Title: CT???????
1CT???????
- ????
- ??? CT??????
- ??? CT??????
- ??? ??CT????????
- ??? CT???????
- ??? ?????CT????
2??????????
????????? ??????? ??? 2003.11?1?
????????? ??????? ??? 2002.02?1?
?????????????? ????????? ??? ??? 2000.01?1?
????????-CT???? ????????? ?? ?? 2000.05?1?
3- ??? CT??????
- ??CT???
- CT(Computed Tomography)??????????,??X?CT?
- X??????,CT?????????
4?1917?Radon????????????? ? 1971??????Hounsfield??
???????CT? ? 1972?????? ? 1974?,?????Ledley?????CT
?. ?Hounsfield???????Cormark???1979????????????
Hounsfield?2004?8?12??????,??84?
5- ??CT?????
- (?)????
- CT????????????X??????????????X????????????
????????????X???????? ?????????
A/D????????????????????????????X????,????????????D
/A?????????????????????????????????CT???
6(No Transcript)
7- (?)CT????????
- 1.CT? (CT number)
- X??????,???????????????????µ,??????????,??CT??
- CT?((µ??-µ?)/µ?)K
- K?????(??1000),?CT?????HU(Hounsfield Unit)
- CT??????????,?????????????????????1,?????2,????0(?
??0.0013),??CT??0HU,???-10001000??2001??????CT??
???
8(No Transcript)
9- 2.??(matrix)
- ?CT???,????????????,???,????????,????????,??
????,512512?10241024????? - ??????????????X??????????,??????????????????????
????? - 3.??(voxel)
- CT????????????(?1mm?5mm?10mm)????,??????????
???????????,??????????? - ??????,??????µ?????
10- 4.??(pixel)
- ??CT????????????????,??????????????????????,
??????????,????????????????????????µ?????,??CT????
??????????????,????????,???????
11- 5.?? (grey scale)
- CT????????????????D/A??????????????????,????
???????????,???????16?,????4????????,??64????????,
?CT??-10001000???,?????????31????CT?? - 6.????(windows technology)
- ?????????????,???????????????,?????????,????
?????????(????),??????????????????,??????????,????
????????
12- (1)??(windows width,WW)
- ????????????16????CT?????
- ??????CT??????,?????????,????,???????CT?????,?????
?????????,?????WW(80100)?????,???????CT?????,????
??,?????,?????????????,?????WW?13001800?
13- (2)?? (windows level,WL)
- ?????????CT??????
- ??????CT?????,WL?????????,?????????????
- ????WL350??
- ????WL -650??
- ??????WL40??
14????
??
(1500,350)
(90,40)
???
??
(1600,-650)
(300,40)
15- (?)CT?????
- ????????????????????????????
- 1.????
- ?X????????????,???????
- ???????X???????????????A/D???????
16- 2.????
- (1)??X??????(???)
- X????????????????,??????,?????????????,?????
?????????????,X??????,??????X???????? - ???????????????,?????????????A/D????????
17- (2)?????????????????,??????????,??????,??????????
?? - (3)??????????????????????????????????,??X????????
??,?????????????????,??????,????????,?????????????
??,??????CT???-1000? - (4)???????????????????????????
18- 3.????
- ??????????????µ1?µ2?µn,????????????????????
- ??????????????,????????????????,???????????,
??????????????????????????????,??????????????????
?? - 4.??????????
- ??????????????,???????????????,?????????????
??,?????CT???
19- ??CT???????
- (?)????
- 1.????X???????????,??????
- 2.X??????????X??, ??? ?
- 3.??????????????????????????????????
- 4.???????????,??X????????
- 5.??????????????,????????
- ???????,??????
- 6.?/????(A/D)
- 7.?????
- 8.?????
- 9.???????CT????????????
- 10.????????????????
20- (?)????
- CT????????????????Unix?Linux??????
- 1.??????
- ??????????????????????????
- 2.??????
- ???????????????(????????????????????)???????
??(??????????????)?????????
21- ??CT??????
- ???????????????????????????????????
- ???CT
- (?)??CT??????
-
22- (?)???????CT
- 1.????
- ??CT?X??-????-?????
- 1985?,????(Toshiba)
- ???????????????,??????????????,??????
- ????????????????????????,?X?????????,????,????,?
????
23- 2.??CT (helical CT)
- ??CT??????????,X?????????????,??????????Z???
??,??????????????CT???????,???????????,???????????
?????????????? - ??CT????????(volumetric scanning)?
- ??X???????????,??CT????????,????CT?,???????
????????????
