5.1 ??????????

1
Chapter 5 ??????????

• 5.1 ??????
• 5.2 ??????????
• 5.3 ???????
• 5.4 ????????

2
5.1 ??????????

• ???????????
• ????????????????????????????????
• ??????????????????,??????????
• (1) ?????????(Multistation Access
  UnitMAU)???IEEE 802.5???Token Ring
  ???????,???????????,??RG-62????,???MAU?MAU ???4
  ?8 ?????????,??????,?MAU ?MAU ????????????????????
  ,?????????????
• (2) ?????(Repeater)Repeater ?????????????????????
  ??UTP(?????????),????????100 ??,???RG-58 ????185
  ??,??,?????????,???????,??????Repeater,?????,???,?
  ?????????2 ?????
• ????,???????,????????????????????,???????????,????
  ?????(Repeater)?

3
5.1 ??????????

• Repeater ??????????????,????????????????
• Repeater ????????,????????OSI ???? -- ???,??5-1?

4
5.1 ??????????

• (3) ???(HUB)??HAU ??,?????????????????UTP ???
• ?5-3 ???HUB ??????

5
5.1 ??????????

• 5-1-1???
• ???(Bridge),?????2 ??????????????,????????,????OSI
  ??????????,??5-7?

6
5.1 ??????????

• 5-1-2???
• ?????????,???????(Router)?????????,??????????,????
  ????
• ? ??????????
• ?????????????????
• (1)????
• ?????????????,???????????????(????????????)???,???
  ?????????MAC address ???????

7
5.1 ??????????

• (2)???OSI ???
• ????????OSI ?????, ??????????????,
  ??5-14????????????????????,????,??????????????

8
5.1 ??????????

• 5-1-3???
• ???(Gateway)?????????????,?????????,??????????????
  ???
• ???????????(Repeater) ????????????,
  ???(Bridge)???????MAC ?(???????)???(Router)??????
  ??,???????????(Gateway)????????????,????,????OSI
  ???????????,?????,??5-16?

9
5.1 ??????????

• ?Internet ?????,????????????????????,??5-17?

10
5.2 ??????????

• ????????(Institute of Electrical and Electronics
  EngineersIEEE)??????(LAN)????????,?????????
• ?????5-2?

11
5.2 ??????????

• 5-2-1 IEEE 802.3
• IEEE 802.3??,??5-3?

12
5.2 ??????????

• ????????/????(CSMA/CD)
• ????????????????,?Ethernet ??????????????Ethernet
  ???CSMA/CD ????CS(Carrier Sense)
  ?????CD(Collision Detection)????????MA(Multiple
  Access)????????
• (1) CS(Carrier Sense)????
• ????????????,?????????????????????????,?????(Carri
  er Sense)?
• (2) CD(Collision Detection)????
• ???????,??????????,?????????????????,???????(Colli
  sion Detection)?????????????,??????(Collision)???
  ???,????????????,???????
• (3) MA(Multiple Access)????
• ????????????,??????????,?????????,???????,????????
  ??????????(Random Time)?,?????????,???????(Multipl
  e Access)?

13
5.2 ??????????

• ????5-20??5-21 ???
• CSMA/CD ???????????

14
5.2 ??????????

• 1. ??????,????Ethernet Frame(??)???,?????
• 2. ????A ????????,??,?????????(Channel)??????(idle
  ),?????CA(Carrier Sense)?????
• 3. ????????,????A ??????(??)????,??????4?????????
  ?????,??????2?
• 4. ??(??)?????,??A ?????????????????????(collision
  )???,?????CD(Collision Detection)?????
• 5. ???A ?????????,?????????,??????4????A
  ????????,???A ???????,????????????(Jamming
  Signal),?????????????,???16 ?(Ethernet
  ???),??????????????(Binary Exponential Backoff
  AlgorithmBEBA),??????????(random
  time)????,?????2,?????????????????
• 6. ???5 ?,????????????,??16 ?,????A
  ??????????????

15
5.2 ??????????
16
5.2 ??????????

• ?????????,???????????????????????????,????????????
  ???????????,?????,????????????,????(??)????(????)?
  ??????????????????FCS(Frame Check
  Sequence)????(??CRC-32)???????????????????????????
  ???,??????????????
• ??CSMA/CD ???????
• (1) ?????????????,????????????,??,????????????
• (2) ??????????(??)??,??????????????,??????,???????
  ?????????????(random time)?,????????,?????????????
  ???
• (3) CSMA/CD ???,???????????(Frame
  Size)????,????????????CSMA/CD ???,????????????????
  ????,??????????,???????????(collision)?,??????????
  (Frame)???
• ?10Base 5 ??,????????10Mbps, Ethernet
  ????????????(2500 ??)?????????????
  51.2µs(??)?10Mbps51.2µs512bits(64bytes),????????
  ????64 bytes?

17
5.2 ??????????

• ??,Ethernet ??????????????,??????????1,518bytes???
  ??????,??????5-1-1 ?5-1-2 ????????(Bridge)?????(Ro
  uter),??????????????????,??????(Hub)?????,??5-22??
  ????MAC Adress ????????????,????????????????,?????
  ???????????,????,??????????????,??????????,???????
  ????,?????????????

