????? Acute Renal Failure (ARF) Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Title:

????? Acute Renal Failure (ARF) Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)

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Title: Management of GERD An Update Author: Judith A. Ledbetter Last modified by: user Created Date: 7/2/2002 10:08:59 PM Document presentation format – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Tags: aki | arf | acute | anemia | failure | injury | kidney | renal

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Title: ????? Acute Renal Failure (ARF) Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)


1
?????Acute Renal Failure (ARF)Acute Kidney
Injury (AKI)
  • ???
  • ??????????????????

2
Case-1
  • XXX,??,78?????2????1?????????5?????5?,??????????0.
    4????????????????????100/60mmHg,
    ??88?/?,??,???????????Scr198umol/L, BUN12.5mol/L,
    UA456mol/L?
  • ??
  • ????????????????
  • ?????

3
Case-2
  • XXX, ??,69??7?????????,??????,??????3?,???????Scr1
    49umol/L???Scr 686umol/L, ?????????????125/50mmHg.
    ,??126?/?,??,????????K5.9mmol/L, ?PH7.26, HCO3
    12.5mmol/L.
  • ??
  • ???
  • ??????

4
Case-3
  • XXX,??,65?????1??????????????????,???????BP165/95
    mmHg.????????3, RBC3, WBC2, ?????1.8?/?,
    Scr345umol/L, BUN10.6mol/L, UA453mol/L, Hb
    9.8g/dL, WBC10.5 x109???2???????,??????
  • ??
  • ???
  • ???

5
Acute renal failure, ARF
  • ???????????????(??????)?????????
  • ???????????, ????????????,???????????????(lt400ml/d
    )???(lt100ml/d),???????,???????

6
???(incidence)
  • ??????1-5
  • ICU??7-23
  • ???????ARF????20--35
  • 60????ARF?????ARF???57-64

7
(No Transcript)
8
Category
  • ?????????(ATN)
  • ??
  • ???ARF
  • ???ARF
  • ??ARF

9
Etiopathogenisis-prerenal ARF
  • ??????????????
  • ??,?????
  • ?????????????????
  • ???????????????(????)????????
  • ??????? ???????????????????????
  • ?/???????????
  • ???????????????????????????????
  • ??????????????????????????????(FK506)?????B?
  • ?????(?????)?
  • ??????????????
  • ????????ACEI?
  • ??????
  • ?????????????????????

10
Etiopathogenisis-postrenal ARF
  • ?????
  • ??
  • ??
  • ?????
  • ??
  • ????(???????)
  • ????
  • ??
  • ?????
  • ??
  • ??????
  • ??????
  • ?????
  • ??
  • ??
  • ???

11
Etiopathogenisis-Renal ARF1
  • ?????(?????????????????)
  • ????????????????????????
  • ????????????
  • ??????????
  • ?????????
  • ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ??????????

12
Etiopathogenisis-Renal ARF2
  • ???????
  • ??
  • ???ARF(?????????????????????????),
    ?????(????,????)?
  • ??
  •  ??????????????(?????),??(???)?????(??????)??????
  • ???????????????????????(????)?
  • ?????
  • ???
  • ???(?ß???????TMP????NSAID,???,?????
  • ??
  • ??(??????????????)???(??????)???(?????)?
  • ??
  • ?????????????
  • ???
  • ?????????
  • ??????????????????????????

13
(No Transcript)
14
Pathogenesy-1
  • ??????????????
  • ????????? ???????O2 ?? ????????????????????
  • ?-????????????????????????????

15
NO??????????
??? ?????
???
(-)
????
???? ??
?????
EDNO ?
16
Pathogenesy-2
  • ???????
  • ??????
  • ???????????,????????????,????????????????????,????
    ????????????,??????
  • ???????
  • ????????,????????????????????????????,?????

17
Pathogenesy-3
  • ???????-?????????????
  • ??,??ATP???? ,ATP???????,?????????????????,???????
    ????????????????,??????,??????????????,???????????
    ??
  • ????(ROS)???????ATN?????????,????????,
    ?????????,???????DNA??
  • ????,????????(?TNFa?????????-?????????IL-1?IL-2
    ?IL-8?)???????????????????????????(?ICAM-1,P????E
    ???)???????????????,???????????
  • ????(IGF-1,EGF,HGF?)????????
  • ??Casepase-3?
  • ?????????????????????????

18
ARF????
19
1222 ATN?????
20
(No Transcript)
21
Morphology
  • ????????, ????????,??????
  • ???ARF??
  • ???????????????,??????,???????????????????????????
    Tamm-Horsfall????????
  • ??????????,???????????????????????????????????????
    ???
  • ???ARF
  • ??????????????????????????????????
  • ???????
  • ????????(T ??,?????????????)

22
Manifestation
  • ?????????
  • ????????????,????????,ATN???????????,??????,GFR???
  • ??? ??7-14?,??,??4-6?
  • GFR5-10ml/min
  • Scr????88.4-176.8µmol/L(1.0-2.Omg/dl)
  • BUN????3.6-7.2mmol/L(10-20mg/dL)
  • ??50-400ml/d.?????????????????ARF??GFR??,??????
  • ???????
  • ??? ??1-3?
  • ???????,GFR????????????????????????????????????,??
    ???,?????????GFR??,?????????(????????)???????,????
    ?????????????????????????????

23
????????
  • ARF????? ??????????
  • ????????????
  • ????????,??????????????ARF
  • ??????
  • ???? ?????????
  • ????
  • ???????