24- (1)??CT?????
- ???(Helical Pitch)???X????????,????0?,?????CT??
????0.5?,X??????2?????1?,X??????1?????2?,X??????
??,????,?????????????,??????? - ?????(reconstruction interval)???????????????????
???????,??????????????,????????????????? - (2)??CT???
- ?????????????????
- ??????????????,??????
- ??????????????
- ????????,???????????
25- 3.????CT
- (Multi Slice Helical CT,MSCT)
- 1991?,????Elscint?????????CT,?????????CT????
?,1998???RSNA???, Siemens?GE?Marconi(Picker)?Toshi
ba????????????4????????????CT,???????CT(Multi
Detector Row CT,MDCT)?
26(No Transcript)
27(No Transcript)
28(No Transcript)
29(No Transcript)
30(No Transcript)
31- (1)????CT?????CT???
- ?????????????CT?Z???????????,MSCT??4??????????
- ?X???????????????X??????(fan-beam),X??????????MSC
T????????????(cone-beam),????????????,???X?????? - ??????????????Z??????????????,MSCT????????4?,????
???4?????? - ?????????????????????
32- ??????????????????????X????????,?????????,???????
?????X?????,??????????????,???10mm??X??,???4?1.25m
m???????5mm?????,??2?5mm?????,?????2?1.25mm???????
2.5mm?????,??4?2.5mm?????? - ?????????????,????????,??????,??????
- ?MSCT???????????SSCT
33- (2)????CT?????
- ?X??????????
- ??????????????????
- ?????????????
- ?????? ????????,MSCT??????????????,???????,??????
?? - ??????????????????,????99??,??????????Z?????????
??
34- (3)????CT???
- ???????????????
- ?????????????
- ?????????,?????30??????
- ??????????
- ?X????????
- ????????????????
- ?????????????
- ???CT???????
- ????CT???
35- (?)???CT
- ?????CT???????X?????,???????????????????????
,???,????X??????,????????,?????????????,??????????
????30100ms,??????????2???,4?????8???,????????CT?
???????
36- ??CT?????????
- (?)??????
- 1.??
- ?1822????
- 2.??
- ??????4065???
- 3.??
37- (?)CT??????
- 1.????????????,??????????,???????
- 2.??????????????
- 3.????????????
- 4.????????????????,????????????,??????????,???????
- 5.??????????????2??????????,???????X????,???X??,?X
???????????,????????X?????? - 6.?????????
- 7.?????????????????
38- ??CT????????
- 1.??(field of view,FOV)
- (1)????(SFOV)1850cm????????
- (2)????(DFOV)?????????????????????,????????
- 2.????
- 3.??????
- 4.X?????
- 5.X????
- 6.???
- 7.????????,????????????,?????,??????,???????
39- 8.????
- ???????????????(??CT)?X???????????(??CT),???
?????????0.37?(???64?) ? - 9.???????????????
- 10.????
- (1)????
- (2)?????????????????
- (3)?????????????????????????,??????????,??????,??
???? - 11.??(slice thickness)?????,??????????,??????????
????,???????X??????,?????????? - 12. ??(slice gap)????????????????
40- ??CT???????
- 1.??
- (1)????????????????????,??????????
- (2)?????????
- (3)????????
- 2.???
- (1)???????X???,??????????CT?????????
- (2)CT??????????????????????,??????????????????????
??? - (3)CT??????????????,??????????????
- (4)??????????????CT??????????????,??????????????
41??? CT??????
- ??CT???????
- 1.?????
- 2.?????
- 3.?????????????????????CT?????,?????????????????
??????????????? - 4.??????????
- 5.??????????
- 6.???????
42- ????????????
- 1.???????????????,???????????
- 2.????????????,???????
- 3.????????,????????,????????????????????????????
- 4.?????,???6????,???20?????????
- 5.?????,????????????,??????????
- 6.???????????????????,??????????
43- ??CT??????
- 1.??
- 2.X????
- 3.??????????????????????,?????????????,??????????
????,??????????????? - 4.??????
- 5.??????????,?????
- 6.???????????,??CT??
- ?????
44- ????CT?????
- 1.???????,???????????
- 2.??????????,??CT???????????????????????
- 3.????????,??????????????,????????????
- 4.??????,????????????????,???????????????????????
??????????????????????????,?kV?mA??????????(??????
???)???????????????????????? - 5.????,?????????????????????????(?????????)??????
??????????????,?????????????????????????
45- 6.?????????,?????????????,?????????????
- 7.????,??????
- 8.????????,???????????????????
- 9.??????????????,??????,??????,?????CT???
