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TRANSPORT OF IONS IN SOLUTION

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TRANSPORT OF IONS IN SOLUTION Conductivity of electrolyte solutions Strong and weak electrolyte Jaslin Ikhsan, Ph.D. Chemistry Ed. Department State University of ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: TRANSPORT OF IONS IN SOLUTION


1
TRANSPORT OF IONS IN SOLUTION
  • Conductivity of electrolyte solutions
  • Strong and weak electrolyte

Jaslin Ikhsan, Ph.D. Chemistry Ed.
Department State University of Yogyakarta
2
  • Mahasiswa dapat menjelaskan pengertian
    konduktansi dan konduktivitas
  • Mahasiswa dapat menghitung konduktivitas molar
    larutan
  • Mahasiswa dapat menjelaskan hukum pengenceran
    Ostwald
  • Mahasiswa dapat menentukan pKa dengan menggunakan
    hasil pengukuran konduktivitas

3
Conductivity of Electrolyte Solution
  • Ions in solution can be set in motion by applying
    a potential difference between two electrodes.
  • The conductance (G) of a solution is defined as
    the inverse of the resistance (R)
  • For parallel plate electrodes with area A, it
  • follows

Where, ? the conductivity, L the distance
separating the plates Units G ? S (siemens) R
? ? ? ? S m-1
4
Conductivity of Electrolyte Solution
  • The conductivity of a solution depends on the
    number of ions present. Consequently, the molar
    conductivity ?m is used
  • C is molar concentration of electrolyte and unit
    of ?m is S m2 mol-1
  • In real solutions, ?m depends on the
    concentration of the electrolyte. This could be
    due to
  • Ion-ion interactions ? ?? ? 1
  • The concentration dependence of conductance
    indicates that there are 2 classes of electrolyte
  • Strong electrolyte molar conductivity depends
    slightly on the molar concentration
  • Weak electrolyte molar concentration falls
    sharply as the concentration increases

5
Conductivity of Electrolyte Solution
6
Strong Electrolyte
7
Strong Electrolyte
8
Weak Electrolyte
  • Not fully ionized in solution

9
Weak Electrolyte
  • The molar Conductivity (at higher concentrations)
    can be expressed as
  • At infinite dilution, the weak acid is fully
    dissociated (a 100)
  • It can be proven by the Ostwald dilution law
    which allows estimating limiting molar
    conductance

10
Weak Electrolyte
  • The limiting molar conductance

Hukum Pengenceran Ostwald
Graph to determine the limiting value of the
molar conductivity of a solution by extrapolation
to zero concentration
11
  • Diskusi
  • Konduktivitas molar larutan elektrolit pada 250C
    adalah 135,5 S cm2 mol-1 dan konsentrasinya
    adalah 5,35 x 10-2 M. Hitunglah konduktivitas
    larutan! (20)
  • Sel konduktivitas mempunyai elektrode bidang yang
    sejajar, masing-masing luasnya 2,2 cm x 2,2 cm,
    dan terpisah sejauh 2,75 cm. Jika sel diisi
    dengan larutan elektrolit, tahanannya adalah 351
    ohm. Berapakah konduktivitas larutan? (25)
  • Pada 250C konduktivitas larutan elektrolit kuat
    dalam air adalah 109,9 S cm2 mol-1 untuk
    konsentrasi 6,2 x 10-3 M dan 106,1 S cm2 mol-1
    untuk konsentrasi 1,50 x 10-2 M. Berapakah
    konduktivitas molar pembatas elektrolit tersebut?
    (30)
  • Konduktivitas molar 0,1000 M KCl (aq) adalah 129
    S cm2 mol-1 dan tahanan terukur dalam sel
    konduktivitas adalah 28,44 ohm. Tahanan itu
    besarnya 28,50 ohm jika sel yang sama berisi
    0,1000 M NH4Cl (aq). Hitunglah konduktivitas
    molar NH4Cl (aq) pada konsentrasi ini! (25)

12
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