An Integrated English Course Book 4

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An Integrated English Course Book 4

• Unit Eight The Monster

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Questions for general understanding

1. How do you understand the title? What or who does
   the monster refer to?
2. Whats the authors purpose of writing? (p.120)
3. To what extent were Wagners characteristics
   displeasing?
4. What contributions did Wagner make?
5. In what sense may Wagner be said to be a monster?
6. What type of writing is the text? How many parts
   can we divide the text into? What are they?

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Richard Wagner

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??? Wagner, (Wilhelm) Richard

• ??????(Richard Wagner,1813-1883),1813?????,??????
  ????????
• ??????????????????,??????????????????????????????,
  ????????????????????????????????,?????????????????
  ???????????????????,?????????????  ????  ???????
  ?,??????????????????????,???????????  ?????  ,??
  ??????????????,???????????,????????????? 1848?????
  ????????,???????????????????,??????????????????,??
  ??????????,????  ????  ???????????????  ????? 
   ?????? 
• ?????????????,?????????????,?????????????????,????
  ???????,????????????????????,????????????????,??
  ??????????????????,???????????????????????????????
  ???,?????????????,????????????????????,???????????
  ????????????,????????? 
• ????????????????????????????????????? 11
  ???,9???,1????,4??????????????????,????????????
  ???????????????

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Purpose of writing

• -- To argue that Wagners contributions and
  creativity render forgivable his displeasing
  characteristics.

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To what extent were Wagners characteristics
displeasing?

• He was an undersized little man, with a head too
  big for his body
• He was a monster of conceit
• He had a mania for being in the right

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What contributions did Wagner make?

• He wrote 13 operas and music dramas, 11 of them
  still holding the stage, 8 of them unquestionably
  worth ranking among the worlds great
  musico-dramatic masterpieces.
• He was one of the worlds greatest dramatists
  ... a great thinker .., one of the most
  stupendous musical geniuses.

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• In what sense may Wagner be said to be a monster?
• Wagner was a monster in the sense that the
  tremendous creative power within him worked in an
  exceedingly constructive manner without crushing
  his poor brain and body along the way.

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What type of writing is the text?

• -- biography/ narration

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Text structure

• This text can be divided into three parts.
• Part I (Paragraphs 1-9) describes a man who
  seems to have rolled all kinds of demerits into
  one, a real monster.
• Part II (Paragraph 10) serves as a transitional
  paragraph , which clarifies who this monster
  really is, i.e. a famous musician by the name of
  Richard Wagner.
• Part III (Paragraphs 11-13) justifies all the
  peculiar behaviors of Richard Wagner. He, as one
  of the worlds greatest dramatists ... a great
  thinker .., one of the most stupendous musical
  geniuses, has every reason to be a monster.

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Part I Paragraphs 1-9

• This part gives an account of the peculiar
  features of a monster in his appearance and
  personality.

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Language work

• undersized too small or smaller than usual,
  especially because of lack of growth ??????, ????
  
• sickly
• (1) adj. habitually ill weak and
  unhealthy???,????
• a sickly child ?????
• a sickly -looking plant ???????
• (2) adv.
• Bill went sickly pale. ???????,?????

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• And he had delusions of grandeur. --And he had
  a false belief that he was a man of importance.
• delusion a false belief or opinion
• That sick man is under the delusion that he is
  Napoleon.
• suffer from delusions ????
• delusion of grandeur a false belief in oneself
  as a person with great beauty, power, or
  intelligence, etc.????
• She wants to travel first-class she must have
  delusions of grandeur. ????????, ??????????

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Delusion, illusion

• delusion, illusion?????????????????
• delusion ??????????????????,?????????,?????
  ??????
• illusion ????????,?????????????,?????????????????
  ??,???????????????
• The worst thing about the do-it-yourself game is
  that sometimes husbands live the delusion that
  they can do anything even when they have been
  repeatedly proved wrong.???????????,?????????????
  ????,??????????????
• Even he still lives under the illusion that
  country life is somehow superior to town
  life.?????????,????,????????????
• He cherished the illusion that everybody admires
  him.????????????

