Nutrition

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Nutrition

• Food Any substance that is ingested and
  sustains life.
• Examples of food include
• fruits, vegetables, grains, nuts and fish

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• Different foods fill some nutritional
  requirements
• Oranges give us Vitamin C
• Milk gives us protein.
• Nutrient substance found in food that is used by
  the body to meet important needs.

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• There are 6 types of nutrient
• 1) Carbohydrates
• 2) Protein
• 3) Fats (also called lipids)
• 4) Vitamins
• 5) Minerals
• 6) Water

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Carbohydrates

• Composed of a single sugar molecule or chains of
  sugar molecules.
• One (Simple) sugar molecule Glucose
• Two sugar molecules Sucrose
• Complex sugar starch
• Function 1st source of Energy
• Sources pastries, candy, bread, cereals, pasta,
  potatoes

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Proteins

• Large molecules composed of chains of amino
  acids.
• Main function to build and repair cells and
  tissues.
• Also provide energy if no other sources
• Sources dairy products, meat, fish, eggs,
• legumes and tofu

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Fats Sources butter and oils

• Also called lipids.
• Composed of fatty acids and glycerol
• Cholesterol is a fat.
• Function stored energy provides
• a 2nd source of energy.
• - Building blocks of hormones and cell membranes.
• - Protects organs and insulates from cold

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Vitamins

• Body requires vitamins in small amounts
• Each vitamin has a different function to
• aid your metabolism.
• Examples A, B1, B2, C, D, E
• Vitamins contribute to chemical reactions
• and strengthen the body to fight infection
• Main sources fruits and vegetables

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Minerals

• Substance of mineral origin make up 4 of body
  weight
• All have a different role to aid in the body's
  metabolism
• For example
• - Calcium helps to build bones and teeth
• - Iron helps transport oxygen in the blood
• Found in fruits, vegetables and dairy products

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Water

• Simple molecule H20
• Water makes up 70 of the human body
• Functions is to aid in the body's metabolism
• - Transports nutrients and waste
• - regulates body temperature
• - essential in chemical reactions in the body
• Sources juice, drinks, water

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After Digestion

• Carbohydrates break down into simple glucose.
• Proteins break down into amino acids
• Fats break down into fatty acids and glycerol

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Energy content

• Energy is measured in Kilojoules per gram of
  nutrient.
• Carbohydrates contain 17kJ/g
• Proteins contain 17kJ/g
• Fats contain 37kJ/g