GIS Lecture 3

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GIS Lecture 3 GIS Outputs
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Outline

• Map Design Principles
• Map Audiences
• Map Layouts
• Scales
• Multiple Maps
• Reports and Graphs on a Layout
• Exporting Maps
• Other Map Outputs

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Map Design Principles

• Design maps for appropriate medium
• Print vs. electronic
• Link layouts to map purpose
• Planning a layout
• Choose appropriate export options

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Map Audiences

• Map Use Exploration Presentation
• Audience Trained Analyst General Public

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Map Audiences

• Map Use Exploration Presentation
• Audience Trained Analyst General Public
• Purpose Visual Thinking Communication

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Map Audiences

• Map Use Exploration Presentation
• Audience Trained Analyst General Public
• Purpose Visual Thinking Communication
• Advantages Graphical Believable

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Map Audiences

• Map Use Exploration Presentation
• Audience Trained Analyst General Public
• Purpose Visual Thinking Communication
• Advantages Graphical Believable
• Granularity Fine Coarse

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Map Audiences

• Map Use Exploration Presentation
• Audience Trained Analyst General Public
• Purpose Visual Thinking Communication
• Advantages Graphical Believable
• Granularity Fine Coarse
  
• Symbols Abstract Mimetic

capital
railroad
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Number of Pedestrian Injuries by
NeighborhoodCity of Pittsburgh
Data obtained from Childrens Hospital of
Pittsburgh, 2000-2005
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Population under 14 by NeighborhoodCity of
Pittsburgh
Data obtained from U.S Census, 2000
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Injury Rate by NeighborhoodCity of Pittsburgh
Data obtained from Childrens Hospital of
Pittsburgh, 2000-2005
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Map Layouts
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Map Layouts

• Includes all of the elements of a stand alone map
• Make the map the largest and most prominent
  element of the layout
• Put a rectangular boundary around the map (called
  a neat line by cartographers) to help draw
  attention to it as the central element
• Include a map title
• The title needs to include information minimally
  answering the three questions what, where, and
  when.

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Map Layouts (Continued)

• Include a legend for symbols placed in the
  lower-right or left of the layout
• No need to label it Legend. Everyone will know
  what it is (this eliminates chart junk)
• Include data sources
• Ensure legibility
• Include a graphic map scale if your audience is
  not familiar with the area shown
• Do not include a north arrow unless the top of
  your map is not north

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Map Layouts (Continued)

• Occasionally include other components as needed
  such as a data table listing, a frequency bar
  chart for the attribute of a choropleth map, or a
  photograph

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ArcView Layouts
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Other Map Elements

• Neatline, Scale, Additional Text, Photos

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Example of a bad map...
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A better map
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Map Scales
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Dimensionless Map Scales

• ratio that relates a unit of measure on a map to
  some number of the same units of measure on the
  earth's surface
• 125,000
• tells us that 1 unit of measure 25,000 of the
  same units on the earth's surface
• 1 on the map 25,000 inches on the earth's
  surface
• one meter or one yard or one kilometer or one
  mile would represent 25,000 meters or yards or
  kilometers or miles, respectively, on the earth's
  surface.

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Large and Small Scale Maps

• 15,000 is large scale

150,000,000 is small scale
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Commonly Used Map Scales
http//id.water.usgs.gov/reference/map_scales.html
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USGS Scales
http//www.carolinamapdistributors.com/products/to
po/mapscales.htm
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Map Units

• Feet or meter is the map unit for many local
  government GIS applications

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Map Units
Inch is the map unit for CAD applications
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Scale 1100,000
Scale
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Scale 124,000
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Scale 110,000
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Scale 12,000
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Multiple Maps, Reports, and Graphs
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Multiple Maps Comparing Data
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Reports and Graphs
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Reports on a Layout

• Select records to include

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Reports on a Layout

• Generate a report

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Reports on a Layout

• Add report to the layout

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Graphs on a Layout

• Select records to include
• Create a graph and include on layout

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Importing Charts

• Create graph in excel
• Copy and Paste object to layout

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Exporting Maps
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Exporting Maps

• Export Images

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Exporting Maps

• Export Images

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Exporting Maps

• Export PDFs

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Exporting Maps

• Copying to PowerPoint
• copy individual objects

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Exporting Maps

• Paste into PowerPoint or another application
• paste objects individually

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Other Outputs
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Other Outputs

• ARCIMS (Internet Mapping Server)
• ArcExplorer (Free Viewer)
• ArcReader (Free Viewer)

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Other Outputs

• WEB Based Interactive GIS
• ArcIMS
• http//www.esri.com/software/internetmaps

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Other Outputs

• Municipality of Anchorage, Anchorage Alaska
• http//home.muni.org/contents1/maps.cfm

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Other Outputs

• ArcExplorer
• Free GIS Viewing Application
• http//www.esri.com/software/arcexplorer

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Other Outputs

• ArcReader
• Free GIS Viewing Application
• http//www.esri.com/software/arcgis/arcreader/inde
  x.html

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Summary

• Map Design Principles
• Map Audiences
• Map Layouts
• Scales
• Multiple Maps
• Reports and Graphs on a Layout
• Exporting Maps
• Other Map Outputs