- 10.??????,????CT?????????????????????,?CD??????(MO
D)?????,??????????????
46- ??CT???????
- 1.????(??)
- ??????????,???????????????CT,?????,???X????
???,??????/??????? - 2.????
- ???????????,?????????????????(???),?????????
??????????????,X??????????(???)??,?????,???????/??
???????(0)??????(90) - 3.?????(??)
- ?X?????????????,????????????????,???,???????
??,??????????????
47- 4.???? (overlap scanning)
- ??????????????,??????????????????,????,??CT?
??????????????,?????????? - 5.???? (thin slice scanning)
- ????5mm???
- 6.??????
- ?????????????,?????????
- 7.?????? (high resolution CT,HRCT)
- ????3mm??????????????,???????????????,?????
??,??????? - 8.????
- ???????????????????????????????,????????????
??????????
48- 9.????(???,target scanning)
- ????????????????????????,??,????????????????
??,???????????? - 10.???? (contrast scanning)
- ????????????
- 11.??????
- ?????????,?????????????,??????????????CT????
??????????? - 12.???? (dynamic scanning)
- ???????????????????????????????,????????,???
?????????????????????,????????,??????????????
49- 13.???? (delayed scanning)
- ???????,?????(????,?????)???????????????,???
????,?????????????????310???????????? - 14.??????
- ?????????????????CT??,????????,??????????,??
??????????? - 15.??????
- ??CT??????????,???????????????????,?????????
??????????,????????? - 16.???????
- ???????????,??????????????
50- ????????
- (?)???????
- ???????,??????X??????,??CT?????????,????????
??????????????????????? - (?)CT?????(???)
- CT???????????????????????????????????,??????
??????
51- 1.??????
- ?????????????????,?????????????,????????????
????????????????????? - 2.??????
- ??4050ml,?????????1.11.4ml/kg?
- 3.????
- (1)??????????(???)????????2.54.0ml/s???????,????
,???????????????? - (2)??????????
- (3)???????-???
- (4)??-????????
- (5)?????
52- (?)????CT??(CTM)
- CTM??????????,????????????????????????24030
0 mg/mL????1015mL,?????????10?,46????CT????? - ???????MR???
53- ??CT?????????????
- (?)CT?????
- 1.????????
- ??????????????????????????????????CT??,?????
????,????????????,??????CT??,????????????????,WW?1
500?WL?-650,???????????????????,WW?300?WL?40?
54- 2.??????
- ?????????????,????????????????????,?????????
?,???????,???????,??????? - 3.?????
- CT???????
- ??????????????,?????????????,???CT??????????
?,?????????????,?????????????,??????????????????? - 4.??????
- ????????????????????????????????????,??????
?????,?????????
55- (?)??????
- 1.CT???? (?????????)
- ??????
- (1)???????????,?????????????????
- (2)?????????????,?????
- (3)??????????,????????????,??????????
- (4)??????????,???????????????
- 2.???????
- ?????????,????????????????????????,?????????
??????,??????????,????????(??????)/2?
56- (?)CT??????
- 1.???????,??????????
- 2.????(?????)?????
- 3.?????,?????,????????????????
- 4.????????????,??????????????????
- 5.???????,?????????
- 6.????????,?????CT????????????
57- ??? ??CT????????
- (P56)
-
- ??CT????????????????????????????????????,???
???????,?????????????????,???????????????????????
58- ???????( MPR,Multiple planar Reconstruction)
- ??????????,????????????????,?????????????,?
???CT???????????????????????????????????
59- ????????
- (3D Surface Reconstruction)
- ???????????????(SSD),????????(CT?)?????????????
?????????????3D??????????,??????????? - ????????????????????????????,???????????????
??????,????????????????????????????
60(No Transcript)
61????????(MIP,Maximum Intensity Projection)
- ??????????????????????,MIP?????????X????,???
????????????,?????????????????????
62- ???????(VE, Virtual Endoscopy )
- ?????????????????,?????????????????????
- ??????,??????????????,??????????????????????
????????????????????,???????????? - VE?????????????????????????????
63- ??? CT???????
- (P58)
- ????CT???????
- 1.?????(spatial resolution)(??????,high contrast
resolution) - ??????????????,???????(????)?????,???????,??
?/??(LP/cm)???/??(mm/mm)?
64- ?????????????
- (1)????????????(???)???????????????,??????CT?????
??????,Z???????,??????????? - (2)?????????????,???????,????????
- (3)????
- (4)??????????/???????????,????????
- (5)???????????????
