Imperialism in China

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Imperialism in China
An individual should not have too much freedom.
A nation should absolute freedom.  Sun Yat-Sen
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1. Why was China uninterested in Western
products? (335)

• Pride in their Ancient Culture, looked down on
  foreigners.
• Already had everything they needed and didnt
  want or need the strange objects and gadgets
  from the West.

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2. How was China able to remain self-sufficient?
(335)

• Strong Agricultural society new crops from the
  west population boom
• Mining, manufacturing, and raw materials.

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3. How did China keep the balance of trade in
their favor? What product changed this to favor
the British? (336)

• Only allowed one trading port
• British imported millions of pounds of tea per
  year and paid in Silver.
• British began to trade then smuggle opium into
  China.
• By 1835, 12 million Chinese addicted to opium.

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4. What does Emperor Lin Zexu ask Queen Victoria
in Chinas Response to the West? (336)

• If you dont allow Opium use in England, why do
  you allow your merchants to bring it to China?

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5. Why was Britain able to dominate the Chinese
in the Opium War? (336)

• Steam powered gunboats and sophisticated cannons.

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6. What were the two main outcomes of the Opium
War? (336)

• Britain gains the island of Hong Kong
• US and other foreign citizens could now trade at
  five ports in China

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7. What internal problems affected China during
the mid-nineteenth century? (337)

• starvation, flooding, corruption in government,
  opium addiction increased

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8. What was Hong Xiuquans vision of China? (337)

• All Chinese people would share Chinas vast
  wealth and no one would live in poverty.
  (socialism anyone?)

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9. What was the result of Taiping Rebellion? (337)

• Farmland destroyed, 20 million people died,
  internal pressure on the Chinese government, Epic
  Fail

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10. Why did the United States declare the Open
Door Policy in China? (338)

• To prevent China from being divided into formal
  colonies and protect American trading rights.

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11. What changes did Emperor Guangxu try to make
in 1899? (338)

• Overhaul the education system, strengthening the
  economy, modernizing the military, and
  streamlining the government

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12. Why did the Boxer Rebellion occur? (339)

• Poor peasants and workers were resentful of the
  special privileges granted to foreigners
• Resented Chinese Christians, who were protected
  by foreign missionaries.

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13. What is the main result of the Boxer
Rebellion? (339)

• Strong sense of nationalism emerged in China

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14. What was the recommendation of the Chinese
officials to the Dowager Empress? (339)

• Restructure the government to a constitutional
  monarchy

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15. What are the Three Principles of the
People? (401)

• Nationalism- an end to foreign control
• Peoples rights- democracy
• Peoples livelihood- economic security for all
  Chinese

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16. Who suffers the most during times of unrest?
(401)

• The peasants

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17. How did the Treaty of Versailles affect
China? (402)

• Japan gained control of the territories
  previously controlled by Germany

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18. What is the significance of the May Fourth
Movement? (402)

• It showed the Chinese peoples commitment to the
  goal of establishing a strong modern nation.

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19. What did the young Chinese favor instead of
Western democracy? (402)

• Lenins brand of Soviet communism

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20. Why did Sun Yixian become disillusioned with
the West? (402)

• they refused to support his struggling government

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21. How did Lenin aid the Chinese? (402)

• Sent military advisers and equipment, trained
  Chinese Nationalist leaders in Moscow

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22. Who did Mao think could be the true
revolutionaries and why? (403)

• Peasants, they are like raging wind and driving
  rain, that becomes increasingly violent. Nothing
  can stop them

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How did China responded to imperialistic pressure
from the west (mid 1800s)?

• The Chinese tried to block imperialism, they
  fought against it (Opium War), unwillingly
  accepted it (Treaty of Nanjing, open door policy)
  had internal rebellions to try to change the
  government (Taiping and Boxer Rebellions) turned
  its back on the West and adopted communism.

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Why did Chinese imperial rule eventually collapse?

• Adoption of Communism, Civil War, Japanese
  invasion, Start of World War II