Russia

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Russias Communist Revolution1917
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Before World War I, Russia was ruled by a rich
autocrat named Czar Nicholas II.
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Nicolas II

• Nicholas II failed to solve Russias political,
  economic and social problems

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Nicolas II and Alexandra

• Nicholas leaves Russia
• Why?
• Left in the hands of his wife Alexandra
• Why is this a problem?

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Some people believed that the Czars wife
Alexandra was a German Spy.
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She was under the influence of the crazy Siberian
monk Rasputin.
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More about Rasputin

• He was considered an outcast by society, but was
  taken on by the Czars family as a holy man
• Why did they take him in?

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(No Transcript)
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• He was hard to kill!
• The extended family of the Czar noticed the
  negative influence that Rasputin was having on
  the family, they tried to kill him

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• Poisoned him
• Shot him in the back-he escaped
• Shot him in the head-he didnt die!
• Beaten
• Threw him in the Niva riverhe drowned (though
  there were claw marks on the bag suggesting that
  he didnt die immediately)
• His body was buried

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The people were angry! They blamed the rich, and
started listening tocommunists.
Hammer Poor industrial workers
Sickle Poor field workers, farmers.
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Communists said they wanted to steal from the
rich to feed the poor.
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During WWI Germany was fighting Russia, and
wanted them to quit. The Germans wanted to focus
on fighting France, Britain and their new ally,
America.
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So, Germany sent Vladimir Lenin, a Communist
(Russian man but living in exile in Germany),
into Russia. Lenins simple message, peace,
land and bread for all made sense to peasants.
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During WWI Lenin started a communist political
group called the Bolsheviks. They took over the
country!
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The Czar steps down

• February/March Revolution
• A temporary (or provisional) government takes
  over.

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With the Czar out of the way, Lenins communist
government took control of the economy! (known
as the October/November Revolution)
They took farmland from the rich and gave it to
the poor
took control of the banks and industry
and established an eight hour workday.
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Reminder

• Lenin also signed the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
  which with withdraw Russia from WWI and give
  western lands to Germany
• Provisional Government (led by Kerensky) wanted
  an end to the war but was not willing to give
  into Germanys demands and could not get Allied
  support that he needed.
• Instead focused on a defensive war
• Germany reacts by sending in more political
  dissenters (like Lenin) to support the Bolsheviks

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• Not everyone in Russia supported Lenins
  takeover, and a civil war started.
• Many people did not support withdrawing from the
  war. White Army had the support of the Allied
  troops in Russia.

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From 1918-1920, Lenins Red Bolsheviks fought
off the Whites. The war killed Russias economy
and 15 million people.
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Thenthey killed them all
Ordid they?
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What about Anastasia?

• Legend has it that Anastasia escaped and wasnt
  killed
• Many women have come forward claiming to be her
• Anna Anderson

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Anna Anderson story

• Anna turned out to be a Polish peasant named
  Franziska Schanzkowska
• She disappeared at the same time a mysterious
  woman in Germany tried to kill herself
• First claimed to be another daughter-Tatiana

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http//www.youtube.com/watch?vd6WGf3pt6_kfeature
relmfusafety_modetruepersist_safety_mode1

• Continuing the Romanov mystery
• In the 1990s it was discovered that it was Alexi
  and Marias bodies were missing (not Anastasias)
  
• In 2007-2009 the remains of the bodies were dug
  up and it was discovered that all bodies were
  accounted for

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After the Reds won, rather than share money and
power as promised, Lenins Bolsheviks kept it for
themselves.
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What were some changes made to the government?
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Capital moved to Moscow
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They created a new flag that symbolized a union
between peasants and workers
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They renamed themselves the Communists.
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Lenin started the New Economic Policy to try to
change the economy
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1922 Lenin renamed Russia the Union of Soviet
Socialist Republics (USSR)
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• "He alone could have found the way back to the
  causeway . . . The Russian people were left
  floundering in the bog. Their worst misfortune
  was his birth . . . their next worst his death.
• Winston Churchill

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When Lenin died, an evil man killed his rivals
and took control of the Communists and the
country.
His name was Joseph Stalin
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STALIN
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Answer these questions on the back of your KWL
chart

• 1. Describe the conditions in Russia that made it
  possible for the people to overthrow the Czar.
• 2. Compare and contrast what happened in the RR
  with one other revolution.
• 3. Describe why the monarchy fell and why the
  provisional government failedcompare and
  contrast.

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http//anna-anderson.webs.com/http//www.bbc.co.
uk/history/worldwars/wwone/eastern_front_01.shtml