Chapter 4, Atomic Theory WOD are underlined

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Chapter 4, Atomic TheoryWOD are underlined
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Each block is an element.
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Learn the name and symbol for elements 1-20 (quiz
on Friday)
Read off the names of the 20 and symbols.
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Daltons atomic theory
4 parts to describing an Atom. Dalton was not
correct but Close Enough to Count!
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Daltons atomic theory 1. Elements are composed
of submicroscopic atoms and are
indivisible.Smallest part of an element is an
atom.  
     Re The Nuke Thread

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Can we divide an atom?What happens if you do?
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(No Transcript)
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If you divide an atom smaller than an atom, it
stops acting like the element and loses its
elemental properties.So Dalton was,Close
enough to count.
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Daltons atomic theory (Not correct, should be
same isotope)2. Atoms of the same element are
identical
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Should beAtoms of the same element have the
same chemical properties and are therefore almost
identical.ORAtoms of the same isotope are
identical. So he was,Close enough to count.
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3. Atoms can combine with one another in simple
whole-number ratios to form compounds(Means
water is always 2 H and 1 O.) 
Compound means Fixed Ratio like H20, not like
salt water, a mixture of NaCl and H20.
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 4. Chemical reactions occur when atoms are
separated, joined, or rearranged. Atoms are
never changed into a different element.
Who was the king of alchemy? Midas and his
golden touch.
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building blocks of atoms electrons, protons,
neutrons WODs at end of this section.
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Protons positive chargein nucleus, pmass 1.0
AMU
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Define 1.0 AMU as the mass of 1 proton
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Neutrons in nucleus, no 1.0AMU no charge
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Electrons (e-) are the smallest negative charge
mass 0.0005 AMU (count as 0 AMU)2000 e- size
of 1 p
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Electrons (e-) are the smallest negative charge
Thank you for TV!!!!
Screen is RGB dots. 1 dot is a pixel.
Purple magnetic charge
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Protons and Neutrons are found in the tiny
nucleus. Electrons surround the nucleus in a
vast cloud. The electron cloud is many times
bigger than the nucleus.
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If the nucleus were the size of a marble, then
the electron cloud would be the size of What?
Guess.
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If the nucleus were the size of a marble and
placed on the middle of the 50 yard line, then
the atom or electron cloud would be the size of
Chiefs Arrowhead Stadium
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Break up a 2nd marble into 2000 pieces. For
Carbon 12, pick 6 of those pieces and scatter
around Arrowhead. Those 6 are the e- cloud.
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Nucleus marble and on the middle of the 50 yard
line. Electron cloud size of Chiefs Arrowhead
Stadium.Then WHAT IS MOST of an Atom made up
of????
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So what is our brains made out of?
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Is the wall behind me solid or is it empty
space???
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In an atom, what isBIG Protons and
NeutronsSMALL Electrons (and everything
else???)
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WOD DefinitionsAtoms Parts Proton, Neutron,
ElectronAtomic Mass Unit AMU, Mass of 1 proton
and standard mass measurement.Proton positive
charge, in nucleus, p,mass 1.0 AMU Neutron
neutral charge, in nucleus, no,mass 1.0 AMU
(think as size p) Close enough to
count!Electron negative charge, orbitals
(orbit), e- , very small so count as 0
AMU.Nucleus Center of an atom p and no.
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Memorize Name and Symbol
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Atomic number protonsWhole number. It is
number of protons in the nucleus of that element
He Atomic number of 2
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How many protons does Ne ALWAYS have?Look in
inside back of textbook.
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Atomic mass proton neutrons.total number of
protons and neutrons in the nucleus
He Atomic mass of 4
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Carbon 14Name followed by atomic mass.C 14
Name is Carbon which means 6 protons and 6
electrons. 14 means protons neutrons 14,
i.e., 8 neutrons.What is different about Carbon
12?
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Carbon 12Name followed by atomic mass.C 12
Name is Carbon which means 6 protons and 6
electrons. 12 means protons neutrons 12,
i.e., 6 neutrons.It has 2 less neutrons than
Carbon 14?
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HWFill out the next page.
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Element Name/ Symbol Protons Mass number Electron Atomic Number Average Neutron
Carbon C
Be
Ne
15.999
7
 
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Day 2
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Day 2 Atomic structure
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Element Name/ Symbol Protons WRITE NOTES HERE Mass number WRITE NOTES HERE Electron WRITE NOTES HERE Atomic Number WRITE NOTES HERE Average Neutron WRITE NOTES HERE
Carbon C See next page for notes.
Be
Ne
15.999
7
 
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Write Notes Here from previous page.Write the
following in the correct places on your HW. Use
some twice.
p, e-, no, At p no p (two
places) Mass - AtPos, Neutral, Neg.
Big Small Nucleus Orbits 1 AMU 0 AMU
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Isotopes different numbers of neutrons. Same
number of protons, same element. of Protons or
Atomic Number determines the chemical behavior of
an element. So Isotopes of the same element
behave the same way Chemically. Very hard to
separate isotopes. 1 or 2 Pencils in
hand of a sprinter.
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Isotopes different numbers of neutrons. Same
number of protons, same element, Carbon 12,
Carbon 13, Carbon 14
What is H3 or C14 known for?
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Average atomic mass average mass of all
isotopes found in nature of an element (shown on
P-table)
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calculating average atomic mass-number of stable
isotopes of that element -mass of each
isotope -natural percent abundance of each
isotope Formula (mass decimal abundance) then
add togetherDont worry if you dont follow, we
will show several examples.
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Fictional element X The above two isotopes are
found. What is the average atomic mass of this
fictional element X?
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The above two isotopes are found. What is the
average atomic mass of this fictional element X?
14amu (.7200) 15amu (.2800)14.28
amu14.28 would be the number on the periodic
table
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14.28 would be the number on the periodic table
NOTES 1.) 14.28 does not end in .000, so it
must have isotopes.2.) 14.28 is closest to 14,
so 14 is the most common isotope in nature.3.)
.28 is bigger than .000, so the other isotopes
are most often 1 bigger than 14. (Approximation,
not a law)
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A chemical is found to have three isotopes, what
is the average atomic mass of this
element?54amu 72.00 55amu 25.0057amu 3.000
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A chemical is found to have three isotopes, what
is the average atomic mass of this
element?54amu 72.00 55amu 25.0057amu
3.00054 amu x .7200 55amu x .2500
57amu x .03000 38.88amu 13.75 amu
1.71amu 54.34 amu
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On average how many protons does carbon have?
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On average how many neutrons does Cl have?
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Elements and chemical symbolsHHydrogenYou need
to know 1-20 for the test ?
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Another Periodic Table example Different
Periodic tables arrange the info in a different
order.
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Memorize Name and Symbol
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Atomic number the number of protons in the
nucleus Average Atomic mass the number of
protons plus the average number of neutrons in
the nucleus
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Ernest Rutherford-gold foil test proposed dense
positively charged nucleus

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The Nucleus 
Show demo with laser light on wall and Bohr atom
model. Hold Bohr model in front of projector and
draw light on board Showing outline of
nucleus. Describe Weds lab with marbles under a
cardboard box.
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Next ChapterThe Bohr Model of the Atom One of
the simplest working models of the atom is that
developed by Niels Bohr. In this, a central
nucleus containing protons and neutrons is
orbited by electrons. The electrons are arranged
in shells or energy levels.
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Extra Material if time permits
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Element song
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Periodic table- elements arranged according to
similarities in their physical and chemical
properties
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periods horizontal rows of the periodic table,
properties change as you go across period,
similar for each period
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groups vertical columns on the p-table, similar
properties