Title: AP Psychology Test review: prologue
1AP Psychology Test review prologue
21. Psychology is defined as
- A) the study of behavior and mental processes.
- B) the study of behavior.
- C) the scientific study of behavior and mental
processes. - D) the science of behavior and consequences.
32. Socrates and Plato were in agreement that
- A) knowledge is something we are born with.
- B) knowledge is something taught and learned.
- C) the mind is the result of bodily fluids.
- D) the mind is the activity of the brain.
43. It was _____ who believed that the mind grows
from experiences in our memory.
- A) Socrates
- B) Plato
- C) Descartes
- D) Aristotle
54. ____ believed the fluid in the cavities of
the brain contained animal spirits.
- A) Plato
- B) Bacon
- C) Aristotle
- D) Descartes
6An essay of the political philosopher _____,
arguing the mind is a blank slate, helped form
modern empiricism.
- A) Bacon
- B) Locke
- C) Descartes
- D) Plato
76. The first psychological laboratory was
established by
- A) Wilhelm Wundt.
- B) Sigmund Freud.
- C) John Locke.
- D) B.F. Skinner.
87. Tichner believed in the method called ____ to
investigate psychological processes.
- A) the experimental method
- B) cause-and-effect relationships
- C) introspection
- D) psychoanalysis
98. William James studied behavior based on how it
was adaptive. He was heavily influenced by
_____.
- A) John Locke
- B) Charles Darwin
- C) Sigmund Freud
- D) Francis Bacon
109. Mary Calkins was famous for
- A) being the first female president of the APA.
- B) being a leading proponent of structuralism.
- C) being the first female graduate student,
thanks to Titchner. - D) all of the above.
1110. The first textbook was written by
- A) Washburn.
- B) Titchner.
- C) Wundt.
- D) James.
1211. Watson and Skinner would be in agreement in
their
- A) high esteem of psychoanalysis.
- B) dismissal of introspection.
- C) definition of psychology as the study of
behavior and mental processes. - D) study of cognitive neuroscience.
1312. Current psychology employs three main levels
of analysis, which include all of the following
except
- A) biological.
- B) psychological.
- C) psychoanalytical.
- D) social-cultural.
1413. A psychologist explains human mate selection
in terms of helping the species to continue. She
is using the ____ perspective.
- A) social-cultural
- B) neuroscience
- C) evolutionary
- D) biological
1514. In psychology, the current stand on the
nature-nurture controversy is
- A) nature works on what nature endows.
- B) learning is far more important than genetics.
- C) genetics is far more important than learning.
- D) we are born with a blank slate until learning
occurs.
1615. In studying anger, the psychologist who views
an anger outburst as an outlet for unconscious
hostility is coming from the ___ perspective.
- A) neuroscience
- B) evolutionary
- C) cognitive
- D) psychodynamic
1716. The psychologist most likely to treat mental
disorders is the
- A) counseling psychologist.
- B) clinical psychologist.
- C) personality psychologist.
- D) developmental psychologist.
1817. The ___ has a medical degree and prescribes
medication.
- A) clinical psychologist
- B) neuropsychologist
- C) psychiatrist
- D) all of the above
1918. You are a VP in a major corporation and need
to hire a professional to help hire and train
employees more effectively. Your best choice
would likely be a(n)
- A) industrial/organizational psychologist.
- B) clinical psychologist.
- C) social psychologist.
- D) cognitive psychologist.
2019. Research aimed at building psychologys
knowledge base is
- A) applied research.
- B) academic research.
- C) basic research.
- D) theoretical research.
2120. The psychological specialty most likely to
focus on applied research is
- A) Biological Psychology.
- B) Cognitive Psychology.
- C) Personality Psychology.
- D) Industrial/Organizational Psychology.
2221. The correct order of the SQ3R method is
- A) survey, question, review, read, reflect.
- B) survey, question, read, review, reflect.
- C) survey, question, read, reorganize,
regurgitate. - D) study, question, re-study, re-read, review.
2322. Your friend, Bob, tells you he only studies
the day before the test, so it is, fresh. You
point out
- A) short-term memory is more accurate than
long-term memory. - B) studying right before the test is better than
the day before. - C) spaced practice is more effective.