18
5.2 ??????????

• 5-2-2 IEEE 802.4
• ??5-4

19
5.2 ??????????

• IEEE 802.4 ????????????????(Token Bus)???5-23?
• ???????(Token Bus)
• ??Token Bus ?,????????????,????????????,?????????(
  Token),???????????,?????????Token?,?????????????,?
  ???????????,????????,??Token ?????????

20
5.2 ??????????

• 5-2-3 IEEE 802.5
• ??5-5

21
5.2 ??????????

• IEEE 802.5 ????????????????(Token Bus)???5-24?
• ???????(Token Bus)
• Token Ring ??????????????????,?????????????????,??
  ?Token ??????????,????????????(Idle
  Token),????????,?????????(Idle Token)??????(Busy
  Token),???????????(Busy Token)??,?????????????????
  ???,?????????????,???????????????,??????????,????
  ????????,??,????????????,??,?????????,??????(Busy
  Token)??????(Idle Token),????????????????

22
5.3 ???????

• ????????????,???????
• 1. ????(Ethernet)
• 2. 10 Base-T
• 3. ???(Token Ring)
• 4. ARCNET
• 5. ??????(Fast Ethernet)

23
5.3 ???????

• 5-3-1 Ethernet???
• Ethernet ???, ??????????????CSMA/CD ??, ???ALOHA
  ???????????,????(Xerox)????CSMA/CD
  ?????????????,?????Ethernet???1980
  ??,??(Xerox)????(DEC)?????(Intel)?????????Ethernet
  ?????,??1982 ????Ethernet ??????????????,??????(E
  thernet)??????
• ??Ethernet ???
• ??????????????????????10 Mbps?????(Ethernet)??????
  ??????CSMA/CD,??????????,????????
• ??Ethernet ????
• ???Ethernet ????????,????????????,????48
  ??????,??????????????,????????,??????????????????

24
5.3 ???????

• ??Ethernet ?????
• ?????Ethernet ???????????????(Unshielded- Twisted
  PairUTP)????????,??????????????????(???????),????
  ??????????,???????????????????
• ????????,??5-6?

25
5.3 ???????

• ??????????,??5-25,?????????????????RG-58A/U ???T
  ????BNC ???50O ?????????????????????,?????????????
  ????????????,???????????????????,?????????,??,???
  ??????????,????????????

26
5.3 ???????

• ?????????(10 Base T)?????????10 Base T(?????????
  -- UTP)???,????????(HUB),??5-26,???????????

27
5.3 ???????

• ??Ethernet ???????
• ??5-28?
• 1.????(Preamble)
• ???8 ????,?????????????????????
• 2.????(Destination)
• ???6 ????,??????????????????????
• 3.????(Source)
• ???6 ????,???????????
• 4.??(Type)
• ???2 ????,????????????????,????0800H(TCP/IP)?
• 5.??(Data)
• ??????46 ???,???1500 ????
• 6.FCS
• ???4 ??,????????,??CRC ?????????

28
5.3 ???????

• 5-3-2 Token Ring????
• ???????????(Token Ring)??,??IEEE 802.5
  ????????????????????,??IBM ?Token Ring
  ????????????,????IEEE 802.5 ??????IBM ?Token
  Ring?

29
5.3 ???????

• 5-3-3 ARCnet ????
• ARC ?Attached Resource Computing architecture
  ???, ????????Datapoint ????????,???????Ethernet
  ?????
• ??ARCnet ?????
• ARCnet ?????,???????,?????????????,????,??????????
  ??,???Ethernet ?????????,?????????,???????????????
  ?????

30
5.3 ???????

• ??ARCnet ?????
• ARCnet ????????????,??????????????????
• ?,?????????????HUB,???????HUB,??????HUB?
• ??5-33?

31
5.3 ???????

• 5-3-4 IBM PC ????
• ???????,????,??????????,???IBM ??????(Personal
  ComputerPC)??,???????????????????,???,??PC
  ??????????,???,??????????????
• 5-3-5 ??????(Fast Ethernet)
• ???????????
• ?????????????????,IEEE(???????????)?1995 ????Fast
  Ethernet(??????)???802.3u,??100BASE T ???
• ???,???????????????,?????????CSMA/CD(Carrier
  Sense Multiple Access/Collision
  Detection)??????/????????????
• ??????????,Fast Ethernet ???????
• 1.????
• 2.???
• 3.??????
• 4.????????

32
5.3 ???????

• ???????????
• 1.100BASE T4
• 2.100BASE TX
• 3.100BASE FX

33
5.3 ???????

• ?????????OSI??

34
5.3 ???????

• ?????????OSI??

35
5.3 ???????

• ?????????MII
• ?Fast Ethernet ?OSI ???,?????MII(Medium
  Independent Interface??????),??????????????,????1
  00BASE T ?????????
• ???,MII ?Ethernet ??AUI ????????,?????????????????
  ???,????????????
• 1. MII ????10Mbps ??100Mbps ?????????????
• 2. MII ????????????????
• Fast Ethernet MII ??????

