Figurative Language

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Figurative Language

• Figuring it Out

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Figurative and Literal Language

• Literally words function exactly as defined
• The car is blue.
• He caught the football.
• Figuratively figure out what it means
• Ive got your back.
• Youre a doll.
• Figures of Speech

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Simile

• Comparison of two things using like or as.
• Examples
• The metal twisted like a ribbon.
• She is as sweet as candy.

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Important!

• Using like or as doesnt make a simile.
• A comparison must be made.
• Not a Simile I like pizza.
• Simile The moon is like a pizza.

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Metaphor

• Two things are compared without using like or
  as.
• Examples
• All the world is a stage.
• Men are dogs.
• She has a stone heart.

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Personification

• Giving human traits to objects or ideas.
• Examples
• The sunlight danced.
• Water on the lake shivers.
• The streets are calling me.

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Hyperbole

• Exaggerating to show strong feeling or effect.
• Examples
• I will love you forever.
• My house is a million miles from here.
• Shed kill me.

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Understatement

• Expression with less strength than expected.
• The opposite of hyperbole.
• Ill be there in one second.
• This wont hurt a bit.

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How toIdentify Figurative Language
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Is it a comparison between two things?
Yes
No
Does it use like or as?
Are they exaggerating too much or too little?
Yes
No
No
Yes
Simile
Metaphor
Object or idea doing human things?
?
Too Little?
Too Much?
Yes
No
Hyperbole
Understatement
Personification
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Poetic Devices

• The Sounds of Poetry

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Alliteration

• When the first sounds in words repeat.
• Example
• Peter Piper picked a pickled pepper.
• We lurk late. We shoot straight.

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Assonance

• Assonance is the repetition of vowel sounds. It
  is often used in combination with consonance and
  alliteration.
• Example
• He saw the cost and hauled off.
• Notice the repetition of the awe sounds?
  (Depending on your dialect I suppose). Assonance
  can be subtle and may go unnoticed if youre not
  scanning for it.

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Consonance

• When consonants repeat in the middle or end of
  words.
• Vowels a, e, i, o, u, and sometimes y.
• Consonants all other letters.
• Examples
• Mammals named Sam are clammy.
• Curse, bless me now! With fierce tears I prey.

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Enjambment

• Enjambment is when the writer uses line breaks
  meaningfully and abruptly to create dual meanings
  or for emphasis. When a poem is read, the reader
  will conventionally make a slight pause (shorter
  than a comma) when transitioning from line to
  line in a poem. When a writer uses enjambment, he
  or she uses this space to spread an idea.Example
• Rolling through the field in the dead of
  winter.

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Imagery

• Imagery is when the writer or speaker uses their
  descriptions to access the senses of the reader
  or listener. Sometimes this is called, using
  sensory details. When I say senses or
  sensory, I am referring to the five senses
  sight, hearing, taste, touch, and smell.
• Example
• The winter evening settles down
• With smell of steaks in passageways.
• Six o'clock.
• The burnt-out ends of smoky days.

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Idiom

• An idiom is an expression that means something
  other than the literal meanings of its individual
  words.
• Example
• "Under the weather" is a common idiom or
  idiomatic expression. You might miss a day of
  school because you feel "under the weather." The
  meaning of the expression has nothing to do with
  the weather. It means you feel ill. You have to
  memorize the meanings of idioms or figure out
  their meanings by using context clues.

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Onomatopoeia

• When a words pronunciation imitates its sound.
• Examples
• Buzz Fizz Woof
• Hiss Clink Boom
• Beep Vroom Zip

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Rhythm

• When words are arranged in such a way that they
  make a pattern or beat.
• Example
• There once was a girl from Chicago
• Who dyed her hair pink in the bathtub
• Im making a pizza the size of the sun.
• Hint hum the words instead of saying them.

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Rhyme

• When words have the same end sound.
• Happens at the beginning, end, or middle of
  lines.
• Examples
• Where
• Fair
• Air
• Bear
• Glare

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Repetition

• Repeating a word or words for effect.
• Example
• Nobody
• No, nobody
• Can make it out here alone.
• Alone, all alone
• Nobody, but nobody
• Can make it out here alone.

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Quiz

• On a separate sheet of paper
• I will put an example of figurative language on
  the board.
• You will write whether it is an simile, metaphor,
  personification, hyperbole, or understatement.
• You can use your notes.

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1

• He drew a line as straight as an arrow.

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2

• Knowledge is a kingdom and all who learn are
  kings and queens.

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3

• Can I see you for a second?

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4

• The sun was beating down on me.

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5

• A flag wags like a fishhook there in the sky.

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6

• I'd rather take bathswith a man-eating
  shark,or wrestle a lionalone in the dark,eat
  spinach and liver,pet ten porcupines,than
  tackle the homework,my teacher assigns.

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7

• Ravenous and savagefrom its longpolar
  journey,the North Windis searchingfor food

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8

• The tree of liberty must be refreshed from time
  to time with the blood of patriots and tyrants.

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9

• Can I have one of your chips?

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10

• I'm a black ocean, leaping and wide,Welling and
  swelling I bear
• in the tide.Leaving behind nights of terror and
  fearI rise

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Answers

1. Simile
2. Metaphor
3. Understatement
4. Personification
5. Simile
6. Hyperbole
7. Personification
8. Metaphor
9. Understatement
10. Metaphor