Review Guide

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Review Guide
Cell Respiration
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Aerobic Cell Respiration

• The process by which the chemical energy of
  "food" molecules glucose is released and
  partially captured in the form of ATP.

Heat
CO2
Glucose or Other Organic Molecules
ATP
H2O
Mitochondria
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Respiration can be
AEROBIC -O2 is required. -process completed
inside the mitochondria -produces significantly
more ATPs.
ANAEROBIC -O2 is NOT required. -process completed
in the cytoplasm -produces significantly less
ATPs.
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Overview of Aerobic Respiration

• C6H12O6 6O2 6CO2 6H2O ATP

If you reversed the direction of the reaction,
then which process would be involved?
NOTE For every one molecule of glucose that
enters CR , 36 ATPs are produced.
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Three stages make up Cell Respiration Aerobic
Pathway
I. Glycolysis -occurs in the cytoplasm -does not
require O2

• II. Krebs Cycle
• -occurs in the mitochondrion
• Requires oxygen
• -C in glucose is released as CO2
• -high-energy electrons produced via the molecule
  NADH and FADH2

• III. Electron Transport Chain
• -occurs in the mitochondria
• Requires oxygen
• -most number of ATPs produced

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Energy in cell is stored in these molecules
NADH
FADH2
ATP
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Where it all happens
Weird fact mitochondria like Chloroplasts have
their own special DNA maybe they were once
bacteria!!!
The enormous number of infoldings inside the
mitochondria provides a great amount of surface
area for the electron transport chain reactions
in Cell Respiration.
Krebs Cycle- matrix
Electron transport Chain - cristae
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What kinds of Cells have lots of mitochondria

• Cells that have a high metabolism lots of
  chemical reactions
• Liver cells
• Muscle cells
• Intestinal cells
• Eye cells
• Heart cells

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Cells types that have and dont have Mitochondria

• Eukaryotes Cells that have a nucleus and
  membrane bound organelles have mitochondria
• Cells that are eukaryotes include
• Animal cells
• Plant cells
• Fungus cells
• Protist cells like algae
• Cells that are not eukaryotes are called
  Prokaryotes and these include bacteria.

So the answer is.
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• Practice Questions
• All of the following are organic molecules
  (carbon containing) except
• Lipids
• DNA
• Glucose
• Water

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• Practice Questions
• Energy conversion within an eukaryotic cell would
  be limited by the removal of the cells
• Nucleus
• Lysosome
• Mitochondria
• Plastids

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What is the effect of adding more and more sugar
glucose to the rate of cell respiration? The
amount of ATP produced is directly proportional
to the _____?_____.
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Which molecule is represented by A? Which other
products is represented by B? How can we tell
that the process happening is NOT photosynthesis?