Types Of Societies

1
Chapter 4

• Section 3

2
Types Of Societies

• Role behavior takes place in groups.
• A group is a set of people who interact on the
  basis of shared expectations.
• Societies are classified by how they use
  technology.

3
Preindustrial Societies

• In preindustrial societies food production is the
  main economic activity.
• In hunting and gathering societies they get food
  through the collection of wild plants and the
  hunting of wild animals.
• These people constantly have to move around so
  they are nomadic.
• The family forms the main social unit.

4
Preindustrial Societies

• In a pastoral society the people rely on
  domesticated herd animals for food.
• They have to move the herd from pasture to
  pasture but they have much more food.
• These people have a division of labor.
• Some people acquire more wealth than others in
  these societies.

5
Preindustrial Societies

• In a horticultural society people clear wild
  forest to grow food.
• The slash-and-burn method is good for growing
  crops.
• They can stay in one area for a longer time so
  they are semi permanent societies.
• Also have specialization of labor and wealth
  among people.

6
Preindustrial Societies

• In agricultural societies animals are used to
  plow the fields for growing food.
• Can support very large populations.
• Can stay in one place so cities develop.
• The money system was created in these societies.
• Sharp status differences arise between landowners
  and peasants.

7
Industrial Societies

• In industrial societies the emphasis shifts from
  production of food to manufactured goods.
• The use of machines helps in these societies.
• Population size is much larger.
• Urbanization happens with large factories.
• Religion is questioned in these societies.
• Achieved statuses.

8
Postindustrial Societies

• In postindustrial societies the economy is
  involved in providing information and services.
• We are postindustrial.
• The quality of life improves in these societies
  and science and technology flourish.