Replacement Chemical Reactions

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Replacement Chemical Reactions

• Christian Henderson
• Mrs. Jemmott
• Science Fair

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• A Single Replacement Reaction is a type of
  oxidation-reduction chemical reaction where one
  element takes the place of another in a compound.
  Usually the product and reactant compounds are in
  the aqueous solution. The element taking the
  place of the other is normally more reactive in
  the activity series, and the element being
  replaced will be pulled out of the compound alone.

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• This Table is a list of the reactive elements in
  order from highest reactivity value to the
  lowest. Every element that is above another is
  more reactive the all the elements below it. As
  well as the element lower than an element on this
  table will be replaced by any element above.

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• A Cation is a positively charged ion or metal. In
  an oxidation-reduction reaction the cation is
  oxidized and will replace an element that is
  reduced.
• If the reactant element is less reactive than
  this will result in NO REACTION

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• An anion is a negatively charged ion or a
  nonmetal. In an oxidation-reduction reaction the
  anion is reduced and will replace an element that
  is oxidized.
• If the reactant element is less reactive than
  this will result in NO REACTION

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• In an experiment that was conducted, pennies
  (that were produced after 1982) that were made
  with a Zinc core and copper shell were placed in
  HCl (Muriatic Acid). The replacement equation
  was
• Zn HCl ? ZnCl2 H2

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• The Zinc from inside the copper shell was higher
  than Hydrogen on the Activity Series as a result
  Hydrogen was release in gas form, and Zinc
  replaced Hydrogen in the solution. The hollow
  copper shell was the only thing left of the
  penny. Hydrogen gas was released into the
  atmosphere.

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• In galvanized steel, when the steels would begin
  to rust. The Zinc coating will undergo a single
  replacement reaction making the rust turn back
  into metal Iron, transforming back to steel.
• Polishing Silver Jewelry, after a while silver
  will tarnish. The solution you use will replace
  the tarnish caused by the reaction with the
  jewelry and oxygen.

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• A chemical reaction between two compounds where
  the positive ion of one compound is exchanged
  with the positive ion of another compound.

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• The very common experiment is the reaction
  between Vinegar and Baking Soda. Many young
  chemists are unaware that this is actually TWO
  reactions occurring. What actually happens is
  this
• acetic acid (within the vinegar) reacts with
• sodium bicarbonate (within the baking soda)
• to form carbonic acid. Carbonic acid is 
• unstable, decomposes into carbon dioxide
• and water.

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• Bubbles form from the decomposition of the carbon
  dioxide escaping the solution that is left.
  Carbon dioxide is much heavier than air so, it
  overflows and escapes the container being
  pulled by gravity. Left is a dilute solution of
  sodium acetate within water.

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• As well as carbon dioxide being released into the
  atmosphere.
• CH3COOH NaHCO3 ---gt CH3COONa H2CO3
• H2CO3 ---gt H2O CO2

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Conclusion

• Single Replacement Reactions are reactions in
  which a more reactive element will replace a not
  as reactive element in a compound.
• Double Replacement Reactions are when two
  elements will swap places in two different
  compounds.