24
Laboratory Examination
  • Blood Examination
  • Scr, BUN,UA?
  • Anemia
  • Serum K ?
  • PH?,Acidosis
  • Uronoscopy
  • UPr,???,????,?Na?
  • ????????(Biomarkers)
  • IL-18,Kim-1,NGAL?)

25
Imageology
  • Ultrasound(??)
  • CT
  • CTU
  • MRU
  • KUBIVP

26
Diagonosis
  • ????????,Scr???????177umol/L(Scr??gt44.5umol/l)
  • ??Scr?????300umol/L,???Scr??????50
  • ??
  • ?????
  • ?????
  • ??????
  • ????CKD(Acute on Chronic,A on C)

27
???????ARF???????
  • ?? ??? ??ATN
  • FENa? lt1
    gt1
  • ??(mmol/L) lt20
    gt40
  • ?Cr/?Cr gt40
    lt20
  • ??? gt1.020
    1.010
  • ??(mOsm/kg.H2O) gt500
    lt300
  • ????/?? gt10 lt10
  • ?????? lt1
    gt1
  •  

?FENa??/???Cr/?Cr ?????????Cr/?Cr
28
Differential Diagnosis
  • ????????????????
  • ??????????????????????????????? ARF?????
    ??????????
  • ???ARF
  • ????
  • ???????????
  • ???????
  • ??????????
  • ?????
  • ?????
  • ????????

29
Therapeutic principle
  • ????
  • ?????????????
  • ??????
  • ????
  • ???????
  • ??????
  • ?????
  • ??
  • ??
  • ??????
  • ??????

30
????????
  • ??????? ?????????,?????????????,??????????????
  • ???????,?????????????????????,???????,????????
  • ?????????????????????
  • ????????,????????500ml??
  • ????????????????????????????????????????6-10cm
    H20????X??????
  • ?????????????????????????0.5kg????????????????
    ???gt20cmH20???????????????,???????????????

31

ARF??
32
(No Transcript)
33

34
(No Transcript)
35
(No Transcript)
36
(No Transcript)
37
????????
  • ?????????????????????????
  • ???30-35Kcal/d/kg,????????????100 g
  • ????0.6-0.8g/kg/d??????????????????????????
  • ?????????????
  • ??????????????????????
  • ?????????????????????????????????????5L??????,????
    ????????(continuous renal replacement therapy,
    CRRT)

38
????????-??????
  • ????lt6.Ommol /L
  • ??????????????????,????????(15-30g,tid)
  • ??gt6.Ommol/L,????
  • ??????????
  • 10?????10-20ml,2-5min?????
  • 11.2 ???40-200ml??
  • ?????????5????100-200ml??
  • 25???3ml/h??????0.5U/kg/h
  • ???????????????,????????????
  • ???????????????

39
????????-????????
  • ??????
  • HCO3-lt15mmo1/L,??5SB100-250ml??
  • ?????????,??????

40
????????-??????
  • ?????????
  • ????????????????????????
  • ?????????? ???????????
  • ????????????????

41
????????
  • ??????
  • ????????,????????????
  • ????????????????????????????,??Ccr????
  • ??????

42
Renal Replacement Therapy-Indication
  • ?????
  • ??????,????6.5mmol/L
  • ???442µmol/L???????21.4mmol/L??
  • ???????,?????????176.8µmol/L???????????8.9mmol/L??
  • ?????
  • ????
  • ?????
  • ????

43
Renal Replacement Therapy--Modality
  • ????
  • ????
  • ?????????(CRRT)
  • ?????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ???,??????????????????????????

44
Modality to ARF
  • Intermittence
  • IHD
  • SLED/EDD
  • Continuity
  • PD
  • CRRT
  • SCUF
  • CAVH/CVVH
  • CAVHD/CVVHD
  • CAVHDF/CVVHDF

45
?????????-CRRT
  • CRRT ????????24????????????????
  • ?1977?Kramer?????CAVH??ARF?, CRRT???????????
  • CRRT?????????????????????

46
?????
?? Ultrafitration
?? Absorption
?? Convection
?? Diffusion
500
5000
50000
47
Convection Diffusion
48
Absorption
49
Modality
CVVHDF
CVVH HVHF
CVVHD CVVHFD
CVV
SCUF CPFA
CAVHD
CAVH
CAVHDF
CAV
HF
HDF
HD
50
CRRT???
  • CRRT???????????????????,???????????????
    ???SIRS?MODS??????????,?????????,????????????,????
    ??????????????

51
CRRT??????
  • ??????RRT
  • ????ARF??????
  • ????????
  • ??????
  • ???????
  • ???
  • ??????????
  • ??????(MODS,Sepsis,SIRS)

52
??????????????
  • ?????????????????
  • ???????????,?????
  • ????????,?????????????,??????????,????????
  • ??????????????????,????????,??????
  • ?????????,?????
  • ???????????????????????,??????????????

53
(No Transcript)
54
(No Transcript)
55
(No Transcript)
56
?????????
  • ???
  • ???,??GFR????,???????????,????????????????,ARF????
    ????????????????????????,??????,??????????????
  • ???????,?????????1???????????????????????,????????
    ??????,??????????????????????????????, ?????
  • ??????????, ??????

57
Prognosis
  • ???????7-23
  • ????MODS????50-80
  • ???????????????????
  • ????????????????????

58
(No Transcript)
59
(No Transcript)
60
(No Transcript)
61
(No Transcript)
62
(No Transcript)
63
Prevention
  • ???????,??????ATN???????????????ARF????
  • ????????,??????,????????,????,?????????
  • ?????ARF???
  • ????????????????(????????????????)????????????????
    ????
  • ????????????,??????????????
  • ????????,??????????
  • ??????????????

64
(No Transcript)
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