Reactions of Alkanes and Cycloalkanes

1
Reactions of Alkanes and Cycloalkanes

• There are two major types of reactions of alkanes
  and cycloalkanes
• Combustion
• Alkane Oxygen ? Carbon dioxide water heat
  
  energy
• Halogenation
• Alkane Halogen ? Alkyl halide hydrogen
  
  halide

2
Combustion Reactions

• General form
• Alkane oxygen ? carbon dioxide water
• Examples
• CH4 2O2 ? CO2 2H2O
• 9O2 ? 6CO2 6H2O

3
You Try These!

• Write the combustion reactions for the following
  alkanes and cycloalkanes.
• Propane
• Ethane
• Cyclooctane

4
Answers to You Try These!

• 1. C3H8 5O2 ? 3CO2 4H2O
• 2. 2C2H6 7O2 ? 4CO2 6H2O
• 3. C8H16 12O2 ? 8CO2 8H2O

5
Halogenation Reactions

• General Form
• Alkane Halogen ? Alkyl halide Hydrogen
  halide
• Requires Heat or Light as a catalyst
• Examples
• CH4 Br2 ? CH3Br HBr
• Cl2 ? HCl

6
You Try These!

• Write the equation for the following
• Ethane chlorine ?
• Propane bromine ?
• Cyclobutane chlorine ?

7
Answers to You Try These!

• CH3CH3 Cl2 ? CH3CH2Cl HCl
• CH3CH2CH3 Br2 ? CH3CHBrCH3 HBr
• OR
• CH3CH2CH3 Br2 ? CH3CH2CH2Br HBr
• 3. Cl2 ? HCl

8
Write a balanced equation for each reaction

• A) complete combustion of cyclobutane
• B) monobromination of propane
• C) complete combustion of ethane
• D) monochlorination of butane

9
Write a balanced equation for each reaction

• A) complete combustion of cyclobutane
• 2 C4H10 13 O2 8 CO2 10 H2O heat
  energy
• B) monobromination of propane
• C3H8 Br2 C3H7Br HBr
• C) complete combustion of ethane
• 2 C2H6 7 O2 4 CO2 6 H2O heat energy
• D) monochlorination of butane
• C4H10 Cl2 C4H9Cl HCl

10
Write a balanced equation for each reaction

• A) complete combustion of decane
• B) monochlorination of cyclobutane
• C) monobromination of pentane
• D) complete combustion of hexane

11
Write a balanced equation for each reaction

• A) complete combustion of decane
• 2 C10H22 31 O2 20 CO2 22 H2O heat energy
• B) monochlorination of cyclobutane
• C4H8 Cl2 C4H7Cl HCl
• C) monobromination of pentane
• C5H12 Br2 C5H11Br Hbr
• D) complete combustion of hexane
• 2 C6H14 19 O2 12 CO2 14 H2O heat energy

12
HOMEWORK

• Page 323 11.59 11.60