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• Never for one minute did he look at the world or
  at people, except in relation to himself. -- He
  had never cared about other people and things in
  this world if they had nothing to do with him.
• in relation to concerning with regard to
• I have a lot to say in relation to your new
  project.

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• To hear him talk, he was Shakespeare, and
  Beethoven, and Plato, rolled into one. -- He
  was often heard to boast of being a genius with a
  combined quality of Shakespeare, the greatest
  dramatist, Beethoven, the greatest composer and
  Plato, the greatest philosopher.
• William Shakespeare (1564 -1616), English poet
  and dramatist.
• Ludwig van Beethoven (1770 -1827), German
  composer.
• Plato (427?-347? B. C. ), Greek philosopher.
• roll into one integrate several things or
  features into one
• She has become his assistant and secretary rolled
  into one.

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• He had a mania for being in the right.-- He has
  an extremely strong desire of being right.
• a mania (for doing something) a desire so
  strong that it seems mad ?? ??
• She has a mania for driving fast cars.
• The slightest hint of disagreement, from anyone,
  on the most trivial point, was enough to set him
  off on a harangue that might last for hours ...
  -- If anyone disagreed with him, no matter how
  small the sign of disagreement was and how
  trivial the point was, he would make a lengthy
  speech for hours to prove himself right ...
• harangue a speech addressed to a public
  assembly????,????

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• volubility (often derogatory) the characteristic
  of always being ready to produce a continuous
  flow of words, or being talkative
• voluble fml esp derog characterized by a ready
  and continuous flow of words fluent talkative
  ???,???
• Teds a voluble speaker at meetings he doesnt
  give much chance to others to say anything.
• for the sake of ??
• 1) for the good or advantage of
• If you wont do it for your own sake, then do it
  for mine.
• My art does not try to serve society, its just
  art for arts sake.
• 2) for the purpose of
• Ill give up smoking for the sake of health.

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• It never occurred to him that he and his doing
  were not of the most intense and fascinating
  interest to anyone with whom he came in contact.
  -- He had never thought whether other people
  around him would have as great interest in him
  and his doing as he himself did.
• vegetarianism the belief or practice of a
  vegetarian who does not eat or does not believe
  in eating meat, fish, fowl, or in some cases, any
  food derived from animals

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• at someones expense with someone paying the
  cost
• He had his book printed at his own expense.
• at sbs expense if you do something at someones
  expense, they pay for you to do it ?????
• Her mansion was refurnished at taxpayers'
  expense.
• They had a good laugh at Sam's expense.
• ???????????
• cf. at the expense of causing the loss of
• He built up a successful business but it was all
  done at the expense of his health.

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• out of sorts -- in a bad temper feeling unwell
  or annoyed
• She's been out of sorts since the birth of her
  baby. ?????????????.
• He's always out of sorts early in the morning.
  ?????????.

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rave

• 1) talk wildly as if mad ??????????
• He raved all night in his fever.
• Father is raving at/against the Government again.
• (at/against/about sb/sth)
• 2) speak or write about sb/sth with enthusiasm or
  admiration????,??
• She simply raved about French cooking.
  ??????????.

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• sink into suicidal gloom fall into a gloomy
  state which makes one wish to kill himself
• sink into sth (no passive ???????) go into (a
  less active or happy state) ??(??? ??????????)
• sink into sleep, a coma, etc ??? ????
• Don't let yourself sink into despair.
  ???????????.
• be sunk in sth be in such a state of (esp despair
  or deep thought) ?????(???)(???????)
• She just sat there, sunk in depression. ??????,
  ??????.

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• darkly in a vaguely threatening or menacing
  manner ???????
• He spoke darkly of trouble to come.
• hint darkly hidden dangers
• grief-stricken overcome with, characterized by,
  or resulting from great sorrow ??????????
• -stricken????,????
• panic-stricken????? crisis-stricken?????poverty-
  stricken students/mountainous area
  earthquake-stricken area
• a panic-stricken mother looking for her child

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• Para. 5... and could be callous and heartless to
  a degree that would have made a Roman emperor
  shudder.-- ... and could be so merciless that
  even the cruel Roman emperor would have felt
  fearful.
• callous unkind without feelings for the
  sufferings of other people???,??? (cruel,
  merciless, ruthless)
• shudder shake uncontrollably from fear, cold, or
  strong dislike
• She shuddered at the sight of the dead body.

