?????????????? ?????
    ??????????? ????.

15
????????? ????????????
  • ??????????? ??? ????????-??????????????? ?????
    (????? ?) ???????????? ????????? ????????????
    (singly rooted inheritance hierarchy) ???????
  • ??? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ???????? ?????
    ????? Object
  • ??? ??????? ?????????????? ???????? ????? ???????
    ?????????????????, ? ???? ????? ???????????
    ???????????? ???????? ????????, ??? ???????? ??
    ?????????? ? ?????????????, ? ??????
  • ???????????? ????????
  • ?????? ??????
  • ????????? ?????????????? ????????.

16
???????? ? ??????????? ????????
  • ???????? ??????? ?????????????? ?????????? ???
    ?????? ????? ?????? ?????????? ????????, ??????
    ???? ??????????.
  • ?????? ???????? ?????????????? ???????????
  • ??????? ????????? ???????????? ?????????? ?????
    ????? (??????????????),
  • ?????? ?????????? ?? ????? ???? (heap) ,
  • ?????????? ? ???? ??????????? ???????? ??
    ???????? ?? ??????? ?????????.
  • ?????? ???????? ????????????? ? ???????
    ???????????? ????????? ?????? ?????? (garbage
    collection), ???????
  • ??????????, ????? ?????? ??????? ????? ????
    ???????????
  • ?????????? ???????????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ??
    ????????????
  • ??????? ??????????? ?????? ?????? (memory leak),
    ?? ?? ??????????? ?? ???.

17
????????? ???????????????? (???? ?????? ?? ????
??????? ????????????? ????????????????)
  • ??????????? ????????? ??????????? ???????????
    ??????????? ???? ??????? ?????? ??
  • ???????????? ???????,
  • ???????????? ?? ???????????? ??????? ??????
  • ???????? ????????????????
  • ??????????? ???????? ?? ????? ??????????.
  • ? ?????????? ????????-???????????????? ?? ???
    ???????? ?????????
  • ???????????? ??????? ??????????
    ????????-???????????????? ?????????? ?????????
    ?????? ????????????????
  • ????????-??????????????? ????? ????????????????
    ???????? ?????????? ? ??? ???????????? ????????
    ???????????? ??????.

18
???? ??????? ?????
  • ????????, ??? ???? ????????-???????????????
    ???????????????? ????????? ? ????? Java
  • ??????? ???????????? ???????????????? ?? Java
    ???????? ?????? ??????????? ? ????????? ?????
    ????? ????????????????
  • ???????? ?????? ??? ??????????? ????????
    ????????????? ??????????, ???????????? ?? Java
  • ???????? ???????????????? ????????????
    ????????????????, ??? ???????? ???? ?? ??????????
    ????????? ??? ?????????????.
  • ?????? ????????? ??????? ???? ????????? ?????
    ????????? ?? ???????? ???? ???????? ? ????...

19
???????? ? Java
  • ??????? ????????? ????? Java
  • ? 1991 ?. ?????? ?????? ? ?????? ??????? ?? Sun
    ?????????? ? ?????????? ????? ???
    ???????????????? ???????????? ????????????
    ??????? ?????????? TV (??? embedded software -
    ??? ????????? ????????????????? ? ?????????
    ???????), ???? ??????? ???????? Green (??.???????
    ??????? ??? Oak ???, ?? ????? ??????????, ???
    ???? ? ????? ????????? ??? ????, ? ???
    ????????????? ? Java ???????? ????????? ????)
  • ??? ????????????? ?? ??????????? ????????????????
    ? ?????? ???? ???????? ????????? ???????????
    ??????
  • ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ?????????? (?????? ??
    1994 ?.) ???????, ??? ????????????? ????? ??
    ????????, ???????????? ????????? ???????? ??
    ????????????? ??????? Green, ??? ???? ?????
    (????? ?????????? ???????? Netscape ?????????
    ??????????? ?? Java)
  • ? 1994 ? ????????? www ???????????? web-browser
    (html ? ??????????? ?? ??????)???????????
    ????????????? ????????? browser Mosaic ??????????
    ???????????? ??.???????? (1993 ??? ????
    ????????? ?????? ????? ???????????, ??????? - ???
    ?????? ?????????? Netscape)
  • ? 1995 ???? ??? ?????????? browser HotJava,
    ?????????? ? Java ???????? ???????.
  • ?????? ?????? ????? java ?? ????? Sun ????????? ?
    1996 ???? (Java 1.0)
  • (??? ? 1996 ? ??? ???????? ???????? ????????? ??
    java ? ???????? Paragraph)

