GLONASS Update

1
Federal Space Agency
GLONASS Update RADIONAVIGERINGSNÄMNDEN
(RNN) Stockholm, 27.10.2005
V.Klimov, V.Persev Federal Space
Agency S.Revnivykh, V.Mitrikas Central Research
Institute of Machine building V.Kossenko, V.
Zvonar Scientific and Industry Corporation of
Applied Mechanics V.Dvorkin Russian Research
Institute of Space Device Engineering A.Tyulyakov
Russian Institute of Radionavigation and
Time _____________________________________________
_________________________
2
Positioning, Navigation and Time Approach
Governmental Commission of 01.04.2005 System
Study to define the way to go
State Program of the United PNT System development
United PNT System (UPNTS)
Fundamental Basis for PNT
Federal GLONASS Program
State Program of Arming
Navigation Field Generation
Federal Program of Modernization of Transport
Infrastructure
Legal Issues and Control
Use and Application
Federal Space Program
Federal Program Electronic Russia
ITS infrastructure

3
State Policy Principles

• GLONASS is a strategic element of the national
  security issue
• GLONASS is a dual-use system
• No direct user fees for civil GLONASS service
• Open access to the GLONASS civil signal structure
  for user equipment manufacture, applications
  development and value-added services
• Combine GLONASS/GPS receivers use on the Russian
  territory
• Compatibility and interoperability of GLONASS
  with GPS and future GALILEO
• Development of the GNSS global market
• Since 2006 binding equipment of Russian users by
  GLONASS or combine receivers only

4
GLONASS State Policy Sources

• Decree of the President , 1999
• Decision of the Government, 1999
• Federal GLONASS Program for 2002-2011, approved
  by the Government, August 2001
• State concept of the Russian United Positioning,
  Time and Navigation Service System, October 2004
• GLONASS is a key element of the Positioning, Time
  and Navigation Service

5
Federal GLONASS Program Directions

• Sustainment and development of GLONASS system
  (Roscosmos, MOD)
• Minimal operation capability (18 satellites) by
  2008
• Full operation capability (24 satellites) by
  2010-2011
• Development and production preparation of the
  GNSS user equipment for civil and governmental
  users (Agency of Industry, MOD)
• Combined GNSS receivers
• Integrated systems based on GNSS techniques
• Components manufacture
• Navigation technology introduction in the
  transport infrastructure (Transport Agencies of
  MOT)
• Geodesy system modernization (Mapping Agency of
  MOT)

Combined Federal Mission Oriented Program
directly funded from the Federal Budget with
annual adjustment
6
GLONASS Program Management

• Roskosmos
• GLONASS development
• GLONASS augmentation development
• GLONASS performance monitoring and control
• MOD
• GLONASS development
• GLONASS operation
• User equipment development for governmental use

ROSKOSMOS is The Program Coordinator
7
GLONASS Constellation Specification

• Satellite in constellation
• 24 satellites
• Three orbital planes
• 8 satellites in each
• Inclination
• 64.8º
• Orbit height
• 19 100 km
• Orbit revolution time
• 11h 15m

8
GLONASS Status at 26.10.2005
14 satellites in orbit
14 SV in orbit, 12 operational

• 12 satellites Glonass (3 years life-time)
• 10 operational
• 2 in maintenance
• 2 satellites Glonass-? (7 years life-time, L2
  civil signal)
• both operational (6th and 7th slots)
• Next launch December 2005

9
GLONASS Global Availability (instant). 26.10.05
night
10
GLONASS Global Availability (instant). 27.10.05
morning
11
GLONASS Global Availability (averaged)
The World-wide average availability of GLONASS
navigation is equal 68Average availability of
GLONASS navigation on Russian zone is equal
81The global maximal interval of navigation
unavailability is equal 3.5 hoursThe maximal
interval of navigation unavailability on Russian
zone is equal 1.7 hours
12
GLONASS Ground Control Segment