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• (be) innocent (of ) -- uninformed unaware
  ignorant
• innocent of a crime ????
• lacking sth ???????? a bare room, innocent of
  any decoration ??????, ????.
• Para. 6 He was almost innocent of any sense of
  responsibility.
• Paraphrase He had almost no knowledge of sense
  of responsibility.
• Para. 6 He was convinced that the world owed him
  a living.-- He firmly believed that the world
  had to support him for a living.

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good for

• 1. beneficial, wholesome
• Sunshine is good for your plants.
• 2. suitable, appropriate
• This beach is good for swimming but bad for
  surfing.
• 3. (of a person or his credit) such that he will
  be able to repay ??????
• He/His credit is good for 5000.
• 4. valid ???
• The return half of the ticket is good for three
  months.

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• (Para. 6) He wrote begging letters by the score,
  sometimes groveling without shame, at others
  loftily offering his intended benefactor the
  privilege of contributing to his support, and
  being mortally offended if the recipient declined
  the honor. --He wrote large numbers of letters
  to his patron begging shamelessly for money, but
  in a manner that it seemed to be an honor for the
  patron to be offered the chance to provide his
  support to him. Thats why he would be greatly
  offended if the patron refused to take this
  honor.
• by the score large numbers of a great many
• grovel be shamefully humble and eager to
  please????????
• loftily in a manner showing belief of being
  better than other people ???

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• (Para. 7) What money he could lay his hands on he
  spent like an Indian rajah. --Whatever money
  coming into his hands he spent lavishly like an
  Indian ruler did.
• lay hands on ??, ??, ??
• (Para. 7) We do know that his greatest benefactor
  gave him 6,000 to pay the most pressing of his
  debts in one city ...-- His greatest
  benefactor here refers to King Ludwig II.
• pressing Demanding immediate attention
  urgent???,??? ???
• unscrupulous having or showing no moral
  principles?????, ????, ????

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• (Para. 8) An endless procession of women marched
  through his life. -- In his whole life, he had
  never stopped having affairs with women, who had
  come and gone like the marching of an army.
• infidelity disloyalty unfaithfulness
• pull wires use influence, especially secretly,
  from people concerned with something one
  needs??????????
• He had to pull a few wires to get that job.

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puppet/shadow puppet
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caricature
--picture, description or imitation of sb/sth
that exaggerates certain characteristics in order
to amuse or ridicule ?? ????????
Shoes at George Bush caricature
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• caricature a representation of a person in
  literature or art made so that parts of his
  character appear more noticeable, odd, or amusing
  than they really are
• be content with feel happy or satisfied with
• John was content with two glasses of beer even
  though he could have had more.
• burlesque cause to appear amusing by means of
  acting or writing a serious thing into a foolish
  one??????????????

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Questions for discussion

1. Does the mans appearance, described in the first
   paragraph, give one any impression of grandeur?
2. What are the further evidences of the monsters
   conceit? (Para. 2-3)
3. What kinds of grammatical devices are used to
   emphasize the extreme extent of his peculiar
   conceit?(Para.2-3)
4. What kind of versatile man is he?
5. How does the writer describe him as an emotional
   person? (Para.5)
6. How was he financially supported? Did he earn
   himself a good living with his great talents?
7. What is his attitude toward love?
8. Why do you think Wagner made so many enemies?

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• 1) Does the mans appearance, described in the
  first paragraph, give one any impression of
  grandeur?
• No. He is a little man with the sign of illness,
  sick in both body and nerves. This is by no means
  an appearance that may bring one a sense of
  grandeur. Then what makes the man with such a
  poor look have delusions of grandeur? The only
  explanation is that he is a monster of conceit.

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• 2) What are the further evidences of the
  monsters conceit? (Para. 2-3)
• To prove his conceit, the second paragraph
  describes him as so egocentric that he cared
  about nothing but himself he had such a strong
  sense of self-appreciation that he saw himself
  not just as the greatest musician and
  philosopher, but also as the worlds finest
  living poet and playwright. And the third
  paragraph tells that he never expected criticism
  or allowed disagreement.