- ??CT?????????15LP/cm,????30LP/cm,?X?????????
?-???,????????10LP/mm,??,CT???????????X????
65- 2.????? (??????) ( contrast resolution )
- (??????, low contrast resolution )
- ???????????,??????????????0.5,????????????0
.5?,CT????????? - ?????????????
- (1)?????????????????????X??????,?????????,??????,
??????,????????? - (2)??????????,??????????????
- 3.?????
- ???????????????????????,????X????????
66- 4.??
- ???????,?CT??????,????????,?????????,???????
????????????????????????? - ??????X??????,????????????????,?????????????
???????????X???? - ????????????????,???????CT??????
- ????????
- (1)X????(2)???????(3)?????(4)???(5)??????????
67- 5.?? (artifact)
- ???????????????????????????????????
- ????????
- (1)??????????????????????,?????????????????????
- (2)?????????????,???????????????????
- (3)????????????????????????????????????,?????????
????????
68- 6.?????? (partial volume effect)
- ??????????????????CT?????,?????????????CT?,?
??????????????,?CT???,???????????????,?CT???,?????
???????? - ?????????????,???????????????
- 7.?????? (peripheral space phenomenon)
- ????????????,?????????CT????,?????????????
- ???????CT???,???????CT????
69- ????????????
- 1.mA?s???
- 2.kV???
- 3.FOV???
- 4.????????????????
- 5.???????
- ??????????
70- ??? ?????CT????
- ????CT??
- (?)???
- 1.?????(???????)
- 2.????
- 3.????(????)
- 4.???(????)
- 5.????(????)
- 6.??????????????
- 7. ?????(?????)
71- (?)????
- 1.?????????,???????,?????(??)???????
- 2.?????????????????,???????????????
- 3.??????????????,?????????
- 4.???,??????????
- 5.??????,????????????
72- (?)????
- 1.??????(????)
- (1)????????????,??????????????????????????,??????
?,????,???????????????,?????????,???X?????????????
???? - ??????????????????
- ??????????????,???????????????
- (2)??????????????,????????
73(No Transcript)
74???????????????
75- ?????????????????????????????????
- ??????????????CT??????
76- 2.???????
- ?????????????????CT????????
- (1)???X??????????(?????)??????????????????,??????
????????(???)???(???)??????,?????????? - (2)?????????(90?)???,??????????????
- ????????????????????????????????
77(No Transcript)
78- 3.??????
- (1)???????????,???????????????????????,?????????
????????????????????????(??????????),????????,???
?????????,??????????? - (2)????????1.52.0mL/s?
- (3)?????????4050mL?
- (4)??25s,????????????,??25s???????
- (5)????????????????,????????43?????????????(5mm?3
mm)???
79(No Transcript)
80- 4.?????????
- (1)?????????,????????????,????,???????12?
- (2)????????1.52.0mL/s?
- (3)?????????4050mL?
- (4)??20s?
- (5)????????????,???????2.5cm??????????
- ????????????,??????
81(No Transcript)
82- 5.??CTA
- (1)????????2.53.0mL/s?
- (2)?????????1.21.5mL/kg?
- (3)??18s?
- (4)????????????????????,??????,??????????????
- ?????CT???CTA???
83(No Transcript)
84- ???????CT??
- (?)???
- 1.???????????????,????(????????????)?
- 2.??????,??,??,??????
- 3.???????????????????
- 4.??????(???????)?
- 5.????????,???????
- 6.??????????????????????
- 7.??????????
- 8.?????,?????(?????????),?????,???????
85- (?)????
- 1.??????,?????????????????????
- 2.???????????????,??????????????????
- 3.?????????????
- 4.?????????????,???????
- 5.?????,????????,??????????,??????????,??????,????
????????
86- (?)????
- 1.?????????
- (1)?? ?????????
- (2)????????????,?????????????,????????
87(No Transcript)
88- 2.??????????
- (1)????????
- (2)????????????,??????????????
89(No Transcript)
90- 3.????????
- (1)??????????,???????,???????,??????????????????
???????????,????????????,???????????? - (2)????????2.02.5mL/s?
- (3)?????????1.0mL/kg?
- (4)??25s?
- (5)????????43???
91- 4.?????????
- (1)?? ?????????
- (2)????????????,?????????????,????????
92- 5.??????????
- (1)????????
- (2)????????????,??????????????
93- 6.???????
- (1)?? ?????????
- (2)??????????????,????????(?????)?
94- 7.????????
- (1)????????
- (2)????????????,??????????????
95(No Transcript)
96- 8.????
- ?????????,?????????