• GLONASS System Control Center
• Krasnoznamensk, Moscow reg.
• Satellite operation
• ODTS
• TTC stations
• St.Petersbourg reg.
• Schelkovo, Moscow reg
• Yenisseysk
• Komsomolsk-Amur
• System clock (Central synchronizer)
• Schelkovo

Mission control segment modernization is in
schedule
13
GLONASS Satellite Performance

• Guaranteed Life-time
• Satellite mass
• Power supply
• Navigation payload
• Mass
• Power consumption
• Clock stability (24 hours)
• Attitude control accuracy
• Solar panel pointing accuracy

3 years 1 415 kg 1 000 W 180 kg 600
W 510-13 0.5 deg 5 deg
Group launch by PROTON
Total launched 81 satellites Actual life-time 4.5
years
14
GLONASS-M Performance

• Guaranteed Life-time
• Satellite mass
• Power supply
• Navigation payload
• Mass
• Power consumption
• Clock stability (24 hours)
• Attitude control accuracy
• Solar panel pointing accuracy

7 years 1 415 kg 1 450 W 250 kg 580
W 110-13 0.5 deg 2 deg
GLONASS-M new features

• Extended life-time
• L2 civil signal
• Improved clock stability
• Improved solar panel pointing
• Improved dynamic model, less level of unpredicted
  accelerations

Group launch by PROTON
15
History and Perspectives of the GLONASS
Constellation

• GLONASS deployment milestones
• 18 satellites in constellation 2007
• 24 satellites in constellation 2010-2011

16
Results of GLONASS Program Implementation for 3
years (2002-2004)
12/2001 6 SV, A17 ? gap 13.7h
12/2002 8 SV, A22 ? gap 9.3h
12/2003 9 SV, A35 ? gap 9.0h
Since 2001 the gap in navigation with GLONASS
reduced from 14 to 3 hours
12/2004 11 SV, A58 ? gap 4.6h
03/2005 13 SV, A76 ? gap 2.9h
12/2007 18 SV, A96 ? gap 0.6h
17
GLONASS Service Modernization

• Second civil signal at L2 frequency band since
  GLONASS-M in 2003 for higher accuracy
• Third civil signal at L3 frequency band since
  GLONASS-K in 2008 for higher reliability and
  accuracy, especially for safety-of-life
  applications
• GNSS Integrity information in the third civil
  signal (GLONASS-K, tbc) reliability of
  navigation service
• Global differential ephemeris and time
  corrections in the third civil signal (GLONASS-K,
  tbc) sub meter real time accuracy for mobile
  users
• Search and Rescue service (extension of
  COSPAS/SARSAT service) shortening time of
  precise positioning and rescue for people in
  distress

18
GLONASS Modernization Plan
19
GLONASS-K Performance

• Guaranteed Life-time
• Satellite mass
• Power supply
• Navigation payload
• Mass
• Power consumption
• Clock stability (24 hours)
• Attitude control accuracy
• Solar panel pointing accuracy

10 years 850 kg 1 270 W 260 kg 750 W 110-13 0.5
deg 1 deg
GLONASS-K new features
Group launch by SOYUZ

• Extended life-time
• L3 civil signal
• Improved performance
• SAR function

20
GLONASS Signals
L3 signal to be refined
21
GLONASS Performance

• Problems of pure present GLONASS performances
• New satellite outdated ground control assets
• Limited area for orbit tracking (Russian
  territory)
• Time keeping system needs to be modernized

SISRE,m
GLONASS
20.03.2005 20.06.2005
GPS
The GLONASS Accuracy Improvement Program is in
implementation
22
GLONASS Performance (contd)
Onboard Clock Stability (Alan Variation)
GLONASS R04 (94)
GLONASS-M R06 (11L)
GLONASS-M R07 (12L)
GPS G20
23
Potential GLONASS Performance

