??????????(discourse analysis)?????????????????(social practices)????????

1
???????????????

• ??????
• ???
• ??1999/4/22

2
????????????

• ???????????????

3
????

• ??????????(discourse analysis)?????????????????(so
  cial practices)????????

4
????

• ????????????????,?????????????????(the conceptual
  ecology of school science )???

5
????

• ?????????????????????,??????????????????-?????????
  ??????

6
????

• ????????????(??????????)?
• ?
• ???????????????
• ?
• ?????????,???????????????
• ?
• ??????????????????SSK???
• ?
• ????????????????????????

7
SSK???

• ???????????????(ethnomethodology)
• ???????????(Empirical Program of
  Relativism,Collins)???(Strong Program,Bloor)
• ??????

8
????????????

• .???????????????
• .?????????????????????????????
• .????????????

9
?????

• .????????????????????? (Collins,1981
  Bloor,1976)
• .??????????,?????????????? (Ryan
  Aikenhead,1992) ?

10
???

• ??????????,??????????????????????
• ????????????,??????????(local conceptual
  ecology),??????????
• ???????????????????,?????????????????

11
SSK?????

• ???????????????(scientific objects)??????????????
  ????(Knorr-Cetina, 1995 Latour Woolgar, 1986)?

12
SSK?????

• ?Garfinkel??????????????,??????????,?????????????

13
???????

• 1.???????????????????????????????????
• 2.?????????????,???????????????????
• 3.??????????????????(cultural knowledge?????????)?
  ??????

14
Toulmin(1972)

• ??????????????????????,???????????????????????????
  ??,?????????????????

15
Toulmin???????????????

• ???????????????????????(????????????????????)?
• ?????????????????????????

16
????

• ???????????????,????-the social discursive
  pressures niches???????

17
Giere(1988)

• ??????(cognitive resource)????????????????,???????
  ?????????????????
• ???????????????(??????????????????)??????????

18
Hewson Thorley (1989) ?Thorley
Stofflett(1996) ????????????

• ?????????
• Hewson Thorley (1989)?????????????????????(?Posn
  er??????????????)
• Thorley Stofflett(1996)??????????????,??????????
  ?????????????????

19
What Counts as Science ?

• ?????????????????????????????????

20
?????????

• ??????(key cultural events)???????
• ??????????????????(evaluation schemes)?,??????????
  ???

21
????

• ???????
• ????????
• ????
• 50??,44????,????????????????

22
?????????

• ???Hewitts(1992) Conceptual Physics text
• ??????????????????????????,???????????????????????
  ??

23
????????

• ????????????
• ?????????????????
• ?????????,?2-4??????????????????????(?????????????
  ?)

24
?????

• ??????????????,?????????????(cultural
  practice)????????
• ??????????????

25
?????????

• ????(??????????????)
• ??(????????)
• ??????(?????????????)
• ????????(??????????)

26
?????

• ?????????
• ??????????????
• ????????????
• ?????????????

27
Research Methodology

• ?????????????
• ?????????????????????????????
• ????????????????????????????????

28
????????

• ?????(timeline)??????????????,????????????????????
  ???????????????
• ??????????????????????,?????????????

29
???????

• ???????identifying , labeling , and time-stamping

30
???????????

• ???????????????????????????????
• ??????????????????????