I. The Russian Revolution

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I. The Russian Revolution
Tsar Nicholas II
Vladimir Lenin
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A. Russian Civil War

• Russia largest army in world (1916 ran out of
  supplies)
• 2. Tsar Nicholas II lived in luxuryfamily
  eventually executed
• 3. February Revolution (1917) massive strikes
  protests
• - tsar abdicated throne
• - Provisional Government formed led by
  Kerensky
• Marxists emerge Bolsheviks led by V.I. Lenin
• - October Revolution (1917) Lenin takes power
• - 1918 Russia leaves WWI (lost 1/3 of territory)

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The Romanov Family
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B. New Economic Policy (N.E.P.)

• 1918 Russian Civil Warby 1921 Communist Red
  Army wins
• 1922 creation of the Union of Soviet Socialist
  Republics (U.S.S.R.)
• Russian economy in shambles
• Lenins New Economic Policy restored production
  by relaxing government controls (Peace, Land,
  Bread)
• Death of Lenin (1924) struggle for power Leon
  Trotsky forced out by Joseph Stalin

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General Secretary of the Communist Party
Leninism
Politburo
Politburo
Committees
National Congress
Soviets
The Russian State from 1918 until 1989
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(No Transcript)
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C. German Civil War?

• brink of civil war in Germany (1923)
• - French occupied Ruhr Valley
• - severe hyperinflation

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II. China Japan
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A. Issues in the Far East

• Early 1900s China
• rapid population growth
• weakened Qing dynasty
• brutal warlords tax collectors
• devastating floods of Yellow River
• 2. Japan had few natural resources
• expansion

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B. East Asia

• 1. China
• landlords
• wealthy merchants
• peasants
• foreigners
• 2. Japan
• industrialization aggravated social tensions
• urbanites against traditionalists
• wealthy zaibatsu (large companies) vs. poor
  farmers

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C. Chinese Revolutions (19001918)

• 1. Boxer Rebellion (Righteous Fists of Harmony)
  1899-1901 anti-imperialist anti-Christian
  movement
• China defeated humiliated
• 2. Chinese Revolution (1911) revolution to
  overthrow the Qing by Army mutiny
• Sun Yat-sen elected as president of China

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Last Emperor of China Puyi
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D. Chinese Warlords

• Paris Peace Conference Japan controlled German
  colonies in China
• - riots in Beijing
• Chinas regional generals (warlords) plundered
  taxed countryside
• - treaty ports prospered

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E. Chiang Kai-shek

• Sun Yat-sen welcomed members of the new Chinese
  Communist Party (CCP)
• Suns successor Chiang Kai-shek
• crushes regional warlords (1927)
• crushes Communist Party
• industrialization modernization
• corrupt administrators
• forced to Taiwan