Non-Renewable Resources

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Renewable
or
Non-RenewableResources
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• Non-renewable resources were formed billions of
  years ago by geological forces. The events that
  occurred to create such resources are impossible
  to recreate.

Kyonite Rhodolite (Garnet) Slate
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• Virginia continues to get most of its energy from
  non-renewable energy sources because the state
  has very large coal and natural gas deposits.
  Coal is the most valuable of Virginia's mineral
  resources and is used primarily to generate
  electricity.

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• In Virginia the dollar value of all mineral
  resources produced has risen almost threefold in
  the past 25 years, from 540,595,000 in 1973 to
  1,702,576,00 in 1997. Yet this figure tells only
  a small part of the story of the importance of
  the state's geologic resources.

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• In Virginia the dollar value of coal produced has
  risen almost fivefold in the past 35 years, from
  250,000,000 in 1970 to 1,201,200,000 in 2004
  while production actually decreased.
• The graph on the next slide tells more

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What Is This Graph Showing?
The X axis shows years (1970-2004)
the Y axis shows money values (millions).
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Our nonrenewable resources are important to
Virginias economy.

• Can we replace or replenish these resources?

Can we do without these resources?
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Discussion Time !!
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What nonrenewable resource adds the most money to
Virginias economy?

• COAL

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Where does coal come from?
Deep inside the Earth
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Virginias Coal

• Coal originated from ancient plants that
  flourished in swamp-like environments millions of
  years ago. In Virginia, coal was formed mainly
  during the Carboniferous period of the Earth's
  history, 280 to 360 million years ago. There are
  also coal beds in Virginia that were formed
  during the Triassic period, 205 to 245 million
  years ago.

• By comparison, most of the coals in the western
  U.S. were formed during the Cretaceous period,
• 70 to 140 million years ago, and the Tertiary
  period,
• 2 to 70 million years ago.

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Are all minerals and rocks formed in the same
manner?
The three types of rocks are igneous, sedimentary
and metamorphic. Igneous rocks form when molten
rock, or magma, cools and hardens. Sedimentary
rocks result from erosion of any rock type,
followed by depositing the resulting sediment
into a natural basin, and finally cementing the
sediment into stone. Metamorphic rocks form when
any rock is subjected to great heat and pressure,
but not enough heat to melt the rock.
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For example, when magma crystallizes, it may form
the igneous rock, granite. If the granite is then
eroded, it may become sand. Later, the sand may
harden to form sandstone, a sedimentary rock. If
the sandstone is heated and pressurized, it might
turn into quartzite, a metamorphic rock. It is
possible (although rare) for that quartzite to
melt and then crystallize, turning it back into
an igneous rock. This process can change any
rock type into any other. It is called the Rock
Cycle.
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What type of rock is formed here? Are these
rocks a renewable or non-renewable resource?
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Are any of Virginias resources formed this way?
Explain.
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Name three of Virginias nonrenewable resources
that are formed by a rock cycle? How are these
resources used?
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Answer the following?

• Do you believe the state of Virginia is too
  depended on its non-renewable resources? Explain.

• Devise a conservation or a reduce dependency plan
  for Virginia non-renewable resources and write a
  paragraph.

• Do you believe Virginia will use all of its
  non-renewable resources?

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