HIST 100 EARLY MEDIAEVAL EUROPE

1
Papal reform movement, starting mid-11th c. 1046
Emperor Henry III (r. 1039-56) takes control of
papacy 1049-54 Pontificate of Leo IX clerical
marriage simony cardinals 1054 Schism between
Roman and Greek Orthodox Churches
2
Investiture Conflict/Papal Revolution Dispute
over lay investiture of bishops 1059 Church
council at Rome entrusts election of popes to
cardinals. Nicholas II (p. 1059- 61) makes
alliance with Normans 1056-1106 Reign of Henry
IV as German emperor
3
1073 Cardinal Hildebrand becomes Pope
Gregory VII (p. 1073-86) Feb 1075 Gregory
issues decree against lay investiture
and Dictatus Papae. Conflict with Henry IV
follows Feb 1076 Gregory excommunicates Henry
4
Jan 1077 Henry successfully begs pope for
absolution at Canossa. German civil war
follows Diet of Augsburg
5
1080 Gregory supports Rudolph in German civil
war, but Henry defeats and kills Rudolph 1084
Henry occupies Rome, has self crowned emperor by
anti-pope. Gregory takes refuge in Castel
SantAngelo, appeals to Normans
6
1084 Normans come to aid of pope.
Germans withdraw from Rome. Normans loot Rome
then withdraw, taking Gregory with them. He dies
soon after in 1086. 1088-99 Pontificate of Urban
II, who re-asserts Gregorys points 1107 First
compromise reached with English king. Compromise
with France follows 1106-25 Reign of Henry V as
German emperor
7
1099-1118 Pontificate of Paschal II 1106-25
Reign of Henry V as German emperor 1111 Henry
occupies Rome, but no permanent solution
reached 1122 Henry and Calixtus II (p. 1119-24)
agree Concordat of Worms papal legates
8
Pope
Cardinals
Archbishops/Bishops
Cathedral Canons, incl. Dean, Chancellor,
Treasurer, Precentor
Archdeacons (usually 4 archdeaconries/diocese)
Rural Deans
Village Priests
Minor Orders