Participation of Women in Mathematics, Science, Engineering

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Part 1

• Participation of Women in Mathematics, Science,
  Engineering Technology from Antiquity to
  Present time

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1-1Early Women Scientists and Engineers

• The earliest evidence of women engaged in
  activities relating to science dates back to
  about 6000 years.
• Most of these women lived in the Middle East
  region.
• The earliest woman active in the medical sciences
  field was Merit Ptah, who lived in Egypt around
  2700 B.C.
• Throughout early antiquity up until about 500
  B.C., at most one or two women scientists have
  been identified during each century.
• The earliest woman active in physical sciences
  and engineering is Tapputi Belatekallim, a
  Babylonian chemist (or perhaps we should refer to
  her as a chemical engineer), who lived around
  1200 B.C..

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1-2Women and Science in the Ancient World

• The written history of science begins in Egypt
  during the old kingdom, the age of the Pyramid
  (2778 2263 B.C.).
• Medicine was an established profession in Egypt
  prior to 3000 B.C. and educated women worked as
  doctors and surgeons.
• The people of Mesopotamia - the Sumerians,
  Babylonians and Assyrians- made the greatest
  advances in science, particularly in observation
  astronomy.