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• 3) What kinds of grammatical devices are used to
  emphasize the extreme extent of his peculiar
  conceit?(Para.2-3)
• Inverted sentence Never for one minute did he
  look at the world or at people, except in
  relation to himself.
• The superlative forms of adjectives one of the
  greatest dramatists in the world one of the
  greatest thinkers, and one of the greatest
  composers one of the most exhausting
  conversationalists that ever lived the slightest
  hint of disagreement on the most trivial point.

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• 4) What kind of versatile man is he?
• Besides his activity as a composer and a
  librettist (????),Wagner wrote an astonishing
  number of books and articles, in fact about 230
  titles. His literary spectrum ranges from
  theories of opera to political programs. He has
  been classified as an anarchist(??????)and a
  socialist and, simultaneously, as a proto-fascist
  and nationalist, as a vegetarian and an
  anti-Semite(????) ... In fact, his name has
  appeared in connection with almost all major
  trends in German history of the 19th and 20th
  centuries.

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• 5) How does the writer describe him as an
  emotional person? (Para.5)
• He had a mood as changeable as a six-year-old
  child. For example, he would get mad when
  something was against his desire, and forget all
  about it when something pleasant happened. And he
  would be grieved on one occasion but become
  merciless on another.

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• 6) How was he financially supported? Did he earn
  himself a good living with his great talents?
• He lived on others money. Through his life, he
  found many benefactors, among whom King Ludwig II
  and Otto Wesendonck were two of the most generous
  ones. In 1864 King Ludwig II, his greatest
  benefactor, invited him to settle in Bavaria,
  near Munich, discharging all his debts and
  providing him with money. Another generous patron
  Otto Wesendonck, whose wife was stolen away by
  Wagner, supported him economically by buying the
  publishing rights of his works. However, later it
  turned out that he had to give up his publishing
  rights because Wagner had sold them again to
  others.
• Although these benefactors had provided him with
  a great sum of money and never got any repayment,
  Wagner kept living in debts and in a narrow
  escape from being thrown into jail for debts
  because he was a lavish spender.

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• 7) What is his attitude toward love?
• It seems that he was a playboy. He divorced his
  first wife Minna Planer after 26 years marriage
  (1836-1862) and stole away other peoples wives,
  e.g. Jessie Laussot, Mathilde Wesendonck, Cosima
  von Bülow, the last one was the wife of the
  conductor Hans von Bülow, and Liszts daughter.

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• 8) Why do you think Wagner made so many enemies?
• The reason for Wagner to have made many enemies
  is also his conceit, because he could not
  tolerate anyone who disagreed with him, even over
  some trivial points like weather. He was under
  such a delusion of grandeur that he would do
  anything to defeat them in order to defend his
  image as a perfect genius rather than keep them
  as friends.

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Part II Paragraph 10

• This paragraph serves as a transitional part,
  which clarifies who this monster really is.

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Language work

• on record ??????????
• testimony a formal statement that something is
  true, as made by a witness in a court of law??
• (read) between the lines (find) hidden meanings
• Some kinds of poetry make you read between the
  lines.
• And the curious thing about this record is that
  it doesnt matter in the least.
• Paraphrase Although the monsters peculiar
  personality and behavior described previously are
  all facts on record, people just care nothing
  about them at all.

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Questions for discussion

• 1) Why do you think the writer postpones the
  presentation of this monsters name till the 10th
  paragraph?
• Describing the features of this monster first
  without introducing his name helps the readers
  draw a picture of Richard Wagner faithful to the
  reality. Presenting Richard Wagners name first
  may interfere with their objective conclusion on
  what kind of person Wagner really was. Postponed
  appearance of Wagners name not only holds the
  reader in suspense, but, more importantly,
  inspires the reader to find excuses for all the
  monsters demerits illustrated previously.

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• 2) Has your attitude towards this monster changed
  a little when you finally find out who this
  monster is?
• Yes. Before knowing who this monster is, the
  readers may feel annoyed at his personality and
  behavior. However, after knowing that he is
  Richard Wagner, they would, though being aware
  that the descriptions are all facts on record,
  still hold that Wagners outstanding
  contributions to the world justify all his
  behavior. He deserved what he had obtained in his
  life, no matter how unacceptably he behaved.

