European Architecture

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European Architecture

• An Introduction to different Styles

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Romanesque1000-1200

• Rounded arches
• Small, high windows
• Little Ornamentation

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Romanesque

• Accommodate numerous monks, priests and pilgrims
• Pilgrims came looking at relics

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Romanesque-Gothic

• Rounded Arches on buildings
• Pointed arches on church

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Gothic1150-1500

• Pointed Arches
• Flying Buttresses
• High Steeples
• Focus up toward God

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Gothic

• Ribbed vaulted ceilings to preserve natural light

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Gothic

• Stained-glass window panels leading to
  sun-dappled interior effects

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Renaissance1350-1600

• Rebirth of Classical culture
• Showed a harmony between human proportions and
  buildings

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Renaissance

• Revival of ancient Roman forms
• the column and round arch, the tunnel vault, and
  the dome

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Baroque1600-1800

• Complex plan shapes
• Grandeur, drama and contrast

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Baroque

• Rich surfaces
• Bright colors

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Baroque

• Complex shapes were favored to heighten the
  feeling of motion and sensuality

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Rococo1650-1750

• Extremely Ornate
• Ceilings and walls seem as one

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Rococo

• Walls, ceilings, and moldings feature
  interlacings of curves and countercurves

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Rococo

• Light, elegant, and elaborately ornamented

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Fachwerk

• Half-timbered structures

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Fachwerk

• Built between 1300 and 1700

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Fachwerk

• Style resulted from insufficient wood
• Hay and plaster were used between wood frame

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Neo-Classical1750-1850

• Grandeur of scale
• Simplicity of geometric forms

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Neo-Classical

• Dramatic use of columns
• Antique simplicity
• Reaction against Rococo

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Romantic

• Organic the harmony of nature
• Classic bring order to chaotic world

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Romantic

• Set a mood
• Give a memorable feeling
• Irregular, undefined quality

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Romantic

• Return to nature
• Seeks to celebrate the unknown parts of life

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Biedermeier

• Mid-1800s
• Apolitical

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Biedermeier1840-1870

• Tied to home
• Calmness and order

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Jugendstil1910-1940

• Art Nouveau
• Floral motif
• Use of wrought iron for ornamentation

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Modern/Bauhaus1950 - present

• Founded by Walther Gropius
• Integration of art, craftsmanship, and technology

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Modern/Bauhaus

• Associated with a severe but elegant geometric
  style
• Economy of means