Genocide

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Genocide

• Is this still happening?

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Genocide Holocaust

• Genocide is the deliberate and systematic
  destruction of an ethnic, religious or national
  group.

• "Holocaust" is a word of Greek origin meaning
  "sacrifice by fire."

3
Apartheid

• is a Afrikaans (South African) and Dutch word
  that means separateness.
• An official policy of racial segregation
  formerly practiced in the Republic of South
  Africa, involving political, legal, and economic
  discrimination against nonwhites.
• -www.answer.com

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Why apartheid?

• Dr Hendrik Verwoerd was the Prime Minister of
  South Africa from 1958 -1966 and is often given
  the title of the Architect of Apartheid.
• The Afrikaner Nationalists felt that they were
  superior to Africans, and that their superiority
  was God-given. They also felt it necessary to
  save their race from the mass of Africans
  surrounding them on a daily basis. The result
  was no mixing of the races.

5
Get Money

• Gold was discovered in South Africa in 1886.
  The journeys of Abe Bailey and Mahudu Nkadimeng,
  due to the mines, has shaped the history of South
  Africa forever.
• The gold mines would prove to be a large source
  of income, for men like Bailey, if only two
  issues could be solved.
• Gold reserves were deep under the ground and
  mining would be costly.
• The price of gold was internationally fixed and
  they could not transfer the high production costs
  onto the buyers.

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Men who owned the gold mines.

• Randlords

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Pretoria News 30 June 1914

• A Need to Control Native Women No proper
  organisation exists for the control and
  protection of thousands of native women that are
  to be found within the towns borders. A large
  number of these natives are suffering from
  venereal diseases and are working as domestic
  servants. This is a matter that affects the moral
  and physical health of the whole community.

• According to William Windham, the Secretary for
  Native Affairs, Native women not only spread
  disease, but they also cause all the quarrels,
  fights, disorder and immoral behaviour. In order
  to discourage Native women from coming to the
  town, the government should make it impossible
  for natives suffering from such diseases to be
  employed.

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1913 Land Act

• Forced Africans to live on land reserves.
• Land reserves were only 8.7 of South Africas
  land.
• Made it illegal for Africans to work as
  sharecroppers or to be rent-paying tenants.

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The Edge of Town

• Africans lived on White farmers land.
• Forced to give 90 days of free labor.
• Forced to work for cheap wages.
• Townships were established, on the edge of town,
  especially for Africans.

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A Way of Life

• Dompas Pass Book that Africans needed when
  walking around the city. Dompas means stupid.
• Kwela-Kwela Police vans that took Africans to
  prison. kwela means jump.

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Influx Control

• Every African man had to carry a pass which gave
  him permission to be in an urban area. Only
  people who could find work were given a pass. As
  a result, people accepted whatever jobs they
  could find, often for very low wages. If an
  African male was unable to find work in the urban
  areas, he was forced to return to the rural
  areas. Police conducted regular pass raids. If
  a persons pass was not in order, or if he did
  not have a pass in his possession, he was
  arrested and likely to be sent back to the
  reserves. These pass raids happened so often
  that most Africans were arrested for a pass law
  offence at one time or another. This turned the
  majority of the African population into criminals

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Injustices

• Choose any of Ernest Coles photographs that are
  shown on this page, and then answer the questions
  found on your worksheet.

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Resistance

• ANC Youth League African National Congress
  (1944)
• Called for mass protest, boycotts, and passive
  resistance.

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Burning his Pass

• Nelson Mandela First President of the ANC.
• Imprisoned in 1964 - 1990 for attempting to
  overthrow the South African government.
• 1993 Earned Nobel Peace Prize for promoting
  human rights.
• 1994 First Black president of South Africa.

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Freedom Day 04.27.1994
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Photo Gallery
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Photo Gallery
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