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Part III Paragraphs 11-13

• Paragraphs 11-13 justify (show sth. is right or
  reasonable find good reasons for) all the
  peculiar behaviors of the monster.
• Richard Wagner, as one of the worlds greatest
  dramatists... a great thinker ... one of the most
  stupendous musical geniuses, has every reason to
  be a monster.

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Language work

• the joke's on sb (infml ?) sb who tried to make
  another person look foolish now looks ridiculous
  instead ??????, ????????
• hold the stage be performed be the center of
  attention????, ???????????????
• We had only one hour to discuss the question and
  Mr. Hones held the stage for most of it.

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• Para. 12 ... when you listen to what he wrote,
  the debts and heartaches that people had to
  endure from him dont seem much of a price.--
  ... when you listen to his music, all his debts
  seem to be repaid and the heartaches he brought
  to people seem to be relieved.
• of a price?????

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• Para. 13 Not for a single moment did he ever
  compromise with what he believed, with what he
  dreamed. -- As for his belief and dream, he had
  never lowered his aim and ceased his persistent
  effort to make them come true.
• compromise with sb. on sth. ??
• downright thoroughly??????
• It makes me downright angry to see food thrown
  away.

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• Para. 13 Listening to his music, one does not
  forgive him for what he may or may not have been.
  It is not a matter of forgiveness. -- His music
  was so great that people would forgive him for
  all the misdeeds that he had done and the good
  deeds that he failed to do. As a matter of fact,
  what his music arouses in peoples mind is not
  anything like forgiveness at all, but admiration.

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• Para. 13 It is a matter of being dumb with wonder
  that his poor brain and body didnt burst under
  the torment of the demon of creative energy that
  lived inside him, struggling, clawing, scratching
  to be released tearing, shrieking at him to
  write the music that was in him.-- It must be
  a surprise that inside his sickly little body,
  there lived a strong force of creativity, which
  was so eager to burst out of his body that it
  would have been a torture for him not to write
  music.

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• Para. 13 Is it any wonder he had no time to be a
  man? --Since Wagner was such a miraculous
  monster, is it any wonder that he didnt behave
  like a normal human being in this world? /-- It
  is reasonable for him to act like a monster in
  other respects when he was wholly engaged in
  composing music.

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Questions for discussion

• 1) How does the writer justify every piece of
  evidence of the monster, which he has presented
  previously?
• 2) What is the writers real intention of writing
  this article?
• 3) What is your final conclusion about Richard
  Wagner? Do you agree that he is a monster?

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• 1) How does the writer justify every piece of
  evidence of the monster, which he has presented
  previously?
• The writer tries to provide a reasonable
  explanation for each of the monsters
  characteristics in both his personality and
  behavior as regards his conceit of being right,
  he argues that Wagner did so because he was
  really right all the time and though Wagner had
  been talking about himself twenty-four hours a
  day, he still had so much unsaid concerning all
  kinds of disputes over him Wagners great
  contribution to the world could repay any debts
  and release all kinds of heartaches he had
  brought to people he certainly had had so many
  love affairs with different women, however, he
  had never been unfaithful to music through his
  life. In short, the writer concludes that it is
  reasonable for Wagner to act in a monsters way
  since he was such a great genius who had done a
  miracle in music.

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• 2) What is the writers real intention of writing
  this article?
• By writing this article the writer tries to
  justify the peculiar behavior of Wagner.
• 3) What is your final conclusion about Richard
  Wagner? Do you agree that he is a monster?
• He is a genius as well as a monster.

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Text comprehension -II

• 1. T. Refer to Paragraphs 2-3.
• 2. F. Refer to Paragraph 5, which indicates he
  was emotionally unstable. As a matter of fact, he
  was described to be emotionally capricious(?????)
  as a child.
• 3. F. Refer to Paragraph 7, which states he was
  taken responsible for large sums of debts.
• 4. F. Refer to Paragraph 8. A lot of women came
  into his life as a result of his pursuit, and
  were abandoned by him in the end.
• 5. T. Refer to Paragraph 12.
• 6. T. Refer to Paragraph 13.

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III. Answer the following questions.

