Level Fundamentals

1
????
Level 1
???
2
Contents

• Topics Slide No
• ??????? 3 - 4
• ????? 5 - 7
• ????? 8 - 22
• ???? ??? 23 - 72
• Similarity between FF PA
• Difference between FF PA
• Benefits of FF against PA
• ?? 73 - 75

FF Foundation Fieldbus PA Profibus
3
?????
??/??/???? Electronics
(????????? ??????)
????
???? ????
(??????????? ???)
Process Pressure
4
?????

• ?????
• ?????
• 4-20 mA or 1-5V or 3-15 psi ????
• ?????
• ???? (????) superimposed on analog signal (4-20
  mA or 1-5V)
• Profibus ???
• ???????
• Foundation Fieldbus ???
• ???????
• ??????

5
???????

• ???????????
• ?????
• ????
• ???????? ??????????? ????????? voltage signal by
  the electronics

Eg). ?? 4-20 mA ???? only
6
??????????? ?

• ?????????.

• ????? ????????.

• ?????????????????????

• ????????????????.

7
4-20 mA ????
????????????????????.
????
????
8
?????

• ?????????????? ?????,???? ? ????,???
• ????
• ?????

Eg). ?? 4-20 mA ?? ?? HART ??
9
??????????? ?

• ??
• ????
• ????

PV
?? ??/?? ??.

• ??
• ?????????
• ???
• ?????

10
?? vs ??

• ???????????????.
• ???????????.

?????

• ?????????????.
• ?????????????.

?????
A/D ??
D/A ??
11
HART ??
Highway Addressable Remote Transducer(????????)

• ???????
• Users are not locked into a single supplier

1
0
1200 Hz
2200Hz
HART ???????????,?? Bell 202 ??? ,????????? 4 -
20 mA ?????.
?? HART ????? 4-20 mA ??l
12
4-20 mA ????
???????????????? ????.
Current Loop
Control Loop
13
HART ??
??? BELL 202 FSK Transmission Rate 1.2kbit/s
HART ???? ???????? 0.125 V
??? HART ???? 0.3 V
Communication signal riding on 4-20 mA Analog
signal
14
? HART ????????
150?
100?
HART ??? ????????????? 250 ??????
?
????????? ????????
15
??????HART??
?????????????,?? ?????????

• Download DDs
• ????.
• ????.
• ?????
• ???????
• ????
• ????????????
• can be added-on for
• advanced functions.

Communicator
????
???????
275 Memory
???
16
???????????

• ?? 15 HART ????????can be multi-dropped.

????
250?
???? 0
Communicate
Communicate
17
???????????(AMS)

• Asset Managments on-line communications and
  diagnostics provides Maintenance Engineering
  the tools to efficiently Manage Plant Assets!

18
AMS ?????????

• AMSs On-Line

??????????
??1500?????
?? 32 ?????
19
AMS ??
????
(Each MUX can tap 32 devices)
Two set of ELCO cable connect to ELCO boards
????
20
??????????
20
4
Normal Operating Range
Analog Output (mA)

• ????

• ????
• ???? 4 mA point ? ??????? at 3.9 mA
• ???? 20 mA point ? ??????? at 20.8 mA
• ??????

• ??????
• HIGH or LOW ? ?? ???????????????
• ???? ? ??????? HIGH or LOW ?

21
????????

• ??????

????????,? 420 mA ???????
0
200
140
80
4 mA
20 mA
PV 40 psi AO 3.9 mA
PV 160 psi AO 20.8 mA

• ???????

• Primary ????????
• Secondary ?????????
• 3rd ????
• 4th ????

22
?????????
????????????????

• ?????
• ?????
• ??????
• ?????
• ?????
• ???????
• ????????

23
??????

• ????
• ??,??,?????
• ?????????

24
??????

• IEC 1158-2 ??

25
??????

• ???? ????????

???
??
??
Daisy ?
???
26
FoundationTM Fieldbus FF????

• ??
• ????????? is the same on both Highway 1 and 2
• ???
• Highway 2 for ?????????.
• (100 Mbits/sec or 1 Gbits/sec)
• ?????
• Highway 1 for ?????
• (31.25Kbits/sec)
• ???????
• ?? ??
• ??????

27
FoundationTM Fieldbus FF??
Speed 100 Mbits/s High Speed Ethernet
Speed 31.25 Kbits/s
28
Profibus ???? ? ???

• Profibus FMS for ???????.
• (Up to 12Mbits/sec _at_ 100 metres)
• ?? (RS485)
• CNC Devices
• Computer to Computer
• Profibus DP for ??
• (Up to 1.2Mbits/sec _at_ 200 metres)
• Signal (RS-485)
• ?????????
• ????????
• Profibus PA for ????? (31.25Kbits/sec)
• ??????
• ?????
• ???????

