Lesson 2:Energy in Cells, Comparing Organisms, Prokaryotes, Eukaryotes

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Lesson 2Energy in Cells, Comparing Organisms,
Prokaryotes, Eukaryotes Viruses and Living
ThingsBiology EOCT Review

• Created Spring 2012

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• Energy in Cells

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Energy in Cells

• 1. What are the reactants of photosynthesis?
• Water and glucose
• Glucose and carbon dioxide
• Carbon dioxide and water
• Oxygen and water

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Energy in Cells

• 2. What is the source of energy for
  photosynthesis?
• Sunlight
• Glucose
• Carbon dioxide
• Water

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Energy in Cells

• 3. ADP must combine with which of the following
  in order to regenerate ATP?
• A free phosphate
• A positive ion
• An adenine base
• A molecule of glucose

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Energy in Cells

• 4. Glycolysis occurs in which part of the cell?
• The thylakoid
• The cytoplasm
• The mitochondria
• The cell membrane

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Energy in Cells

• 5. Which of the following traps light energy
  during the light reaction of photosynthesis?
• Carbon dioxide
• RNA
• Chlorophyll
• Water

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• Comparing Organisms

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Comparing Organisms

• A cladogram shows
• Which kingdom is the most diverse.
• How to name species.
• Change over time.
• Evolutionary relationships.

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Comparing Organisms

• 2. From earliest to most recent. Which is the
  correct order of subdivision?
• protista, animalia, achaebacteria
• Animalia, achaebacteria, protista
• Achaebacteria, protista, animalia
• Animalia, protista, achaebacteria

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Comparing Organisms

• 3. Eubacteria can be distinguished from
  archaebacteria by
• The presence of a true nucleus
• Being multicellular
• Differences in RNA and makeup of the cell wall
• The presence of membrane-bound organelles.

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• 4. What do the similarities in the bones of a
  human arm and a whales flipper suggest?
• Humans and whales share a common ancestor.
• Humans evolved before whales.
• Humans and whales can swim.
• Arms are stronger than flippers.

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• 5. Which organisms would be most closely related?
• Organisms in the same kingdom.
• Organisms in the same phylum.
• Organisms in the same class.
• Organisms in the same genus.

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• Eukaryotes

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Eukaryotes

• Which of the following shows the correct sequence
  in the anatomical levels of organization in
  humans?
• organism, organ system, cell, organ, tissue
• Cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organisms
• Cell, organ, organ system, tissue, organism
• Organisms, cell, organ, tissue, organ system

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Eukaryotes

• 2. An organism is multicellular and made up of
  eukaryotic cells. The organism can move from one
  place to another. Its cells do not have cell
  walls or chloroplasts. Where should the organism
  be classified?
• Protista
• Fungi
• Plantae
• Animalia

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Eukaryotes

• 3. Scientists once classified fungi as plants.
  Which of the following best explains why fungi
  are now classified in their own kingdom?
• Fungus cells have cell walls, but plants cells do
  not.
• The cells of fungi and plants both have nuclei
  and cell membranes.
• Fungi are capable of independent movement, but
  plants are not.
• Fungi do not have chloroplasts and cannot carry
  out photosynthesis like plants.

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• Prokaryotes

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Prokaryotes

• Which characteristic is most important in
  identifying a cell as prokaryotes?
• The presence of a cell wall
• The small size of the cell
• The absence of a nucleus
• Its existence as a unicellular organism

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Prokaryotes

• 2. What is one important way that archaebacteria
  are different from true bacteria?
• Archaebacteria lack cell walls.
• Archaebacteria are multicellular.
• Archaebacteria lack cells with a nucleus.
• Archaebacteria have different genetic material.

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Prokaryotes

• 3. Which of the following are not found in
  prokaryotic organisms?
• Cell membrane
• Cytoplasm
• Nucleus
• Membrane-bound organelles

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• Viruses and Living Things

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Viruses and Living Things

• Why are viruses not considered living things?
• Viruses are not made of cells.
• Viruses do not contain hereditary material.
• Viruses cannot make their own nutrients.
• Viruses can only be seen with an electron
  microscope.

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Viruses and Living Things

• 2. What determines the shape of a virus?
• Its DNA
• Its RNA
• The presence of an envelope
• The proteins in its capsid

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Viruses and Living Things

• 3. Which of these characteristics of both viruses
  and living organisms?
• They get energy from their environment.
• They contain proteins and nucleic acids.
• They can reproduce on their own.
• They can form crystals and remain dormant for
  long periods.