• GLONASS orbit based on IGS data
• IAC - Mission Control Center (Korolyov)
• CODE European Orbit Determination Center (Bern)
• ESOC European Satellite Operation Center
  (Darmstadt)

30 cm
Deviation of post-processing orbit between three
centers
24
GLONASS Performance Analysis
25
GLONASS Performance Modernization Plan

• Satellite modernization
• Clock stability improvement
• Dynamic model improvement (attitude accuracy,
  eclipse passing algorithm
• Receiving monitoring stations (RMS) network
  extension
• Space Force network (3 stations)
• Roskosmos network (9-12 stations)
• International cooperation (IGS network)
• GLONASS time keeping system modernization
• New system clocks with high stability (2
  distributed clocks)
• Synchronization system modernization
• ODTS software modernization based on one-way
  code and phase data processing

GPS level accuracy for GLONASS to be achieved by
2008
26
International Cooperation Russia - US

• GPS/GLONASS full compatibility provided by design
  for existing signals
• Joint statement signed in December 2004
• No direct user fees for civil GLONASS/GPS service
  confirmed
• Cooperation at International organizations
• Ensure compatibility and interoperability
• SAR function implementation
• Agreement preparation

27
GPS/GLONASS Combine Use Benefits (1/2)
Advantage of Positioning Availability for Urban
and Canyon Conditions (GDOPlt5, mask angle 25o)
GPSGLONASS (9 sats)
GPS only
GPSGLONASS (12 sats)
GPSGLONASS (18 sats)
GPS only
28
GPS/GLONASS Combine Use Benefits (2/2)
Real-Time Precision Navigation for construction
and geodesy (GDOPlt5, mask angle 25o)
Number of satellite visible for Moscow region
during a day

• Continuous navigation during a day
• With GPS only 83.1
• With GPS GLONASS (9 satellites) 100

GPSGLONASS (9 satellites)
GPS only
29
International Cooperation Russia - EU

• Negotiation process resumed
• Consultations on the EU-Russia GALILEO/GLONASS
  Agreement text to be consolidated
• Technical group to find solutions for
  compatibility and interoperability
• Signal compatibility and interoperability at
  L3/E5b
• Time scale shift transmission
• GLONASS geodesy reference to be adjusted to ITRF
• Russian industry involvement into GALILEO
  development
• SOYUZ launch service for GSTB-V2a
• NII PP laser reflectors delivered for GSTB-V2a/b
• Involvement to the H-maser development
• Russian industry involvement in FP-6
• EGNOS/GLONASS cooperation
• Working group establishing to submit the
  technical proposal in April 2006
• GLONASS service implementation
• Cooperation with the Russian GLONASS augmentation
• Service area extension

30
International Cooperation Russia - India

• Agreement signed in December 2004
• Civil GLONASS service covering
• Participation of India in the GLONASS
  constellation sustainment (including launches of
  GLONASS-M satellites with Indias GSLV rocket)
• Cooperation in ground GNSS infrastructure
  development

31
Summary

• Positioning, Time and Navigation is a component
  of the critical state infrastructure for national
  security and economical growth
• GLONASS is a key element of the Russian
  Positioning, Time and Navigation service
• GLONASS remains as a dual use system
• GLONASS is open for civil use world wide. In
  combination with GPS can benefit users already
  now
• The goals of the international cooperation are to
  faster constellation deployment with new
  satellites, to provide better compatibility and
  interoperability with existing and future systems
  and augmentations
• The GLONASS State program succeeded to come to 18
  satellites in constellation in 2007, beginning
  2008

32

GLONASS Status, Performance and Perspectives
Thank you for your attention!
Sergey Revnivykh Satellite Navigation Department
of the Mission Control Center of the Central
Research Institute of Machine Building, FEDERAL
SPACE AGENCY sergey.revnivykh_at_mcc.rsa.ru Tel 7
095 516 8329 fax [phone]