Title: ??(2003/12)????(2003/9)???(2004/7)???????????SARS??
1??????????
2???????????
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3??????????
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4???????
- ??(2003/12)????(2003/9)???(2004/7)???????????SARS?
? - ???????????????????????????,?????SARS????????,????
?,??????????? - ????(H2N2)??????
- ??????(Newcastle disease virus)???????????
- ????????????????(Brucella abortus)
- ??????????
- ????(Clostridium botulinum type A
)?????(Salmonella spp.) - ??????,??????????????????
- ???????(Cryptosporidium parvum)?????????????,?????
????????? - ??????????????
5???????
- 1979?,??Birmingham??????????,????????
- ??????,??????
- ???????????
- ?????????(2006/9/17)?????????????????(Shigella
flexneri )??,????????????????????? - ??????
6??????????
- ?????(2005/9/16)?????????????????????????????
- ????????????
- ?????????
- ????(Small pox virus)?????(Bacillus
anthrax)??????(FMD virus)??????(Mycobacterium
tuberculosis) - ???????????
- ????(Influenza virus)?????(Rotavirus)?Norovirus
- ???????????
- ????????
7??????????
- ??????????
- ?????????????
- ?????????????????
- ?????????????
- ?????SARS??,??????6?,???????????,????????,???70???
??????,?20????????????
8?????????
- ??????????????
- ???????????????
- ????????????????????????,??????????????,??????????
?,?????????????????????, ????????????????????,????
????????????????????63???,??????9???45??????
9????????
10??????????????????????????
- ??????????????????????????????
- ??????????????????DNA????????????????????
- ?????????????,????????????????,??????????,????????
???,???????????????????DNA???,??????????,?????????
???????? - ????????????
- ????20?????????
11??????????????????????
- ?????????(LD50??100 ng/kg)
- ??LD50???????
- ?????????????,???????????????
- ???????DNA,??????????????
- ??????????????????????
- ?????????????????????????????
12?????????
- ???????(Physical Containment Level)
- ??????????????????????,???????????????,??????????
- ????????,???P1?P2?P3?P4???
- 20????????????????,???LS-C?LS-1?LS-2????
- ???????(BSLBiosafety Level)
- ???????DNA???????????,??????????,???????????,?????
??????????????? - ??BSL-1?BSL-2?BSL-3?BSL-4????ABSL-1?ABSL-2?ABSL-3?
ABSL-4???
13?????
- P1 lab
- ????????????????,??????????????
- P2 lab
- ????????????????,???????????????,????,?????,??????
???????? - P3 lab
- ????????????????,???????????????,????????????
- P4 lab
- ????????????????,???????????????,?????????????
14????????
- ??????(Risk group 1 , RG1)???
- ?????????????????????
- ??????(Risk group 2 , RG2)???
- ????????????????????????,?????????????
- ??????(Risk group 3 , RG3)???
- ????????????????????????,???????????
- ??????(Risk group 4 , RG4)???
- ????????????????????????,????????????
15??????RG2???
- Fungus
- Aspergillus fumigatus
- Viruses
- Newcastle disease virus, Human rotavirus,
Norovirus, Astrovirus, Human adenovirus - Bacteria
- Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli O157H7,
Salmonella typhi, Salmonella typhimurium,
Salmonella choleraesuis, Salmonella enteritidis,
Salmonella derby, Salmonella panama, Salmonella
dublin, Vibrio parahaemolyticus
16??????
- ???????
- SARS, Flu, TB
- ?????????????????
- ????
- ????????
- ?????
- Salmonella, E. coli
- ?????????????
- ???????
- NDV, parasites
- ???????????????????
17?????????- BSL1 or P1 Lab -
- ?????????
- ??????????????????RG1???????DNA?????
- ?????(?????)
- ????????,??????????
- ?????,?????????????
- ????????????????
- ?????????????
- ??????????,?????
- ??????(?????)
- ??????????
- ??????????????
- ??????
- ????????????????????
- ???????????????????
18?????????-?????????-
- ???????????
- ???????????
- ????????
- ??????????
- ?????????
- ????????????
- ?????????,???????????
- ???????????????????????,?????????????????????,????
??????,??????,??????????? - ?????????????,????????????,??????????????????,????
???????????,?????????????,????????,???????????????
?? - ???????????,?????????,?????????????????????
19 P1????-??????-???????????-
- ?????,??????????
- ?????????????,????????,????????
- ???????????????,?????????????????????,?????????
