Today: Global Climate Change

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Today Global Climate Change 20 of the final
exam (5/14 9am-noon) will be from these last 4
lectures
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Fig 54.14
Carbon cycle
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Solar energy incoming and outgoing
http//www.esr.org/outreach/climate_change/basics/
basics.html
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http//www.esr.org/outreach/climate_change/basics/
basics.html
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Sunlight shifts wavelength from short to long
short
long
http//www.esr.org/outreach/climate_change/basics/
basics.html
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CO2 and other greenhouse gases keep heat from
radiating back into space
http//www.esr.org/outreach/climate_change/basics/
basics.html
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CO2 levels in Hawaii and average global temp.
Fig54.15
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http//www.esr.org/outreach/climate_change/basics/
basics.html
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Gases trapped in ice core bubbles can tell us
about past climate conditions.
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http//www.esr.org/outreach/climate_change/basics/
basics.html
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http//www.esr.org/outreach/climate_change/basics/
basics.html
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370
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Relative contributions to Global Warming
500 m people
300 m people
2.5 b people
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Effects of global warming are already visible
http//www.worldviewofglobalwarming.org/pages/glac
iers.html
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http//www.esr.org/outreach/climate_change/basics/
basics.html
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Precipitation changes 1900 to 2000
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No projections of future CO2 levels predict a
reduction over the next 100 years.
http//www.esr.org/outreach/climate_change/basics/
basics.html
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Geoengineering is purposeful human alteration of
the environment.
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Farmland and cities are small to medium scaled
geoengineered landscapes
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Ideas for using Geoengineering to lessen the
impacts of Global Climate Change
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Local climate management has been/ is being
carried out in Russia and China...
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Moscows plan is to disperse a mixture of silver
iodide, liquid nitrogen and cement powder into
clouds to trigger precipitation. The goal is to
minimize snowfall in the city, but results in
increased snowfall in the areas just outside
Moscow where the clouds empty their load.
http//www.nextnature.net/2009/11/moscow-wont-let-
it-snow/
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Controlling the weather in Moscow is nothing new.
Ahead of the two main holidays celebrated in the
city each year Victory Day in May and City Day
in September the often cash-strapped air force
is paid to make sure that it doesn't, rain. Cost
2-3 million
http//www.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,1930
822,00.html
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Beijing's weather was modified to keep the 2008
Olympics dry. In China there are 31 provincial
or municipal weather-modification offices in
China. The administration employs 52,998 people
by its own count.
http//www.plentymag.com/magazine/the_peoples_weat
her.php?page1
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Ideas for using Geoengineering to lessen the
impacts of Global Climate Change... The Ocean
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Before commercial whaling began, baleen whales
may have been the source of almost 12 percent of
all the iron in the Southern Oceans surface
water.
http//blogs.discovermagazine.com/discoblog/2010/0
4/23/a-novel-geoengineering-idea-increase-the-ocea
ns-quotient-of-whale-poop/
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Efforts to test the effectiveness of adding
nutrients to the ocean have met with limited
success.Iron-Dumping Experiment Is a Bust It
Feeds Crustaceans, Doesnt Trap Carbon
Ocean Geoengineering Scheme May Prove
Lethalhttp//news.discovery.com/earth/geoenginee
ring-carbon-sequestration-phytoplankton.html
http//blogs.discovermagazine.com/80beats/2009/03/
24/iron-dumping-experiment-is-a-bust-it-feeds-crus
taceans-doesnt-trap-carbon/
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Ideas for using Geoengineering to lessen the
impacts of Global Climate Change... Block
incoming sunlight
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Reflect sunlight from upper atmosphere/space
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What does it take to change the
climate?Iceland's Eyjafjallajokull Volcano is
not enough
http//www.huffingtonpost.com/2010/04/18/iceland-v
olcano-pictures_n_541994.html
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What does it take to change the climate?Mt.
Pinatubo eruption in 1991
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What does it take to change the climate?Mt.
Pinatubo eruption in 1991
Lowered global temp. by about 0.5oC
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What does it take to change the climate?Mt.
Tambora erupted in 1815. The eruption was so
large the volcano went from 14,000 ft. to 9,000
ft.
This is not Tambora, it is Pinatubo
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Tambora in 1815 Tambora's volcanic cloud
lowered global temperatures by as much as 3oC.
Even a year after the eruption, most of the
northern hemisphere experienced sharply cooler
temperatures during the summer months. In parts
of Europe and in North America, 1816 was known as
"the year without a summer." http//vulcan.wr.us
gs.gov/Outreach/AboutVolcanoes/do_volcanoes_affect
_weather.html
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NextWho is affected by Global Climate Change