36
5.3 ???????

• ?????????????
• ??10BASE T ?100BASE T4?TX ????UTP
  ??,???????????RJ-45??100BASE FX ??SC ???????
• 1. 100BASE T4 ?RJ-45
• 100BASE T4 ??????????????
• ? ?????1?2?4?5?7?8 ???TX(??)3?4?5?6?7?8
  ???RX(??)?
• ? ????3?4?5?6?7?8 ???TX(??)1?2?4?5?7?8
  ???RX(??)?
• ????,??????,??1?2 ?TX,3?6 ?RX ???????????,??????,
  ???1?2 ?RX,3?6 ?TX,?????????
• 2. 100BASE TX ?RJ-45
• ?100BASE T4 ?????RJ-45 ????????????????
• ? ?????1?2 ???TX,3?6 ???RX?
• ? ????1?2 ???RX,3?6 ???TX?
• 3. SC ??
• 100BASE FX ?SC ??
• 100BASE FX ???2 ?????????????????,??TX ??RX?SC
  ?????????,???????????????????,?????????

37
5.3 ???????

• ?????????Switching Hub
• ???????10BASE T ?,Hub(???)??????????????
• ????,???Hub ??????RJ-45 ??(?5?8?12?16????)???
• Daisy-chain(???)??????
• ????????????,??????100BASE T ???Switching Hub(?
• ?????)????
• Switching Hub ???Hub ?????????
• 1.Switching Hub???????????
• 2.??MAC??
• 3.Switching Hub????
• 4.Switching Hub???????????????,??????
• (1) Cut-through?Switching Hub
  ????????preamble(??)????MAC ???,????????
• (2) Fragment free?Switching Hub
  ????????preamble(??)???/???MAC ??????????????,????
  ????
• (3) Store and forwardSwitching Hub
  ?????????????,??????????

38
5.3 ???????

• ???????????
• ???Ethernet ??Fast Ethernet ????????MAC
  ???????????????????
• ?????????????????????,?????????????????,?CSMA/CD
  ???????????????,???,???????????,????????????????,?
  ??????????,???????????????,??MAC ???????CSMA/CD
  ??
• ????????????????N,????????????????????2 ?,??2N?
• ??????,???????100BASE T ?????????,Ethernet ?Fast
  Ethernet ?????/?????????

39
5.3 ???????

• ???????????
• Ethernet ????????????????PMA(????????)???????(Manc
  hester)???
• Fast Ethernet ?????Ethernet ???????,?100BASE T4
  ????8B6T ?????,?100BASE TX?100BASE FX ????4B5B
  ???,??????????PCS(??????)?PMA ?PMD(????????)???,??
  ???????
• 8B6T
• ???8B6T ??,???8Bit ???????-??0?????6
  ??????,???????0 0???- 0 0 - ,?????0
  1???0 - - 0?
• 4B5B
• 4B5B ?????,????4 ??????????5 ???????,?????,???125M
  Hz ?80 ??,?100Mbps ????

40
5.4 ????????

• 5-4-1 ???????(?????)
• ????????????????????????,?????????????????,???????
  ???????????????
• 5-4-2 ??????
• ??????????
• (1) ??????????????????????????????????,??????????
  ?????????
• (2) ?????????????????????,????????????????????
• (3) ???????????????????,??????,????????????,?????
  ?????,????????????,??????
• 5-4-3 ??????
• ?????????????
• ISA?PCI?PCMCIA?USB?RJ-45?BNC?AUI

41
5.4 ????????

• PCIPeripheral Component Interconnect
• (PCI),?32 ????????,?
• ????33MHz ?66MHz,???
• ???????????????
• PCMCIAPersonal Computer Memory Card
  International Association( PCMCIA),
• ??????????????????????PCMCIA ?????????68-pin
  ????????????15-pin ???

42
5.4 ????????

• USB(Universal Serial Bus) ??
• USB ????????,?????
• ????????????????
• RJ-45????10Base T ???
• BNC????10Base 2 ?????
• AUI????10Base 5 ?????

43
5.4 ????????

• 5-4-4?????
• ????????????????,???????????????
• 1. ???????????
• 2. ??????????
• 3. ?????,?????????????
• 4. ??????????
• 5. ???????????
• 6. ???????????

44
5.4 ????????

• 5-4-5?????
• ???????????,???????,???????????????,????????
• 1. Memory address????????????ROM
  ???????,????????,????PC ??????,???ROM ??????
• 2. I/O ports?PC ?,???????,??????PC ????,??I/O
  port?,????PC ????????,???????,???????,?????????,??
  ??PC ??????/????,?????/????????????I/O port ???
• 3. Interrupts????????I/O port address
  ?????????,???????,?0 ?F,?16 ?,??????PC,???????????
  ?

45
5.4 ????????

• 5-4-6 ????????
• ??????????????????,???????????????,???????????????
  ?,????
• 1. ??????????
• 2. ?????????????????
• 3. ???????????(????)??
• 4. ?????????(IRQ, ID Base,??)?
• 5. ?????????????,??????,?????????
• 6. ?????????????,?????(Fail),???????????,??????
• ?????,????????,???????