29
Profibus ??
Up to 12Mbits/s _at_ 100 metres
Up to 1.2Mbits/sec _at_ 200 metres
31.25 or 62 Kbits/s
31.25 Kbits/s
30
??? Fieldbus?

• Fieldbus ?????.
• ??????.
• ???? 31.25 kbit/s

31
H1 - 31.25 kbit/s Field Devices

• ??? fieldbus ????
• Can operate on wiring previously used for 4-20 mA
  devices

Field Devices powered from fieldbus
?? ?? ?????.
32
H1 ????
33
??

• R-C circuit
• ???????
• ???????????????
• ???????

34
????

• ?????????????????
• trying to maintain constant voltage level on the
  cable
• ????fieldbus
• by putting an inductor between power supply
  fieldbus wiring

All ground terminals should be connected to
Instrument Ground Bar or Earth Ground
35
????

• ? fieldbus ??????? ???? 32 V.
• ???????? 9 V ????????.

VPS - VPC lt 32 v
Vn gt 9 v
36
??????

• ????

Before
After
37
??????
38
??????
Terminator
Brick
Gland
Cap
39
FOUNDATION Fieldbus ????

• 3 ??????

40
???

• ??????? (eg. wire-pair)
• ????? ????????????????.
• to a digital representation that a
  micro-processor can understand
• ??????
• 31.25 K ??

Physical Layer
FOUNDATION fieldbus H1 Segment
41
???

• Fieldbus ??? Manchester ??
• ???????? ?? synchronous serial ??.

42
???

• ??????
• ??????????? encoding decoding of user layer
  messages
• ??????????? deterministic control of message
  transmission
• ??????
• ????? (DLL)
• ?????? onto the fieldbus through the Link Active
  Scheduler (LAS)
• ???????????????? various possibilities for
  application layer to send data to other stations

Communication Stack
Physical Layer
FOUNDATION fieldbus H1 Segment
43
???

• ?????? (LAS)
• ?? Fieldbus ?,?????las
• ?? LAS ??, ??? LAS (LM) ????

44
???

• ????????????
• Blocks - resource, transducer, and function
• ?? DDs ??????????????
• Key FF technology differentiator

45
???- ???

• ??????
• Dev Type
• Dev Rev
• Mode
• Master Reset
• ??????
• ????????????

46
??? ???

• ????????????
• ?????
• processing of sensor signal such as
  characterization trimming
• ?????
• processing of actuator feedback signal

47
??? ???

• ???????????
• measurement
• control control-selection
• calculation signal selection
• alarm
• actuation etc.
• ????????

48
??? ???

• ???????????
• within a device and/or to other devices
• ????????????
• download via the Host
• ??????

49
????

• FOUNDATION Fieldbus ????????
• ???DCS??????????!

50
????? (DDs)

• ?????????
• New devices are added to the fieldbus by simply
  connecting the device to the fieldbus segment and
  providing the control system or host with the
  DDs.
• ???
• ????????????????.

51
????? (DDs)

• ??
• ?? fieldbus foundation?????
• Universal parameters
• Function block parameters
• Transducer block parameters
• ??????????
• Manufacturer specific parameters

To Host System
52
??????

• ??????????????????.
• ???????????????????????.
• ????????????????.

• Plug and Play Transmitters
• This enables fast and safe commissioning of the
  Fieldbus Network
• No dip switches or software pre-configuration
  required

53
????????

• Fisher-Rosemount Provide Polarity Insensitive
  Foundation Fieldbus Devices

• This enables fast and safe commissioning of the
  Fieldbus Network

Rack Room Marshalling Panel
Field Junction Boxes
Host Termination Panel
Home Run Cable Junction Boxes
54
????

• Devices may be connected to the bus On-Line and
  used in Control Strategies without shutting down
  the Control System
• This maximises device flexibility, availability
  and ultimately process through put.

• Why Stop the process when you want to add a Field
  Device ?

55
????

• Foundation Fieldbus provides a service for
  finding devices or Function Blocks by TAG.
• Variables can also be found searchingTAG.Desired
  Parameter

• Can you remember the Transmitters Hardware
  Address that you are looking for ?
• Extremely useful feature during plant start-up
  and operation.