- (1)????????
- (2)????????????,??????????????
97- 9.?????
- ????????????????,???????????1.5cm,????????10
?? - 10.????
- ???????????????,???????????????????????
98- 11.??????
- (1)????????
- (2)????????????,??????????????
99- 12.????
- ????????????
- ?????????????,
- ????
- ??????????11.5mm?
- ??????????????
- 13.????
- (1)?? ????????
- (2)????????????,?????????????
100- ????????????????,???????????(?????????),?????????
??????????? - ????????????????
101- 14.?????
- ???????,????
- ????????????????
- ??????????5mm?
- ????????????,?????????
- 15.??????
- ????????
102- ????CT??
- (?)???
- 1.????????????????????????????,???????????????
- 2.????????????????????
- 3.?????????????????,??????????
- 4.??????????,???????
- 5.????????????????????
- 6.???????????????????,???????????????????????????
? - 7.????
103- (?)????
- 1.????????????
- 2.????????,???????,?????
- 3.??????????,?????????1??????(????????),????????,
????????????? - 4.?????CT,?????????
104- (?)????
- 1.????
- (1)?? ??????????,???????????,???????????????
- (2)????????????,???????????????,????????????5cm??
????
105- ??????????????????
- ??????,??????????????,???????5?3mm?
- ??????????,???????????????,?1.02.0mm,???kV???140,
mAs???230300? - ???CT????CT,????????!
106- 2.??????
- (1)??????????????????????????????????????????????
???????????????????????,??????????????????????????
????????? - (2)????????2.53.0mL/s?
- (3)??????1.31.5mL/kg?
- (4)??25s?
- (5)????????????,??????????????????????????,??????
??????????????????????,???????20?,?????3.0mL/s?
107(No Transcript)
108- ????CT??
- (?)???
- 1.?? 2.?? 3.?? 4.??
- 5.????????? 6.??????????
- (?)????
- 1.???23?,?????,?????????
- 2.???????????????
- 3.???????
- 4.????????????
- 5.??1??????500mL
- 6.?????????
- 7.?????CT,?????????
109- (?)????
- 1.???????????
- (1)?? ??????????,?????????,???????????????
- (2)????????????,????????????,????????????5cm????
110- ?
- ?????????????????
- ???????,???????5mm,????mAs,???????1.5cm?
- ???????,???????5mm,????mAs,???????2cm,?????(???2cm
)?????? - ???CT????CT,??????????????!
111- 2.???????????
- (1)??????????????????????????????????????????????
?????? - (2)????????2.53.0mL/s?
- (3)??????1.21.5mL/kg?
- (4)??25s,65s?
- ????????????????????????,??????(25??60-65?)?
- ???????????,?????1.01.5mL/s,??????,????????70
90s?
112(No Transcript)
113- 3.????????
- (1)?? ???
- (2)??????????
- (3)?????????????????,????????????????????,???11??
???????,?????????????,??????????????????11????????
??????????????????23mm?
114- 4.??????????
- (1)?????????????????
- (2)????????2.53.0mL/s?
- (3)??????1.21.5mL/kg?
- (4)??25s?65s?
1155.??CTA
116- ????CT??
- (?)???
- ??????????????????????
- (?)????
- 1.???3?,?????,?????????
- 2.????????????
- 3.???56??????1???1000mL,????????????,?????1.5???
?300mL,??????????????? - 4.????????????
- 5.????????????,????????
117- (?)????
- 1.????
- (1)?? ??????????,???????????,???????????
- (2)????????????,???????????????,????????????5cm??
????10cm? - ?
- ?????????35mm???,????
- ?????????,??????????
118(No Transcript)
119- 2.????????
- ???????????,??????????????5mm???????????????1
cm??????????????????????????????????
120- ????CT??
- ???
- 1.????????????????
- 2.?????
- 3.?????
- 4.?????,????????????
121- (?)????
- 1.????
- (1)?? ??????????,????????????????
- (2)????????????,????????????,???????????????????,
???????,????C4C6?C5C7? - ?????????,??????????,?????????????
122(No Transcript)
123- 2.????
- 3.?3?1????? (???????)
- (1)?? ??????????,????????????
- (2)????????????,????????????,????????????10cm????
20cm,?????????5cm? - (3)?3?(3????)??,??4?,???????5mm,??????????????????
- 3.??????
- 4.??????????
124(No Transcript)
125???????CT?? (?)??? ?????????? (?)????
?????
- (1)?? ??????????,???????????,???????????
- (2)????????????,?????????????
126????? 1.??CT?????? 2.???????CT???????