- ??????????
- ?????????????????
- ???????,????????????
- ??????,??????????
- ?????????????,??????????????,?????????????
- ????????????,????????
- ????????,????????
- ????????,????????????
- ????????????????
20(No Transcript)
21????????? - BSL2 or P2 Lab -
- ????????????????????
- ?????(?????)
- ??????????????,????????????????
- ???????????,????????
- ?????????????????????
- ??Class I?II???????
- ??????(?????)
- ?????????????????
- ??????
- ???????????????
- ???????????????
- ?????????????
- ????????????????
- ??????
- ?????,????????
- ?????????????,???????(Class I?II)??????????
22P2??????-????-
- ?????????????????????????,??????????(???????),????
??? - ?????????????,????????????????????????????????????
,????????????????(???)?????????????????,????? - ????????????????????????,?????????,????,????????
- ??????UV?????,?????,????????
- ??????????????????????
- ????????????P1?????,?????????,???????????????,????
?????? - ?????,?????????
- ????????????,???????
23?????????-?????????-
- ???????????????????????
- ?????????????????,??????????
- ??????????
- ???????????????????????,???????????,?????????????
- ???????????
- ????????
- ???????????????
- ???????????,???
- ???????????????????????,???Class II??????????
24P2?????? -???????????-
- ???????,??????,????????,?????????
- ??????????????,???????????????????????????????????
?????,???????? - ????????????????
- ????????????,????????,????????????,??????
- ???????,?????????(??,????????????????????,???????,
???????)??????????????????? - ?????????????,???????????????,??????????,????
25P2?????? -???????????-
- ?????????
- ????????,???????
- ????,??????,??????
- ?????????????????
- ?????,????????,???P2?????,????P2??????????????????
??????????????? - ????????,????,????????????
- ????????HEPA???,??????????????????,?????????,?????
?10???????1??,???? - ???????????????????????
26(No Transcript)
27 P1?P2???????
- ??
- P1????????????
- P2????????????????,?????UV???????
- ????
- P1??
- P2??(?????????????)
- ??????
- P1???(????),?????????
- P2???????????(?????P1???,?????????)
- ???
- P1???(??????????,????????,???????)
- P2??(?????????????????,?????????,??????????)
- ??
- P1???
- P2??(???????)
28????????? - BSL3 or P3 Lab -
- ?????????????????????????(RG3?RG4)???,????????????
- ???????
- ?????????????
- ??????,????????,??????????
- ?????????????????
- ?????????,????,????????????(??),????????????,?????
- ?????????????(???)
- ??Class I?II?III???????
- ??????
- ???????????????????????,????????????????????????
- ?????????,??????????
- ??????????,????????(Class I?II?III)???,???????????
???
29P3???? -????-
- ??????,????????(???????????),?????????????????????
???????????,?????? - ?????????,???????HEPA?????????????????,???????????
????? - ????????????,????????????,???????????
- ??????????????????
- ?????????????,??????????????
- ?????????????????,??????????????????
30P3???? -????-
- ?????????????,??????????????????????????
- ???????????????
- ?????????????
- ?????????,???????????????,???????????,????????????
?????????? - ??????????????????????????,???????????????????????
?????????????????
31?????????-?????????-
- ?????????????????????????
- ???????????????U?????????????????,?????
- ?????????Class II?III??????????
32P3????-?????? -???????????-
- ???????P1?P2?????
- ???????????????????????,??????????????????????,???
????????????,????? - ??????????????????????,???,????????????????,??????
?,?????????? - ???????????,???????????????
- ?????,??????????????,???P3?????,????P3????????????
?????????????,?????????
33(No Transcript)
34????????? - BSL4 or P4 Lab -
- ????????????????
- P3?????
- ??Class III??????,?Class I?II?????????????????????
??
35P4???? -????-
- ??????????????????,???????????,??????????,????????
?????????,???????????????????? - ?????????????????,???????????,????????????????
- ????????????,???????????????????????????
- ?????????????????,????????????????,???????????????
? - ??????????????,????????????,??????????????????????
???????,????????????
36P4???? -????-
- ?????????????,??????????????????????????
- ???????,??????,?????
- ?????????,???????????????????HEPA????HEPA???,?????
????,??????? - ?????????????,??????????
- ?????????,?????????????????????????????????????
- ??????????????????????,????????,??????????????,???
??????,??????????????????????????? - ??????,??????,??HEPA??????