- D) as long as he follows the SQ3R model, he
should do fine.
2423. In class, you can listen actively by
- A) asking questions.
- B) write down main ideas.
- C) thinking about what is being said.
- D) all of the above.
2524 Your text recommends the way to answer
multiple-choice questions is to
- A) cover the answers first.
- B) weigh the potential of each answer.
- C) eliminate the wrong answers first.
- D) imagine how each answer could be the right one.
2625. Over 100 years ago, _____ urged active
listening, stating, No reception without
reaction, no impression without . . .
expression.
- A) Sigmund Freud
- B) William James
- C) John Locke
- D) Wilhelm Wundt
2726. An important difference between humanistic
and psychodynamic approaches is that humanistic
psychologists believe in the importance of
- A) Learning
- B) Free Will
- C) Biological Instincts
- D) Unconscious Experiences
2827. Although paul seems bright and capable to his
friends and parents, he has been failing school.
He agrees to speak to a psychologist, who
suggests that his problems steam from internal
processes such as unrealistic expectations and
negative thinking. The psychologists view is
typical of which of the following models of
behavior?
- A) Psychoanalytic
- B) Humanistic
- C) Cognitive
- D) Unconscious Experiences
2928. Cognitive theorists emphasize the
- A) Powerful unconscious impulses that motivate
behavior - B) Formation and modification of schemas
- C) Impact of rewards and punishments
- D) Social norms that determine behavior
3029. According maslows hierarchy of needs, which
of the following is true?
- A) Cultural differences impact the rate that
individuals reach self-actualization - B) Self-actualization will always precede the
meeting of needs for esteem - C) Women are more likely to reach
self-actualization than men - D) Physiological needs must be met before an
individual achieves self-actualization
3130. Which of the following approaches emphasizes
observable responses over inner experiences when
accounting for behavior?
- A) Humanistic
- B) Cognitive
- C) Evolutionary
- D) Behavioral
3231. Which of the following is true for
behaviorism?
- A) Its rooted in Freuds view of the importance
of early experiences - B) It was formulated to account for cognitive
development - C) It holds that development is largely a product
of learning - D) It emphasizes the dominance of heredity over
environment
3332. leadership, job satisfaction, and employee
motivation are all studied in which of the
following psychological disciplines?
- A) Counseling psychology
- B) Experimental psychology
- C) Human factors psychology
- D) Industrial-organizational psychology
3433. The inheritance of behavioral characteristics
was emphasized by?
- A) John Locke
- B) John Watson
- C) Charles Darwin
- D) B.F. Skinner
3534. Which professional specialty focuses on the
diagnosis and treatment of people with
psychological disorders?
- A) Counseling psychology
- B) Experimental psychology
- C) Clinical psychology
- D) Developmental psychology
3635. Wilhelm Wundt's laboratory work involved
experimental studies of?
- A) reactions to sensory stimulation.
- B) learning and memory.
- C) personality development.
- D) association and generalization.
3736. William James was a prominent American?
- A) structuralist.
- B) functionalist.
- C) psychoanalyst.
- D) behaviorist.
3837. Who was a student of William James and the
first female president of the American
Psychological Association??
- A) Margaret Floy Washburn
- B) Mary Whiton Calkins
- C) Margaret Washington
- D) Rosalie Rayner
3938. Who would have been most likely to ignore
mental processes and to define psychology as the
scientific study of observable behavior??
- A) Watson
- B) Piaget
- C) Titchner
- D) Wundt
4039. Which of the following psychologists most
clearly rejected the value of introspection?
- A) Freud
- B) James
- C) Watson
- D) Wundt
4140. The founder of the american psychological
association in 1892?
- A) Albert Bandura
- B) Carl Rogers
- C) G. Stanley Hall
- D) Cecil Sumner
42Answers
1. C
2. A
3. D
4. D
5. B
6. A
7. C
8. B
9. A
10. D
11. B
12. C
13. C
14. A
15. D
16. B
17. C
18. A
19. C
20. D
21. B
22. C
23. D
24. A
25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. B C C B D D C D C
34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. C A B B A B C