FT102A or CTL01C03A01
56
??? ID

• Foundation Fieldbus provides a UNIQUE ID (Serial
  Number) in each Device.
• This Enables Device traceability from initial
  device manufacture.
• ?? ID ????????, ?????, ??, Time and Date
  ??????????????? .

• Useful for life Cycle Management and Material
  Management
• Provides Device Traceability

57
Trend Collection In Fieldbus Devices
Last 16 (Values Status) Timestamp of Last
Value Collected
Trend Collection
Transd. Block
AI
PID
AO
58
????

• All devices in the network share a common sense
  of time, which allows precise scheduling of
  activities.
• The Application Clock Time Distribution function
  synchronises all Fieldbus devices. The devices
  maintain their application clocks between
  synchronisation messages.

• The application time enables the devices to time
  stamp data (variables, alarms etc.) at source.
• Scheduling between devices provides tighter
  control.

59
????????
????????
DCS
Proprietary Bus
Profibus DP
4 - 20 mA
DP/PA Coupler
Profibus PA
60
????????
DCS
Foundation Fieldbus
61
??????

• Basic

• ????
• ????
• ????
• ????
• PID, PI, I Control

• P, PD Control
• ?????
• ????
• Bias/Gain Station
• Ratio Station

62
??????

• ??

• ????
• ??????
• ??????
• Step Output PID
• ????
• Setpoint Ramp Generator
• ???
• ?????
• ?????
• Lead Lag

• ???
• ??
• ??
• Integrator(Totaliser)
• ???
• ????
• ????
• ??????
• ??????

63
????????
64
????????
65
?? PLC ???

• Information Mapping in a PLC Based System

DCS
Proprietary Bus
Data Base Locations
Profibus DP
4 - 20 mA
DP/PA Link Device
Profibus PA
66
A FoundationTM Fieldbus ??
Information location with FoundationTM Fieldbus
DCS
Foundation Fieldbus
67
Device Description Coverage
68
Device Description Coverage
69
???????

• Full Device Description (DD) support enables you
  to upgrade a FoundationTM Fieldbus Device by
  download the new DDs to it.

70
???????

• To upgrade a Profibus PA Device
• First find out which PA Communication Profile it
  is using. Version 1.0, 2.0, 2.1, 2.2 or 3.0.
• Then find out if the hardware of your device can
  support the new PA Communication Profile.
• Check the host PA Communication Profile.
• Then return the device to the factory for the
  device to be upgraded. This upgrade can be
  performed on site if you have the correct
  revision of the device flashing tool and trained
  maintenance staff.

• Profibus PA High Cost of ownership

71
????
FF
PA

• ??????????????.
• ??????????? ?????????.
• Value 234.5 m3/h
• Status Good, Bad
• Sub-Status Description of Fault
• Limit High, Low, Constant or not limited
• Predictive Analysis Impulse Line Plugging

AI
72
Predictive Device Failure Analysis

• With Advanced Diagnostic Functionality we can
  predictively detect device failures. This can be
  applied to the primary sensing element, the
  transmitter and/or the final actuator.

73
??

• 1. Define Foundation fieldbus.
• 2. State 2 distinguish difference between
  Foundation fieldbus and HART protocol.
• 3. State 2 similarities between Foundation
  fieldbus and HART protocol.
• 4. Name the three main layers of the Foundation
  Fieldbus Architecture.
• 5. Which one of the above layer is the key
  differentiator of Foundation Fieldbus Technology?

74
Exercise

• 6. Name the device in a fieldbus segment that
  acts as a traffic police to control the
  transmission of messages.
• 7. Name the block via where calibration is
  performed on the Foundation fieldbus device?
• 8. Name the block via where measurement
  configurations are made on the Foundation
  fieldbus device?
• 9. What is the allowable/required voltage range
  at any device in a fieldbus segment for the
  device to operate correctly.
• 10.Name the 2 special components that are
  required in a fieldbus segment to reduce signal
  distortion.

75
Exercise
Rosemount measurement transmitters falls into the
following categories A. Analog B. Smart C. Founda
tion Fieldbus D. Profibus PA Select the category
that best suits the following statements 11. Out
puts only 4-20 mA current. 12. Enable
control in the field. 13. Outputs only
digital signal related PV. 14. Communication
signal superimposed onto the 4-20 mA current
signal. 15. Uses BELL 202 physical layer
for communication. 16. Has built in
function blocks such as AI, and PID. 17. Made
up of A/D modem, Micro-processor D/A
modem. 18. Uses LAS to synchronize
communication.