Innovation: The Key to technology leadership

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Innovation The Key to technology leadership

• P. AnandanManaging DirectorMicrosoft Research
  India

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Long run growth in GDP is not so much due to
capital investment as due to Technological
progress

• Robert Solow, Nobel Prize Winner Economics

Innovation leading to increased productivity is
the fundamental source of increasing wealth in an
economy.
Source Wikepedia
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Technological Progress and Innovation

• Goal of innovation is make something new or do
  something better
• Innovation is the process of enabling effective
  and efficient solutions to meet peoples needs
• Innovation begins in the lab and ends at the
  hands of the customer
• Innovation involves both R and D

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Why R in Industry?

• Technology growth key to social development
• Technology growth drives economic growth
• Technology inventions central to quality of life
• No technology was invented accidentally
• No technology was developed overnight
• Perfecting the technology requires decades of
  investment
• Only industry can take ideas to completion

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Microsofts Approach to Innovation

• Innovation in and through our products
• Microsoft Research
• Ecosystem support of partner innovation

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R in support of D in Microsoft

• Every product group innovates during the course
  of the product development
• Innovations include
• New designs, architectures, frameworks
• Platform for software development
• Features in specific products
• Business innovations

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The MSR Experience
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MSR Mission Statement

• Expand the state of the art in each of the areas
  in which we do research
• Rapidly transfer innovative technologies into
  Microsoft products
• Ensure that Microsoft products have a future

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Microsoft Research

• Established 1991
• 1000 full-time staff
• Over 60 computer-science research areas
  represented
• Contributions to products at Microsoft
• Inventing the future

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• Microsoft Research locations
• Redmond, Washington, USA
• (Sep, 1991)
• Cambridge, United Kingdom
• (July, 1997)
• Beijing, China
• (Nov, 1998)
• Silicon Valley, California
• (July, 2001)
• Bangalore, India
• (Jan, 2005)
• Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
• (July, 2008)

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Technology Transfer Impact

• Critical support technologies.
• Opt. Technology enabled sim-ship of
  Win95/Office95.
• Automated bug detection in Windows 2000.
• Almost every aspect of Windows 7
• Key technologies that drive products.
• E.G., MS audio 4.0, ClearType, collaborative
  filtering, intelligent search, etc.
• Bing is continually evolving through research
  collaboration
• Incubated major products.
• Windows streaming media.
• Windows CE, eBook.
• Ecommerce, Datamining.
• TabletPC
• Surface
• Speech processing

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Why did we come to India

• Strong engineering education, talent pool
• Growing economy and aspirations for RD and
  innovation
• Interesting research topics stimulated by the
  socio-economic-cultural environment

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Microsoft Research India The First Five Years

• P. Anandan
• Distinguished Scientist
• Managing Director
• MSR India

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People Place

• Full-time staff total 56
• Technical staff 48
• 34 with PhD (69)
• Total interns (5 years) 430
• Indian universities 60
• Foreign universities 40
• PhD candidates 43
• Bachelors/Masters 57
• Universities include
• IISc, IITs, BITS, DAIICT, IIITs, MIT, CMU, UC
  Berkeley, UW, Yale, Cambridge, Chicago, Bristol,
  National University of Singapore, Institute of
  Mathematical Sciences, Oxford, Georgia Institute
  of Technology, Princeton, New York University,
  University of Maryland, McGill University, U.
  Cape Town, UC Santa Barbara, U Michigan

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Research Groups

• Algorithms and Search
• Cryptography, Security, and Applied Mathematics
• Mobility, Networks, and Systems
• Multilingual Systems
• Rigorous Software Engineering
• Technology for Emerging Markets
• Vision, Graphics, and Visualization

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Publications

• Award winning research
• ACM Eugene Lawler Award (Digital Study Hall)
• Best-paper awards in
• FSE
• ICTD
• COMSNETS
• TED Award
• First place in FIRE (Forum for Information
  Retrieval Evaluation) 2009
• Joint winner in PASCAL VOC Object Detection
  Challenge 2009

Papers per year!
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Technology Transfers from MSRI in 2009

• System Security
• tools for diagnosing vulnerability to attacks
• Developer support
• tools to improve programmer productivity
• Program verification, debugging
• Networking and cloud
• efficient compression while protecting privacy
  for data transfers from data centers to clients
• Search
• Robust location of addresses in BING Maps
• Machine translation
• Community creation of multilingual content