• 1. Refer to Paragraph 1. He had a short stature
  with a disproportionately large head. And he had
  skin diseases.
• 2. Refer to Paragraph 2. He believed he was one
  of the greatest men in the world, a great
  composer, a great thinker and a great dramatist
  combined into one. A man of such arrogance cannot
  help but take himself as the center of
  conversations.

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• 3. Refer to Paragraph 3. If anyone showed slight
  disagreement with him, he would make a lengthy
  and aggressive speech for hours to prove himself
  to be in the right. This would force his dazed
  and deafened hearers to surrender.
• 4. Refer to Paragraph 5. He was emotionally
  capricious (?????)like a child. Rapture (i.e.
  great joy) in him could easily turn into extreme
  melancholy (sorrow or sadness). Heartlessness and
  indifference were witnessed on different
  occasions. Moreover, his emotional states always
  found outward expressions.

60

• 5. Refer to Paragraphs 11 and 12. The author says
  that Wagner was among the greatest dramatists,
  the greatest thinkers and the most tremendous
  musical geniuses in our world. His immortal works
  far exceeded in value the tortures his arrogance
  inflicted upon others and the debts he owed.
• 6. Refer to Paragraph 13. The tremendous
  creative power, which propelled him to produce so
  many memorable works in his little span of life,
  could have crushed his poor brain and body.
  However, he miraculously survived and made all
  the immortal accomplishments. In this sense he
  was a monster rather than a human being.

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IV. Explain in your own words the following
sentences taken from the text.

• 1. He almost had no sense of responsibility.
• 2. He wrote large numbers of letters begging for
  money. In some letters he was servile without
  shame, and in other letters he loftily offered
  his targeted benefactor the privilege of
  contributing to his support. If the recipient
  refused to accept his offer, i.e. refused to lend
  him money, he would fly into a rage.
• 3. He would use influence from as many people as
  possible in order to meet some admirer of his who
  was readily useful to him.
• 4. Since Wagner was such a miraculous monster, is
  it any wonder that he didnt behave like a normal
  human being in this world?

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Structural analysis of the text

• In the first 10 paragraphs, we can find the
  following words and expressions used by the
  author to describe Richard Wagner as a monster of
  conceit
• delusions of grandeur/ monster of conceit /
  believed himself to be one of the greatest
  dramatists/one of the greatest thinkers/ one of
  the greatest composers / most exhausting
  conversationalist/ right in so many ways/ had
  theories about almost any subject under the sun /
  almost innocent of any sense of responsibility /
  an endless procession of women ...

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• In the remaining paragraphs, we can find the
  following words and expressions used to describe
  him as a great genius
• right all the time/ one of the worlds greatest
  dramatists / a great thinker / one of the most
  stupendous musical geniuses ... the world has
  ever seen / owe him a living ...

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Rhetorical features of the text

• The repetitious use of the third person pronoun
  he creates suspense in the readers mind. This is
  one of the effective ways to hold the readers
  attention and make him move on. To use the
  terminology of functional linguistics and
  discourse analysis, this use of he is cataphoric
  in nature. The anaphoric use of he can be found
  in sentences such as I have a friend and he is
  working in New York, in which he refers back to
  my friend.

65
Vocabulary exercises

• I. Explain the underlined part in each sentence
  in your own words.
• 1. an unusual person with excessive self-pride
• 2. combined with their main features
• 3. in a bad temper feeling unwell or annoyed
• 4. had almost no knowledge of
• 5. use as much influence as possible from behind
  the scenes
• 6. make concession

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II. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms
of the given words.

• 1. testifying 2. tormentors
• 3. inconceivable 4. arrogantly
• 5. gloomy 6. exhausted
• 7. was deluding 8. lofty

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IV. Explain the meaning of the underlined word or
phrase in each sentence.

• 1. company
• 2. controlled
• 3. imprecise
• 4. out of fashion
• 5. immediately
• 6. cover

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Grammar exercises

• I. Note the use of prepositions in the following
  sentences.
• The choice of a preposition may be determined by
  the noun, adjective or verb before it or by the
  noun after it.
• Prepositions can be made up of one word only (e.
  g. of, for) or of more than one word (e.g. out
  of, for the sake of).

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II. Complete the following sentences with
prepositions.