37P4???? -????-
- ??????????,???HEPA?????,???????????????????????HEP
A???,?????????,????,??????????????? - ????????????????????????
- ??????????????????
- ???????????????
- ??????????????????
- ??????????
- ??????????????
- ?????????,????????
- ???????????????????
- ??????????????????,??????????,????????
38P4????-?????? -???????????-
- ???????P1?P2?P3?????
- ???????????????????????????????,???????????,??????
????????????????????? - ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
?????????,???????????????,??????? - ????????,?????????????,??????????????
- ???????????????????,???????????????????,??????????
- ??????,????????????????
39(No Transcript)
40(No Transcript)
41(No Transcript)
42Laminar Flow "Clean Bench"
43HEPA Filter
- HEPA (High Efficiency Particulate Air) filter
filters particles to 0.3 microns at 99.97
efficiency. - Where particulates such as toxic powders and
fibers are of concern, a HEPA filter may be
installed.
44Class I Biological Safety Cabinet Chemical Fume
Hood
- The Class I BSC provides personnel and
environmental protection, but no product
protection.
45The Class II, Type A1 BSC
30
70
????????????????A?,??????????????????????????????H
EPA?????????????????????B?
???? gt0.5 m/sec
46The Class II, Type B1 BSC
70
70
30
30
???? gt0.5 m/sec
47The Class II, B2 B3 BSC
??????????????????
30
100
70
Type B2
Type B3 (A2)
???? gt0.5 m/sec
48The Class III BSC
P4 lab??
???????0.124 kPa
49Biological Safety Cabinet
50Chemical or Radiological Hazards in the BSC
BIBO
51????????
- ?????????
- ???????
- ?????????
- ??????????
- ?????
- ????
- ?????(Geiger counter)
- ??????
- 3H 12.26 years
- 32P 14.3 days
- 35S 87.4 days
- 14C 5760 years
- 125I 60 days
- 60 Co 5.27 years
52?????????????
53Aspirator bottles or suction flasks
54(No Transcript)
55?????????????
56?????
- ??????(Autoclave)
- ??????????121?,15 p.s.i.,1540 min
- ??????????
- ???????????????????????
- ?????
- ????BSC????,???????
- ??30 min
- 70 Ethanol or 50 Isopropanol
- ???????????
- ????(Hypochloride, ??????)
- 120???
- ??????????????????????
- ????????
- ???
57????????
- ???????????(???)????,?????,?????????,???????
- ?????????????????DNA?????????,????????,???
- ?????????,????????,??????????
- ????????????,???????,?????????(???)???
58???????
- ????????
- ???
- ?????????
- ???????
???
???
???
59????????
- ??????
- ???????????
- ??????,?????????30??,??????????
- ???,????,?????????,?????????
- ???,????????????????
60?????????
- ??????????????
- ????????
- ?????????????
- ???????????????
- ???????????????
- ????????
- ???,???????????,???????,??????
- ???,???????????????????????
61??????
- ?????????
- ??????????
- ????????????????????,????????Norovirus??
- ??????????????????????
- ?????????,???????
- ?????????????????????
- ????????????
- ????????,??????
62?????????
- ??????,????????,???????????????????
- ??????????????????????????????????
- ?????????????
- ???,????????,????????
- ???,????(???),????????
63?????????
- ?????
- ???????????????
- ???Oven????????????????????????
- ?????????????????????????????????????CsCl???????
64?????????
- ??????????????????
- ?SDS?acrylamide? phenol (?)?CH3HgOH(??????)?EtBr?
- Phenol???,???????
- ????????????
- ?????????????
- ????????
- ???(UV light)??
- ????????
- ?????????????????
- ????
65???????????
- ???????????????????
- ??????????,??Chemical hood????
- ??????????????
- ????????????
- ?????,???????????,??????
- ???????????????????
- ???????????,?48??-20???
- ?????????????-20????
66????????????
67Ethidium Bromide (EtBr)???
- ?????(Mutagen),????????
- Less than 0.1 ethidium bromide place in
laboratory trash - More than or equal to 0.1 place in biohazard
bags and tag for pickup and incineration - Aqueous solutions containing lt10 ug/ml EtBr can
be released to the sanitary sewer. (Make sure you
maintain a drain log) - ????300 nm?UV??????,????????
68EtBr Deactivation Methods
69EtBr Deactivation Methods
70??????
- ??
- ??????????????
- ????
- ??
- ???????????
- ???
- ????
- ????????????????????
- ????????