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INNOVATIONS FROM INDIA AT MSR
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Multi-Mouse for Education

• Problem PCs in emerging-market schools are used
  in a one-to-many fashion.
• Solution Multiply the value of PCs by allowing
  multiple USB mice to be plugged into a PC, with
  each mouse having a cursor on-screen with a
  different color.
• Children grasp the concept immediately and show
  greater engagement.
• Deployed and distributed by Microsoft product
  teams

Before
After
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Digital Green

• Problem Agriculture extension (transfer of
  expert knowledge to farmers) is slow and
  difficult
• Solution Locally recorded videos of good farming
  practices and ad hoc screenings in villages
• Stockholm Challenge Award 2008
• Spun off as an independent non-profit
  organization
• Aiming to impact 400,000 households in 3 years

Digital Green video screening in rural Karnataka
Work by Rikin Gandhi, Rajesh Veeraraghavan,
Vanaja Ramprasad, Randy Wang, Kentaro Toyama
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Robust Location Search

• Goal
• Find regions on Earth that best match freeform
  textual input
• Examples
• 2nd main, 10th cross, Indira Nagar 1st stage,
  near RTO office Bangalore 560038
• ... in Madrid, somewhere near calle de
  arroyofresno and avenida de la llustracion
• 67, ?????? ????????????, ???-3, ????
  ????????????
• Now Deployed in BING MAPS in several countries,
  including parts of India

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Debug Advisor

• Allow user to search diverse repositories using a
  fat query
• Fat query allows user to simply concatenate all
  the context for the current bug
• Match fat query with all historical data from
  repositories
• Deployed and actively used by various MS product
  development teams

Has this bug or a similar bug already been fixed
or studied somewhere else? What is already known
about this kind of bug? Where should I start? Who
would be able to help?
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External Research
Partner with Academia, Industry and Government

• Strengthen CS Research Ecosystem
• Capacity Building
• Communitywide Research Initiatives

• Address Societal Challenges
• Community Engagement
• Social Responsibility

• Empower with Technologies
• Help advance research process
• Innovation

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Innovation and RD in the world
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• Microsoft is the second highest RD investor in
  the world Euro 6.48B(Toyota is number 1)
• Microsoft has been in the top 3 for several
  years, was number 1 last year (Euro 5.58B)
• No Indian company in Top 50(surprised?)

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Other Indian companies include Polaris, Prithvi,
Mindtree, Reliance, Ranbaxy, Infosys, BHEL, HCL,
etc.
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India and Innovation (in IT)
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The Developed World

• Over 15,000 corporate labs in the US
• Employ over 750,000 scientists and engineers
• 70 of the total number of such professionals
• Total RD investment USD 150B
• Industry funds over 65 RD conducted in US
• Ctsy Engines of Tomorrow Bob Buderi

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Many models for success

• Bell Labs / ATT
• GE
• IBM
• HP
• Xerox
• Siemens
• NEC
• Intel
• Microsoft
• Google

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India Today

• Booming economy
• Growing consumer sector
• Large skilled labor population
• Rich investors
• Many Indian companies in Fortune 500
• The place to be!

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Challenges

• Not enough RD, mostly service sector work
• Very little basic research
• Changing values, easy job opportunities, easy
  money, changing lifestyles
• Corruption still endemic

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Indian Economy at a Glance
Changing Composition of Indias GDP
Real GDP growth Percentage, 1991-2007
India
100
80
63
60
Developing World Average
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20
18
0
FY80
FY90
FY02
FY08
Developed World Average
Agriculture
Industry
Services
Source Usda.gov
Source RBI
The Indian economy has experienced rapid growth
buoyed by a shift from an agriculture to a
services-led economy Source - NASSCOM
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NASSCOM DATA
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OCTOBER, 2008
Next few slides from
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT STATISTICS AT A GLANCE 2007-08 MAJOR HIGHLIGHTS
DEPARTMENT OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
MINISTRY OF SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY, Govt.of India, Technology Bhawan, New Mehrauli Road, New Delhi-110016, (INDIA)
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Priorities

• Rapid upgrading of the college education system
• Increase number of qualified college professors
• Make academic careers rewarding
• Make research a requirement
• Get the industry into the RD game
• Convince parents to encourage children to go into
  research

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THANK YOU!