• 1. at 2. on
• 3. to 4. at
• 5. from 6. of
• 7. in, for, at 8. on, of, of
• 9. over 10. on, under, out of

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IV. Rewrite the following paragraph.

• Both John and I wanted to go to the movies, but
  we could not agree on what picture we should go
  to see. A new picture was showing at the Palace
  and another at the Globe. Neither John nor I had
  seen either of these pictures. I wanted to see
  the one at the Globe, but John didnt.

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V. Make sentences of your own after the sentences
given below.

• 1. Work interests him to such a degree that he
  thinks about nothing else.
• Sanitary conditions had deteriorated to a degree
  that there would be widespread danger of disease.
• 2. What if someone asked me for an explanation of
  that video recorder?
• What if the machine was suddenly out of control?

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Translation -I

• 1. For the sake of your family, you should look
  before you leap and not take so many risks.
• 2. I felt a bit out of sorts after last nights
  heavy drink.
• 3. His father pulled endless wires and got him a
  position in an inflated government department.
• 4. If you read his letter carefully, you can find
  his real intention between the lines.

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• 5. I knew I was downright rude to him, but I
  found excuses for myself.
• 6. Many of the outstanding figures of the past
  were exceptionally versatile. Leonardo da Vinci,
  for instance, rolled a painter and an inventor
  into one.
• 7. He finally killed himself after being under
  the torment of insomnia for many years.
• 8. He was struck dumb with amazement.

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II. Translate the following passage into Chinese.

• 2001?7?7?,????????????????????????
• ???????Daniel Barenhoim??????????????????????????,
  ????????????????,?????????????
• ??????????,???????????????????????????????
• ????????????????????,??????????????????????
• ????????????????????????,?????????????????????????
  ???
• ?Barenhoim????,????????????????,??????????????????
  ????????????,??????????????????????

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- Dictation

• As one of the key figures in the history of
  opera, / Richard Wagner was largely responsible /
  for altering its orientation in the nineteenth
  century. / His program of artistic reform,/
  though not executed to the last detail, /
  accelerated the trend towards organically
  conceived structures, / as well as influencing
  the development of the orchestra, / of a new
  breed of singer, / and of various aspects of
  theatrical practice. / As the most influential
  composer / during the second half of the
  nineteenth century, / Richard Wagners conception
  of music/ remains very much with us / even a
  century after his death. / His style of
  orchestration can be heard in many movie scores.
  / Wagner thought / his Music Dramas were to be
  the models for the twentieth century opera, / but
  he could not foresee the path / of total
  abandonment of tonality / that was to
  revolutionize music in the early twentieth
  century.

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II. Fill in each blank in the passage below with
ONE appropriate word.

• 1. while 2. feminine
• 3. that 4. also
• 5. right 6. in
• 7. where 8. without
• 9. of 10. than

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Text II Simple Habits, Deep Thoughts

• Questions for discussion
• 1. He is simple in his habits. He does not pay
  much attention to his personal appearance. His
  clothes are baggy and he wears bedroom slippers
  when walking on the streets.

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• 2. Basically the theory proposed, among other
  things, that the greatest speed possible is the
  speed of light that the rate of a clock moving
  through space will decrease as its speed
  increases and the energy and mass are equal and
  interchangeable.
• 3. To illustrate his profound idea, Einstein
  compares it to the ways one feels when he is
  sitting with a nice girl and when he is sitting
  on a hot stove.
• 4. Wagner was arrogant, aggressive, and
  self-centered whereas Einstein was modest,
  amiable and easy-going. Wagner was a monster but
  Einstein was absolutely a gentleman.

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Quiz -Voc

• 1. ???? 2. ??
• 3. ??,?? 4. ???
• 5. ???,??? 6. ??,???
• 7. ??? 8. ??,??
• 9. ???? 10. ?????,???
• 11.?? 12. ????
• 13. ??,?? 14. ??,???

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Key -Voc

• 1. agony 2. arrogance
• 3. testimony 4. recipient
• 5. benefactor 6. pamphlet
• 7. conversationalist 8. procession
• 9. suicidal 10. downright
• 11. conceit 12. vegetarianism
• 13. compromise 14. caricature