Present

1
Spanish Tenses

• Present
• Preterit
• Imperfect
• Perfect tenses
• Progressive tenses
• Future
• Conditional

2
corremos
We run
I think
pienso
You eat
comes
Present tense
They go
van
camina
She walks
He sings
canta
3
The present tense is formed as follows
hablar comer vivir yo
habl com viv tú habl
com viv él habl com
viv nosotros habl com
viv ellos habl com viv
o
o
o
as
es
es
a
e
e
amos
emos
imos
an
en
en
4
There are many irregular yo forms in the
present tense. Some are tener venir
salir hacer
traer caer
dar estar saber poner
decir oír
tengo
vengo
salgo
hago
traigo
caigo
doy
estoy
sé
pongo
digo
oigo
Can you think of any others?
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Present tense
She eats apples
Ella come manzanas
We live in Chicago.
Nosotros vivimos en Chicago
6
We ran
corrimos
I suddenly thought
pensé
You ate
comiste
Preterit tense
They went
fueron
She walked
caminó
He sang
cantó
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The preterit tense is formed as follows
hablar comer vivir yo
habl com viv tú habl
com viv él habl com
viv nosotros habl com
viv ellos habl com viv
é
í
í
aste
iste
iste
ó
ió
ió
amos
imos
imos
aron
ieron
ieron
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There are numerous irregulars in the preterit.
There is a pattern to some, though. Note the
following endings yo e nosotros imos
tú iste
él o ellos
ieron They work with the following verbs
poder traer decir poner estar tener saber
querer hacer venir andar
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Do you remember the stems that these verbs change
to before adding the endings?
pud- traj- dij- pus- estuv- tuv-
sup- quis- hic- vin- anduv-
Two exceptions are traj and dij in which you
add eron instead of ieron in the ellos form.
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Other irregulars in preterit include SER/IR DA
R HABER
di dimos diste dio
dieron
fui fuimos fuiste
fue fueron
hubo
Dont forget in third person, some verbs stem
change, ie murió, durmieron, pidió, sirvieron,
etc.
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Preterit tense
She ate apples
Ella comió manzanas
We lived in Chicago.
Nosotros vivimos en Chicago
12
We used to run
I thought
pensaba
corríamos
comías
You always ate
Imperfect tense
They were going
She used to walk
caminaba
iban
He would sing
cantaba
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The imperfect tense is formed as follows
hablar comer vivir yo
habl com viv tú habl
com viv él habl com
viv nosotros habl com
viv ellos habl com viv
aba
ía
ía
abas
ías
ías
aba
ía
ía
ábamos
íamos
íamos
aban
ían
ían
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There are only 3 irregulars in the imperfect
IR gt SER gt VER gt
iba
era
veía
Imperfect generally indicates action that was
going on over a period of time. It also sets the
scene and describes. In English it can translate
to used to and was doing.
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Imperfect tense
She used to eat apples.
Ella comía manzanas
We used to live in Chicago.
Nosotros vivíamos en Chicago.
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We have run
hemos corrido
I have thought
he pensado
You had eaten
habías comido
Perfect tenses
They had gone
habían ido
She has walked
ha caminado
He had sung
había cantado
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The perfect tenses are made up of two parts
haber and the past participle. The forms of
haber are
Present Past (imp.)
había
yo tú él nosotros
ellos
he
habías
has
había
ha
habíamos
hemos
habían
han
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The participle is formed as follows
-ar verbs -ado -er, -ir verbs -ido
However, there are some irregulars
decir-gt hacer-gt
poner-gt abrir-gt escribir-gt volver-gt
romper-gt ver-gt cubrir-gt morir-gt
dicho
hecho
puesto
abierto
escrito
vuelto
roto
visto
cubierto
muerto
any verb ending with the same as above will
share the irregular ending, ie imponer impuesto
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Present perfect meanshas or have done some-
thing
For example he
comido has escrito
hemos ido



I have eaten
You have written
We have gone
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Present perfect tense
She has eaten apples.
Ella ha comido manzanas.
We had lived in Chicago.
Nosotros habíamos vivido en Chicago.
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Estamos comiendo
We are eating
I was thinking
Estaba pensando
Progressive tenses
He was running
Estaba corriendo
Está caminando
She is walking
Estaban esperando
They are waiting
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The progressive tenses are made of two things
estar and the present participle
estar present participle
present -ar gt
preterit -er gt
imperfect -ir gt
está
-ando
estuvo
-iendo
estaba
-iendo
They only irregular (que yo sepa) is IR which
goes to yendo.
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Progressive tenses
She is eating apples. (right now)
Ella está comiendo manzanas.
We were living in Chicago.
Nosotros estábamos viviendo en Chicago.
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Comeremos
We will eat
I will think
Pensaré
Cantarás
You will sing
Future Tense
He will run
Correrá
Caminará
She will walk
Esperarán
They will wait
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The future tense is formed as follows
hablar comer vivir yo
hablar comer vivir tú
hablar comer vivir él hablar
comer vivir nosotros hablar comer
vivir ellos hablar comer vivir
é
é
é
ás
ás
ás
á
á
á
emos
emos
emos
án
án
án
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Some irregulars in the future are
saldr-
querer-gt hacer-gt decir-gt poder-gt poner-gt
salir-gt tener-gt haber-gt venir-gt
querr-
tendr-
har-
habr-
dir-
vendr-
podr-
pondr-
The normal endings are added to the stems above
instead of the infinitive.
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Future tense
She will eat apples.
Ella comerá manzanas.
We will live in Chicago.
Nosotros viviremos en Chicago.
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We would eat
Comeríamos
I would think
Pensaría
Cantarías
You would sing
Conditional Tense
He would run
Correría
Caminaría
She would walk
They would wait
Esperarían
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The conditional tense is formed as follows
hablar comer vivir yo
hablar comer vivir tú
hablar comer vivir él hablar
comer vivir nosotros hablar comer
vivir ellos hablar comer vivir
ía
ía
ía
ías
ías
ías
ía
ía
ía
íamos
íamos
íamos
ían
ían
ían
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The conditional shares the irregular stems of the
future tense.
querr-
podr-
vendr-
dir-
har-
saldr-
pondr-
tendr-
habr-
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Conditional tense
She would eat apples.
Ella comería manzanas.
We would live in Chicago.
Nosotros viviríamos en Chicago.
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Vamos a practicar
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I will go to the park. We have seen the light.
You wrote a letter yesterday. Alex used to visit
often. You all would buy a car, but
Iré al parque. or Voy al parque.
Hemos visto la luz.
Escribiste una carta ayer.
Alex visitaba a menudo.
Uds. comprarían un coche, pero...
34
Katie Sylvia are eating in class. Sara has
been singing in the car. You will want a bite
(mordisco). Matt would have seen the accident if

Lauren will have been running for 10 miles
(millas).
Katie Sylvia están comiendo en
clase or comen en clase.
Sara ha estado cantando en el coche.
Querrás un mordisco.
Matt habría visto el accidente si...
Lauren habrá estado
corriendo por 10 millas.