Urban Theory

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Urban Theory
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Burgess Model
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Concentric Rings
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Urban Transect
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Hoyt Model
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Central Business District (CBD)

• As land values increase towards the city centre
  buildings become higher. It is cheaper to build
  upwards than across
• Has the departmental shops, large offices, main
  railway and bus stations, many churches, pubs,
  clubs and cinemas and the town hall
• The main roads head into the C.B.D.
• C.B.D.s suffer from the worst traffic congestion

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Inner-city

• Old factories and houses are mixed in together as
  they were built when most people walked to work
• Housing is usually terraced housing, in rows
• There are often empty buildings, derelict land,
  vandalism, crime, poverty, unemployment and other
  social and economic problems
• Recent changes have taken place in these areas
  many high rise multi-storey residential blocks of
  flats have been built

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Suburbs

• Younger buildings than in the middle of the city
• Cul-de-sacs (dead ends) slow down traffic to make
  the streets safer
• More detached and semi-detached houses as the
  land is less expensive people have gardens
• Fewer factories than the inner city
• More open space and parks
• Many people travel from here to the city for work
• Less pollution than the centre of the city

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Rural-Urban Fringe

• This is on the boundary of the town and country
• As towns and cities expand, more countryside is
  being used for housing
• Only possible as most houses now have at least
  one car
• There are also out-of-town shopping centres and
  supermarkets