GIS in Water Resources: Lecture 1

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GIS in Water Resources Lecture 1

• In-class and distance learning
• Land and water interaction
• Geospatial database of hydrologic features
• Curved earth and a flat map

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GIS in Water Resources Lecture 1

• In-class and distance learning
• Geospatial database of hydrologic features
• ArcGIS Hydro data model
• Curved earth and a flat map

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Six Basic Course Elements

• Lectures
• Powerpoint slides
• Video streaming
• Readings
• Modeling our World
• Narratives written around slides
• Homework

• Term Project
• Oral presentation
• HTML report
• Class Interaction
• Email
• Chat room
• Examinations
• Midterm, final

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Learning Styles

• Instructor-Centered Presentation

• Community-Centered Presentation

Instructor
Student
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University Without Walls
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Utah State University
Dr David Tarboton terrain analysis with digital
elevation models
Dr Tarboton will present lectures on Sept 25, Oct
4, Oct 23, Oct 25
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GIS in Water Resources Lecture 1

• In-class and distance learning
• Geospatial database of hydrologic features
• ArcGIS Hydro data model
• Curved earth and a flat map

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Geospatial Database
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Levels of Analysis Relational Database
Relational Linkages
Spatial Attributes
Water Right Locations
Descriptive Attributes
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Spatial Data Vector format
Vector data are defined spatially
(x1,y1)
Point - a pair of x and y coordinates
vertex
Line - a sequence of points
Node
Polygon - a closed set of lines
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Raster and Vector Data
Raster data are described by a cell grid, one
value per cell
Vector
Raster
Point
Line
Zone of cells
Polygon
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National Hydro Data Programshttp//www.crwr.utexa
s.edu/giswr/nhdconf/nationalhydro.html
National Elevation Dataset (NED)
National Hydrography Dataset (NHD)
Elevation Derivatives for National Applications
(EDNA)
Watershed Boundary Dataset
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How do we combine these data?
Digital Elevation Models
Streams
Watersheds
Waterbodies
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An integrated raster-vector database
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GIS in Water Resources Lecture 1

• In-class and distance learning
• Geospatial database of hydrologic features
• ArcGIS Hydro data model
• Curved earth and a flat map

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ArcGIS Hydro Data Model
Hydrology
Hydrography
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ArcGIS Hydro Data Model
Network
Drainage
HydroFeatures
Hydrography
Channel
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Data Model Based on Inventory
NHD Points
Make an inventory of all features of a given type
in the region
NHD Lines
NHD Areas
Gages
What is it? Where is it?
Dams
Bridges
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Data Model Based on Behavior
Follow a drop of water from where it falls on the
land, to the stream, and all the way to the ocean.
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Integrating Data Inventory using a Behavioral
Model
Relationships between objects linked by tracing
path of water movement
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Open Architecture for Water Modeling
Interface 1 ArcGIS
Interface 2 HydroModel
Process Engines
Temporal Data Geospatial data
Interface 4 Custom-designed
Interface 3 Excel
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TIWSSTexas Integrated Water Simulation System
SWAT Water Quality
WRAP Water Availability
Arc Hydro
Geospatial and Temporal Data
Modflow Groundwater
HEC Models Flooding Water Management
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GIS in Water Resources Lecture 1

• In-class and distance learning
• Geospatial database of hydrologic features
• ArcGIS Hydro data model
• Curved earth and a flat map

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Origin of Geographic Coordinates
Equator
(0,0)
Prime Meridian
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Latitude and Longitude
Longitude line (Meridian)
N
W
E
S
Range 180ºW - 0º - 180ºE
Latitude line (Parallel)
N
W
E
S
(0ºN, 0ºE) Equator, Prime Meridian
Range 90ºS - 0º - 90ºN
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Latitude and Longitude in North America
Austin (30N, 98W) Logan (42N, 112W)
60 N
30 N
60 W
120 W
90 W
0 N
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Map Projection
Flat Map Cartesian coordinates x,y (Easting
Northing)
Curved Earth Geographic coordinates f,
l (Latitude Longitude)
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Earth to Globe to Map
Map Projection
Map Scale
Scale Factor
Map distanceGlobe distance

(e.g. 0.9996)
(e.g. 124,000)
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Coordinate System
A planar coordinate system is defined by a
pair of orthogonal (x,y) axes drawn through an
origin
Y
X
Origin
(xo,yo)
(fo,lo)