Subjuntivo contra Indicativo

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Subjuntivo contra Indicativo

• Español 4 Superior

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Phrases importantes

• Cuando when
• Tan pronto como as soon as
• En cuanto as soon as
• Después de que after
• Hasta que until
• Aunque even though

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• Indicative or subjunctive depends on what is
  being expressed.
• Use indicative when the outcome of the action is
  CERTAIN.
• Use subjunctive when the outcome of the action is
  UNCERTAIN or after a COMMAND.

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Ejemplo - Indicativo

• No dudo que quieren venir.
• I dont doubt that they want to come.
• Esperaron hasta que la fiesta terminó.
• They waited until the party ended.

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Ejemplo - Subjuntivo

• Te llamaré cuando vengan nuestros amigos.
• I will call you when our friends come.
• Es dudoso que ellos puedan venir.
• Its doubtful that they can come.

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Typical uses of tenses

• When 1st clause is present or past, use
  INDICATIVE.
• Certain!
• When 1st clause is future or command, use
  SUBJUNCTIVE.
• Uncertain!

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Sequence of Tenses
(for verbs that trigger subjunctive)
1st clause 2nd clause
Present Present subjunctive/Present perfect subjunctive
Present perfect Present subjunctive/Present perfect subjunctive
Preterite Imperfect subjunctive/Past perfect subjunctive
Imperfect Imperfect subjunctive/Past perfect subjunctive
Past perfect Imperfect subjunctive/Past perfect subjunctive
Conditional Imperfect subjunctive/Past perfect subjunctive
Future Present subjunctive
Commands Present subjunctive