S.P.Q.R.

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S.P.Q.R.
CONTRIBUTIONS OF ROME.
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Using a complete sentence for each, identify what
these structures might have been used for, and
what purpose they served in Roman society.
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Preview
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The Achievements of Rome

• Many Roman achievements in areas such as art,
  architecture, law, literature, engineering, and
  entertainment can still be seen in our society
  today.

• Essential Question
• What Roman achievements made it the cornerstone
  in what we would later call western
  civilization?

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At its height, the Roman empire contained
portions of three continents (Africa, Europe, and
Asia).

• Keep in mind this area of influence as we look at
  examples of Roman achievements.

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Greco-Roman Civilization

• Romans adapted Greek culture to reflect their own
  values, beliefs, and traditions. (Exgive deities
  Latin names)

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Roman Art

• Reasons
• political purposes
• commemorate events
• Statuary warts and all (realistic)
• Coins
• portraits revealed character
• Events
• Mythology

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Roman Coinage

• Elagabalus Grandmother

• Hades stealing Persephone

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Roman Architecture

• Columns (3 Greek orders)
• Doric
• Ionic
• Corinthian
• Arch gave greater support which allowed larger
  buildings
• Domealmost figured it out but couldnt close it
  fully

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weight
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Pantheon
The floor was made from stone from the four
corners of the empire.
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Engineering

• Roads
• aided the army
• remained long after the fall of Rome
• Aqueductsbrought fresh water to cities (some
  still in use across Europe)

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Science

• Galenmedical encyclopedia (based on dogs and
  monkeys)
• Ptolemydeveloped theory that Earth was the
  center of the universe (geo-centric theory)
• FYI - Both were widely considered correct until
  the Sci. Rev. in the mid 16th century.

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Entertainment Social Life

• Circus Maximuschariot racingcapacity 250,000
• Public Bathshot pools, warm pools, cold pools

Colosseumgladiators, navy battles, and animal
fights
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Latin

• Official language of the western half of the
  empire
• Official language of the Catholic church until
  the 20th century
• Many of the languages from western Europe derive
  from Latin called Romance languages
  (essentially these are a mixture of Latin and the
  language of the tribe that conquered that
  area.(Franks in Gaul / end up with French)

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Literature

• Poetryhelped link the Roman world to the Greek
• Virgil wrote the Aeneid, about the Trojan
  warrior Aeneas

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History

• Studied the rise and fall of Rome
• Livy wrote a history of Rome from its origins
  to 9 BC (more of a national myth than realistic
  history)
• Tacitus accurate historian concerned about
  Roman morality

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Philosophy

• Stoicismprioritizes duty and accepting ones
  fateadopted from the teachings of the Greek
  philosopher ZenoMarcus Aurelius was the most
  noted stoic
• This emperor even wrote of book of philosophy
  called Meditations

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Law, Government, the Army

• Empirethe legions stretched Romes area of
  influence
• Roman Law1. innocent until proven guilty2.
  guilt must be clearer than daylight3. Actions,
  not thoughts, were punishable

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• PROCESSING
• Scavenger Hunt. You are to look around community
  to find examples of the three Greek orders of
  columns that the Romans incorporated in their
  architecture. Take pictures of each of these
  styles and tell where you found it. Also, find
  an arch used in architecture somewhere and take a
  picture of it as well.