PSYA3 Aggression

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PSYA3 Aggression

• Deindividuation

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Lesson 2 Deindividuation

• BATs
• A01 Explain the causes of aggression according to
  deindividuation
• A02 Evaluate deindividuation

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Deindividuation

• Normal constraints on behaviour are weakened when
  a person loses their sense of individuality
• Crowds, uniforms, drugs alcohol
• Less likely to be identified held responsible
  for aggressive behaviour
• Anonymity?deindividuation?aggression
• More pronounced drunk/drugs
• Based on Le Bons crowd behaviour theory

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Deindividuation
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Deindividuation
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Deindividuation

• Zimbardo (1969)
• Hooded PPs were more aggressive
• Zimbardo (1973 Stanford Experiment)
• Guards aggression increased by uniforms,
  sunglasses, night-time
• Mullen (1985)
• Violence of mob lynching a function of crowd size

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The process

• Being anonymous your inner constraints are
  reduced and your fear of consequences are
  reduced.
• Lose sense of personal values and social norms.

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AO2 Research Support

• Zimbardo (1969) - 2 Conditions
• 1.) Deindividuated
• 2.) Control
• RESULTS?

• Lab coats, hoods
• No introductions
• Group instructions
• Normal clothes and name tags
• Introductions by name
• Individual instructions

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Furthermore...

• Johnson and Shacks showed that...

So what can we conclude from this..???
People respond to normative cues associated with
the social context they are in
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Real world applications

• Mann (1981)
• Baiting crowd and suicide jumpers
• Other ideas??

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Prosocial consequences of deindividuation

• Spivey and Prentice-Dunn (1990)
• Deindividuation could lead to either pro or
  antisocial behaviour depending on situational
  factors
• Prosocial cues led to more altruistic acts and
  fewer antisocial acts

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More AO2

• Cultural differences

• Gender differences

• Diener 1973

• Watson (1973)

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Environmental Stressors

• Stress ? Arousal ? Aggression
• As arousal increases it becomes easier to trigger
  an aggressive response (up to a point)

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Environmental Stressors
Likelihood of aggressive behaviour
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Level of stress
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Lack of Support for Deindividuation

• Postmes and Spears 1998 meta analysis of 60
  studies
• Insufficient support for major claims of
  deindividuation such as disinhibition and reduced
  self awareness

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Over to you

• Answer the questions
• Plan and write an essay either qu 4 p61 or qu4
  p63

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Holiday Homework

• Start Revising!! use the Outcome sheets to see
  how much you can remember about Sleep and
  Relationships
• Make a list of topics you find hard and let me
  have that when we return so I can tailor the
  revision sessions to these areas.
• Also revise Retake units find your old notes
• I will try and put some past papers on the blog

Catch up on any work missed please