Summarizing, Quoting, Paraphrasing and Analyzing

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Summarizing, Quoting, Paraphrasing and Analyzing

• Four basic techniques of academic prose

2
Summarizing

• Read, reread and three-read

3
Summarizing

• Read, reread and three-read
• Find the authors main claim or central research
  question

4
Summarizing

• Read, reread and three-read
• Find the authors main claim or central research
  question
• Outline the article, hitting key sub points

5
Summarizing

• Read, reread and three-read
• Find the authors main claim or central research
  question
• Outline the article, hitting key sub points
• Pay attention to the abstract, if there is one

6
Quoting

• Keep quotations brief, especially if you are in
  the sciences.
• The study reported that School curricula should
  deal directly with issues of power, gender
  politics and violence against women.

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Quoting

• Keep quotations brief, especially if you are in
  the sciences.
• Become a fan of partial quotes.
• The AAUW report is "politicized research" and
  "false political propaganda," says Judith
  Kleinfeld, professor of psychology at the
  University of AlaskaFairbanks.

8
Quoting

• Keep quotations brief, especially if you are in
  the sciences.
• Become a fan of partial quotes.
• Use block quotations sparingly.

9
Paraphrasing

• A paraphrase needs to be in your own words. If
  the language is too close to the original, you
  risk the charge of plagiarism.

10
Analyzing

• A summary tells us what someone said, while an
  analysis tells us what it means.

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Analyzing

• Look up unfamiliar words or technical terms.

12
Analyzing

• Look up unfamiliar words or technical terms.
• Make sure you understand what the author is
  arguing.

13
Analyzing

• Look up unfamiliar words or technical terms.
• Make sure you understand what the author is
  arguing.
• Engage your critical thinking skills.

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Analyzing

• Look up unfamiliar words or technical terms.
• Make sure you understand what the author is
  arguing.
• Engage your critical thinking skills.
• Reading is key. If you dont understand what
  youve read, it will be hard to analyze it.

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Analyzing

• Look up unfamiliar words or technical terms.
• Make sure you understand what the author is
  arguing.
• Engage your critical thinking skills.
• Reading is key. If you dont understand what
  youve read, it will be hard to analyze it.
• Read actively.