Computer Components

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1. Computer Components
2. Memory RAM/ROM
3. History of AMD
4. AMD Products
5. AMD vs. P4
6. Bibliography

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Computer Components

• CPU Central Processing Unit
• CPU Fan Cooling System
• Motherboard Chipset, Battery, BIOS
• HDD Hard Disk Drive
• VGA Video Graphics Adapter
• PSU Power Supply Unit

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Computer Components

• MEMORY
• RAM (Random Access Memory) Also known as the
  main memory. On the motherboard there are a
  number of slots, these slots can have anything
  from 30 to 168 pins. Modern RAM is now separated
  into three different types SDRAM is an older
  memory type, that is cheaper than the others but
  does not provide as good performance. DDRRAM is
  now standard on new systems, it offers the best
  performance and makes a computer run a lot
  smoother than the SDRAM. The newest type of RAM
  is called RAMBUS this is much more expensive than
  both SD and DDR and can only perform well on
  Pentium 4 systems, and must be used in pairs.
• 8 bits make-up a byte
• Roughly 1000 bytes equals a kilobyte (KB),
  exactly 1024 bytes
• Megabyte (MB), about a million bytes, (actually
  1024 bytes times 1024 bytes or 1,048,576 bytes)
• Gigabyte (GB), roughly a billion bytes (
  1,073,741,824 bytes)
• Terabyte (TB), approximately a trillion bytes
  (1,099,511,627,776 bytes)
• ROM (Read Only Memory) This memory can not be
  altered and is usually small and integrated in
  the motherboard. This is the memory in which the
  start-up instructions (boot) are stored. The CMOS
  memory holds the hardware configuration and is
  battery powered to retain its contents and the
  cache Memory is used to store data that the
  processor anticipates will be needed next-data
  or instructions that are repeated over and over.

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History of AMD
In May 1969, a man called Jerry Sanders, with the
help of seven friends completed their mission to
start a successful semi-conductor company that
supplied electronic equipment for communication,
computing and instrumentation markets. By
September that same year AMD had raised enough
money to start production of their first products
and finally moved to a proper office (a change
from Sander's living room) and its first
permanent home. The first string of products were
other companies design, only made more faster and
efficient. Thankfully the company got of its feet
and by the end of 1974 they had 1500 employees,
making over 200 different products and making
26.5 million dollars of annual sales. In 1972
AMD went public and issued 525,000 shares at 15
a share. By 1979 they were in the New York Stock
Market. In AMDs next five years of production
they would turn over some 168 million dollars,
with an annual growth of 60. During this period
assembly facilities were constructed in Manila
and the Philippines. In 1976 Intel signs a
cross-license agreement and Siemens is now
affiliated with AMD. The 1980s was a great time
for AMD, their sales had doubled in one year,
their chips flew on the Columbia Space Shuttle
and in 19858 they made it into the top 100 for
the best companies to work for in America. In
1993 the AMD-K5 processor is released, a new CPU
that breaks the Intel dominance in the market.
The AMD-K6 is released in 1995 and exceeds all
the expectations that was set out by AMD, it is
the basis for the phenomenal Athlon CPU. The must
anticipated AMD Athlon CPU is released in 1999
has an enormous affect on Intel and other
competitors. The Athlon is the first AMD CPU that
uses its own chipset and motherboard, among other
great achievements with the company and the world
market, the highlight were Being the first CPU
to reach the historic mark of 1Ghz (1000MHz) and
winning over 100 awards worldwide. The last four
years for AMD has been their most exciting, with
the release of the high-performance Athlon XP
CPU, the Athlon MP, specifically made for servers
and workstations with dual processor capabilities
and AMD making a profit of over 1 billion dollars
in the first quarter of 2000, for the first time.
The newest arrival for AMD is the Athlon XP
3000, a CPU running at 2.167 GHz and a massive
512k cache.
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AMD CPUs

• K-5 The first CPU for AMD
• K-6 A dominating CPU of its time and exceeded
  expectations
• AMD-Athlon 1st CPU to reach 1Ghz, used same
  slot as PIII (slot A/I)
• AMD-Duron Cheaper CPU, good for a budget, up to
  1.3Ghz
• AMD-Athlon XP - Best performing CPU for AMD,
  designed for Windows 2000/XP. Extremely precise
  multimedia playing and recording. Fastest clock
  speed is 2.250Ghz, the Athlon XP 2800
• AMD-Athlon MP Specifically made for severs and
  workstations, dual processor capabilities, newest
  arrival. The most expensive AMD CPU

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AMD vs. P4

• K-5 started the Pentium and AMD battle
• Athlon XP is the best AMD CPU
• P4 is the best Intel CPU
• 2600 XP is the best all rounder, with 238fps on
  QIII in 1280x1024 in 32 bit color and in Unreal
  Tournament its performed with 194 fps in 1024x768
  in 32 bit color. Multimedia score are
  incomparable to P4
• The P4 2.53Ghz is a gaming machine with low
  multimedia performance and higher gaming results.
  The results are as follows QIII in 640x480 has a
  massive 265fps (compared with AMDs 256) and a
  respectable 157fps UT score.

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All testing done with 512 DDR RAM, 128 Mb VGA,
80Gb HDD, 17 Monitor and Windows XP
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Bibliography

• Books
• Australian PC User February 2003
• Australian PC User March 2003
• Australian PC User April 2003
• Websites
• www.amd.com

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