20
????????????? ???????????? ??????
???????????????? ?????? ?????????(?????? 2006
?.)
21
???????? ????????????
22
  • ???????? Java ????????? (???????? ????)
  • ?????? Java 1.1 (1996-1997) ??????????????????
    ?????, ?????????, ????????? MS Java VM,
    ?????????? ? MS IE
  • ?????? Java 1.2 (1998) Java 2 Standard Edition
    Software Development Kit Version 1.2 (J2SE SDK),
    ????????? Micro Edition, Enterprise Edition,
    ?????? write once run everywhere
  • ?????? Java 1.3 ? 1.4 ????????????????
    ?????????, ?????????? ? ????????? ?????????
    ???????????
  • ?????? 5 ? 6 (? ????????? ?????)
    ????????????????? ?????, ??????????? ??????,
    ????????? (????????? ????????? ?????? ?????????
    1. ???????)
  • ?? ??????? Java 7

23
(No Transcript)
24
(No Transcript)
25
??????????? ???????????????? ?? Java
  • Java ????????? ??????????? ??????????? ???????
    (jvm). ?????????? ?????????????? ?????????? jvm
    (?? ??????? ?????? ?? ???, ??? ? ??? ?
    ?????????), ???? ?????????? ??????????? ??? ????
    ???????? ???????????? ??????, ?? ?????
    ???????????? Java Development Kit (JDK) ???
    Windows (????? ?????? ?????? ?????????? Java
    Software Development Kit (Java SDK))
  • ??? ????? ???????????? Java 2SE (Java 2 Standard
    Edition) ??????????? ? http//java.sun.com/j2se
    (?? ??????? ???, ??? ????? ?? ????? ???????)
  • ????? ????????? ???????????? ?????????????? ??
    ?????? ???? (?????) ???????, ??? ????
    Java-????????? ????? ???????? ??? ??????
    ????????????? ?????????.

26
  • ?????? ????????, ??? java-?????? ? java runtime
    environment (jre) ? ????? ??????? ??? ????
    ?????? ?????????, ???????????? java, ????????
    ?? ? ????? (?? ???? ?????? ???????????? ?????????
    ????????? ?????? ?????? java)
  • ??? ??????????? ? Windows ?????? ??????? ????????
    ????????? ? ??????????, ??????? ?????? ? ?????
    (?????? ????????? ? Program Files ?????
    ????????????? ????? ? ?????? - ??? ??????
    ???????)
  • ????? ????????? ???? ? ?????????? ???? ?????????,
    ? ????? java ?? ????? ????

27
  • ???? ??????? ??????, ???? ???????????
  • ???-?? ?? ??? ???????????? (????????? ?????????)
  • ??? ???? ????????? ?????? java ?????, ??? ?????
    ?????????/????????? ? ??????? ??????????? ?
    ??????????? ????????? (PATH, JAVA_HOME) ???
    ?????????? ??????? ?????????? (??? ??????
    ????).
  • Sun ????????????? ??? ??????????? ???????? ?????
    (? ???? ??? ????? ?????????? jvm, ???????????, ?
    ?.?. ?? ??????????? ????????? ????????????
    ?????? ??? ?????????? ??????????)
  • ?????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????????
    java-????????????????? ? ???????????? ????????
    java-????????????

28
??? ????????????
  • README.html ?????? ??? ????????? ???? ??????
    ?? Java
  • Src.zip ??? ?????? ???????? ?????
  • bin ??? .exe ????? ???????????? JDK
  • lib ??????????? ??????????
  • demo, sample ???????????????? ????????? ?
    ???????
  • JRE runtime environment (??? ??????????????)
  • Include header-????? ??? ??????????
    ?????????????????? ?????????

29
Java SE 6
30
?????? ? ????????? ???????
  • ????????? ???????? ??????
  • ?????????? Java application

31
Integrated Development Environments
  • ?? ????????? ???? ????????? ??? ??????????
    ?????????????? ????????????? ????? ??????????
    (???? ?????? ?????????, ???????? ????????? ? ????
    ????? ?/??? ??????)
  • Borland JBuilder,
  • MS Java,
  • CosmoCode (CosmoSoftware, SiliconGraphics),
  • Oracle JDeveloper,
  • IBM VisualAge For Java,
  • Eclipse,
  • Sun NetBeans,
  • JetBrains IntellyJ IDEA.
  • ??? ????? IDEA http//www.jetbrains.com (????
    ?? ????? ???????)

32
????????? IntellyJ IDEA
  • ?????????? ??? ?????? ????? ???????? JetBrains
    ???????????? ???????? (???? ?? ????? ??????) for
    free ?????? ?? thanks a lot!

33
???????????? (applications, applets)
  • Java application
  • Java applet

34
????? ??????? ?????????? ?? ???????
  • ????????? ????????? ? ??????? ?????????????
    ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ?????. ??? ?? ????????
    ??????????????? ? ????????????? ? ???? ?????,
    ????? ???????!
  • ?? ????? ??????? ???????
  • ?????
  • ???????? ??????? ????????? ?????????? ????? ?
    The Java Language Specification (3d edition)
  • ??????????? ???????????
  • ??????? ? ??????????

35
QA
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